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- # Exam Review 2023 Mar 25
- # LABS
- # Ch 2-14... all Labs!
- # Ch 21-34 just ADDITIONAL LABS, but important practice!
- # Use Submit Mode!!!
- # Watch your string input and output
- # input...
- # myVar = input().strip() # myString.strip()
- # output/print
- # print() # print(end="\n")
- # print("some stuff", end=" ")
- # print()
- # print("Clean new line!")
- # Comp 1: Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc
- # Comp 2: Control Flow
- # Comp 3: Modules and Files
- # Comp 1: Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc
- # Common Data Types
- int
- float
- bool # True, False
- str # " "
- list # [ ]
- dict # {key:value}
- tuple # ( ) immutable... Python sees any a,b,c as (a,b,c)... return a,b -> return (a, b)
- set # { } all unique values, unordered... no index, no sorting, no slicing
- range # range() --> range object [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
- # operators
- # = # assignment
- # == # equality... asking a question, comparing... part of condition
- # +
- # -
- # *
- # /
- # % # modulo # gives us the int remainder, "how many whole things didn't fit?"
- # // # floor division... the last even division
- # <
- # >
- # <=
- # >=
- # +=
- # -=
- # ** # raise to a power... pow() or math.pow()
- # !=
- # # keywords used like operator
- # in # if x in myList
- # not # if not x in myList
- # and
- # or # any one True means whole condition is True... limit OR to 2 conditions
- # # question on % and //
- # print(25%4) # 1
- # print(25//4) # 6
- #
- # print(39%16) # oz left over
- # print(39//16) # lbs
- # Comp 2
- # the HOW stuff... control flow structures
- # IF statements... if, if/else, if/elif, if/elif/else, vs if + if + if
- # LOOPS
- # WHILE - an IF that repeats
- # FOR - looping over a container, or a known number of times #... hence range()
- # for _item_ in myList:
- # for char in myString:
- # for n in range(0, 5): # sorta like [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
- # for i in range(0, len(myList)): # myList[i]
- # for key in myDict: # myDict[key]
- # FUNCTIONS
- # defining/writing vs calling
- # a function has ONE, PARTICULAR job
- # parameter are special variable... they don't work like regular variables
- # parameters vs arguments
- # return vs print()... vs write a file... whatever the question says
- # def someFunction(x, y):
- # return x * y # None
- # # print('hey') # don't print stuff in here
- #
- # if __name__ == "__main__": # are we running from this very script I'm writing?
- # myInput = int(input())
- # myOther = int(input())
- # # num = someFunction(myInput, myOther)
- # # print(num)
- # print(someFunction(myInput, myOther))
- #
- # See "tasks" in the last section of Ch 10, 11, 13, 14 for function writing practice
- # # CodingBat also has good function-based Python questions:
- # # https://codingbat.com/python
- # BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS
- # print()
- # input()
- # len()
- # min()
- # max()
- # sum()
- # abs() # math.fabs()
- # pow() # math.pow(), **
- # round() # math.ceil(), math.floor()
- # sorted() # returns sorted list.. compare list.sort() does not return anything
- # reversed() # returns reversed list... same
- # int()
- # float()
- # list()
- # str()
- # tuple()
- # dict()
- # set()
- # type() # x = [1, 2, 3], print(type(x).__name__)
- # range()
- # enumerate()
- # open() # open a file and create a file/IO stream object
- # help() # help(str), help(str.isspace)
- # dir() # print(dir(str))
- # STRINGS
- # be able to slice like it's 2nd nature: myString[start:stop:step]
- # myStr = "abcdef"
- # revStr = myStr[::-1]
- # print(revStr)
- # KNOW YOUR WHITESPACE
- # " " # ... many Unicode spaces
- # "\n"
- # "\t"
- # "\r"
- # STRING METHODS
- # myString.format() # "stuff I want to put together {}".format(var)... or similar f strings
- # myString.split() # return a list of smaller strings
- # myString.join() # " ".join(listOfStrings)
- # myString.strip() # lstrip(), rstrip()
- # myString.replace(subStr, newStr) # "remove"... myString = myString.replace(subStr, "")
- # myString.find(subStr) # return int index where it starts, or -1 on failure
- # myString.count(subStr) # return int count
- # case: myStr.lower(), myStr.upper(), myStr.title(), myStr.capitalize()
- # is/Boolean: myString.isupper(), .islower(), .isspace(), isalpha(), isnumeric(), isalnum(), isdigit()
- # LISTS
- # again know indices and be able to slice
- # LIST METHODS
- # # +
- # myList.append(item)
- # myList.insert(i, item)
- # myList.extend(anotherList)
- # # -
- # myList.pop(i) # pop by index
- # myList.remove(item) # remove by value
- # # other
- # myList.sort()
- # myList.reverse()
- # myList.count(item)
- # myList.clear()
- # myList.copy()
- # myList.index(item)
- # DICT
- # use the key like an index
- # myDict[key] # retrieve the value for that key, so like get()
- # myDict[key] = value # assign a value to the key, so takes the place of update()
- # myDict.keys()
- # myDict.values()
- # pets = {
- # " Agent Scully": "Queequeg",
- # "Fred": "Dino ",
- # "Thor": "Frog Thor"
- # }
- # pets[key.strip()] = value.strip()
- # MODULES
- # math and csv
- # MATH MODULE
- import math # that's a FULL IMPORT
- # math.factorial(x)
- # math.ceil(x.yz)
- # math.floor(x.yz)
- # math.pow(x, y)
- # math.sqrt(x)
- # math.fabs() # abs()
- # math.e
- # math.pi
- # PARTIAL IMPORT
- # from math import factorial
- # factorial() # not math.factorial()
- # from math import floor, sqrt
- # floor(), sqrt() # not math.floor(), not math.sqrt()
- # from math import *
- # but still... factorial(), floor()
- # ALIAS IMPORT
- # import math as m
- # m.floor()
- # FILES!!!
- # READ MODE
- # with open("test.txt", "r") as f:
- # contents = f.readlines() # # list of strings, line by line
- # print(contents)
- # for line in contents:
- # # line = line.strip()
- # print(line, end="")
- # print()
- # print(contents)
- # CSV Module
- # reader() method
- # import csv
- # with open("mock_data.csv", "r") as f1:
- # contents = list(csv.reader(f1)) # csv.reader(f1, delimiter="\t")
- #
- # print(contents[0:20])
- # WRITE MODE
- # with open("output_data15.csv", "w") as f2:
- # for line in contents:
- # if len(line[1]) > 9:
- # # write() method takes one single str argument
- # f2.write(",".join(line)+"\n")
- # # f2.write(f"{','.join(line)}\n")
- # APPEND MODE
- # with open("append_to_this.txt", "r") as f3:
- # contents = f3.readlines()
- # print(contents)
- # with open("append_to_this.txt", "a") as f4:
- # f4.write("Pippin\n")
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