12b.c

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define MAX_WIDTH 200
#define MAX_HEIGHT 50
#define BIG_NUMBER 2137

char tab[MAX_HEIGHT][MAX_WIDTH];
int values[MAX_HEIGHT][MAX_WIDTH];
int h=0,w;

void resolve(int y, int x, int val){
    if(x<0 || y<0 || x==w || y==h) return;
    val++;
    if(values[y][x] == -1 || val < values[y][x]){
        values[y][x] = val;

        for(int i=-1;i<=1;i++)
            for(int j=-1;j<=1;j++)
                if(abs(i)+abs(j)==1)
                    if(tab[y+j][x+i] >= tab[y][x]-1)
                        resolve(y+j,x+i,val);
    }
}

void main(){
    int ex,ey;

    while(scanf("%s\n",tab[h++]) == 1);
    w=strlen(tab[0]);

    for(int i=0;i<h;i++){
        for(int j=0;j<w;j++){
            if(tab[i][j] == 'S'){
                tab[i][j]='a';
            } else if (tab[i][j] == 'E'){
                ey=i;
                ex=j;
                tab[i][j]='z';
            }

            values[i][j]=-1;
        }
    }

    resolve(ey,ex,-1);

    int min=BIG_NUMBER;

    for(int i=0;i<h;i++)
        for(int j=0;j<w;j++)
            if(tab[i][j] == 'a' && values[i][j] != -1 && values[i][j] < min)
                min = values[i][j];

    printf("min = %d\n", min);
}