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- # Exam Review 2023 May 27
- # Do those LABS
- # Ch 2-14... all Labs!
- # Ch 21-32 just ADDITIONAL LABS, but important practice!
- # Prac Tests, Ch 33 and 34
- # Use Submit Mode and get them to 100%!!! And PAY ATTENTION to the unit tests!
- # Comp 1: Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc
- # Comp 2: Control Flow
- # Comp 3: Modules and Files
- # Watch your string input and output
- # input...
- # myInput = input().strip()
- # output/echo/print()
- # print() # same as print(end="\n")
- # print("Something I'm printing.", end=" ") # if we override end...
- # # we gotta put the expected \n back
- # print()
- # # print("Clean new line!")
- # Comp 1: Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc
- # Common Data Types
- # int
- # float
- # bool # True, False... cond expressions resolve to bool: x = 999, print(x>1000) --> False
- # str # ""
- # list # [ ]
- # dict # {key:value}
- # tuple # () immutable, Python sees any x,y,z as (x,y,z) --> return x,y --> return (x,y)
- # set # all unique/no duplicate, no ordered... no index, no slicing, no sort
- # range object # range()... range(0, 5) --> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
- # Operators
- # = # assignment
- # == # equality, asking a question, comparing... if/elif, while
- # +
- # -
- # *
- # /
- # % # modulo... gives an int remainder, "How many whole things didn't fit (since the last even division)?"
- # // # floor division, the last even division
- # <
- # >
- # <=
- # >=
- # += # x += 1 --> x = x+1
- # -= # x -= 1 --> x = x-1
- # ** # raise to power... pow() and math.pow()
- # !=
- # # keywords that we use like operators
- # in # if x in myList:
- # not # if not x in myList:
- # and
- # or # any one True means the combined condition is True... limit OR to 2 conditions
- # Comp 2
- # Control Flow! The HOW stuff
- # IF statements... if, if/else, if/elif, if/elif/else
- # LOOPS
- # WHILE - an IF that repeats
- # FOR - looping over a container, or a known number of times... hence range()
- # # Check out my For Loops webinar in The Gotchas
- # for ___ in __someContainer__:
- # for item in myList:
- # for char in myStr:
- # for key in myDict: # myDict[key] gets the value for that key
- # for key, value in myDict.items():
- # for num in range(0, 5):
- # # if I need to know the index and the item/value in a list, str, tuple, etc
- # for i in range(0, len(myList)): # for i, item in enumerate(myList):
- # FUNCTIONS
- # defining/writing vs calling
- # a function has ONE particular job
- # parameters are special variables... they don't work like "regular" variables
- # parameters vs arguments
- # return vs print()/output... or something else?
- #
- # def someFunction(x, y):
- # return x / y
- #
- # if __name__ == "__main__": # is this script the one that's being run from?
- # # we're solving THIS question
- # myInput = int(input())
- # thisOther = int(input())
- # myNum = someFunction(myInput, thisOther)
- # print(myNum)
- # See "tasks" in the last section of Ch 10, 11, 13, 14 for function writing practice
- # # CodingBat also has good function-based Python questions:
- # # https://codingbat.com/python
- # BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS
- # print()
- # input()
- # range()
- # list()
- # tuple()
- # set()
- # dict()
- # int()
- # float()
- # enumerate()
- # len()
- # sum()
- # min()
- # max()
- # abs() # compare to math.fabs()
- # pow() # compare to math.pow() and to **
- # open() # open a file, create a file object
- # round() # cousins math.ceil() and math.floor()
- # type() # print(type(x).__name__)
- # sorted()
- # reversed()
- # help() # help(str), help(list.append)
- # dir() # print(dir(list))
- # STRINGS
- # be able to slice
- # myStr = "abcd"
- # revStr = myStr[::-1]
- # print(revStr)
- # KNOW YOUR WHITESPACE
- # " "
- # a lot of spaces in Unicode
- # "\n" # NEW line return
- # "\t" # tab
- # "\r" # CARRIAGE return
- # help(str.isspace)
- # STRING METHODS
- # myStr.format() # "stuff I want to put together {}".format(var)
- # myStr.strip()
- # myStr.split() # returns a list a smaller strings
- # myStr.join() # " ".join(listOfStrings)
- # myStr.replace(subStr, newStr) # "remove"... myStr = myStr.replace(subStr, "")
- # myStr.find(subStr) # returns int for the index, -1 or failure
- # myStr.count(subStr) # return in count of subStr in string
- # case: myStr.lower(), myStr.upper(), myStr.title(), myStr.capitalize()
- # is/Boolean: myStr.isupper(), myStr.islower(), myStr.isspace(), myStr.isalpha(), myStr.isalnum(), myStr.isnumeric(), myStr.isdigit(), etc
- # myStr.startswith(subStr), myStr.endswith(subStr)
- # LISTS
- # be able to slice
- # LIST METHODS
- # # +
- # myList.append(item)
- # myList.insert(i, item)
- # myList.extend(anotherList)
- # # -
- # myList.pop() # last or myList.pop(i)
- # myList.remove(item) # pop() by index, remove() by value
- # myList.clear()
- # # others
- # myList.count(item)
- # myList.sort()
- # myList.reverse()
- # myList.copy()
- # myList.index(item)
- # DICT
- # use the key like an index []
- # myDict[key] # retrieve value for that key
- # myDict[key] = value # assign value to key
- # myDict.keys()
- # myDict.values()
- # myDict.items()
- # MODULES
- # math and csv
- # MATH MODULE
- import math # FULL IMPORT
- # math.factorial(x)
- # math.ceil(x.yz)
- # math.floor(x.yz)
- # math.pow(x, y) # not to be confused with math.exp()
- # math.sqrt(x)
- # math.fabs(x) # compare abs(x)
- # math.pi
- # math.e
- # PARTIAL IMPORT
- from math import factorial # --> factorial(x)
- from math import ceil, sqrt # --> ceil(x.yz), sqrt(x)
- from math import * # --> floor(x.yz)
- # ALIAS IMPORT
- import math as m # --> m.floor(x.yz), m.factorial(x)
- # FILES
- # READ MODE
- with open("test.txt", "r") as f:
- contents = f.readlines() # list a strings line by line
- print(contents)
- for line in contents:
- line = line.strip()
- print(line)
- # CSV module
- import csv
- with open("mock_data.csv", "r") as f1:
- contents = list(csv.reader(f1)) # for tsv... csv.reader(f1, delimiter="\t")
- # print(contents) # [['id', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'gender', 'ip_address'], ['1', 'Remington', 'Shilling', 'rshilling0@wsj.com', 'Male', '1.71.141.52']... ]
- for row in contents[0:30]: # slice just to shorten this
- print(row)
- # # WRITE MODE
- # with open("output_data19.csv", "w") as f2:
- # for row in contents:
- # # only write into this new file if email is at spiegel.de
- # # email is at list position 3
- # # lazy or smart?
- # # if "@spiegel.de" in row[3]:
- # # endswith()
- # if row[3].endswith("@spiegel.de"):
- # # takes a single str argument
- # f2.write(",".join(row)+"\n")
- # APPEND MODE
- # with open("append_to_this.txt", "r") as f3:
- # contents = f3.readlines()
- # print(contents)
- with open("append_to_this.txt", "a") as f3:
- f3.write("Galadriel\nBalin\nGlorfindel\nThe Balrog\n") # added to file, rather than overwriting
- # Best wishes to our exam takers!
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