//1.B
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/time.h>

#define MIN_NUM_OF_NEURONS  (1L)
#define DEF_NUM_OF_NEURONS  (1000L)

#define MIN_NUM_OF_NEIGHBORS    (0L)
#define DEF_NUM_OF_NEIGHBORS    (300L)

#define DEF_DT          (1.0e-04)
#define DEF_MU          (1.0)
#define DEF_UTH         (0.98)
#define DEF_S_MIN       (0.7)
#define DEF_S_MAX       (0.7)
#define DEF_SIM_TIME        (20L)
#define DEF_TTRANSIENT      (-1L)

static struct option long_options[] =
{
 {"dt",        required_argument, 0, 'a'},
 {"mu",        required_argument, 0, 'b'},
 {"uth",       required_argument, 0, 'c'},
 {"time",      required_argument, 0, 'd'},
 {"transient", required_argument, 0, 'e'},
 {"s_min",     required_argument, 0, 'f'},
 {"s_max",     required_argument, 0, 'g'},
 {"n",         required_argument, 0, 'n'},
 {"r",         required_argument, 0, 'r'},
 {0, 0, 0, 0}
};

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    FILE        *output1, *output2;
    long        n, r;
    long        i, j;
    long        it;
    double      divide;
    double      dt;
    double      tstep;
    long        ntstep;
    long        sim_time;
    long        ttransient;
    long        itime;
    double      uth;
    double      mu;
    double      s_min;
    double      s_max;
    double      *u, *uplus, *sigma, *omega, *omega1;
    double      sum;
    double      time;
    struct timeval  global_start, global_end, IO_start, IO_end;
    double      global_usec, IO_usec = 0.0;
    int     c, option_index;
    char        *end_ptr;

    n          = DEF_NUM_OF_NEURONS;
    r          = DEF_NUM_OF_NEIGHBORS;
    dt         = DEF_DT;
    mu         = DEF_MU;
    uth        = DEF_UTH;
    s_min      = DEF_S_MIN;
    s_max      = DEF_S_MAX;
    sim_time   = DEF_SIM_TIME;
    ttransient = DEF_TTRANSIENT;

    while (1) {
        c = getopt_long (argc, argv, "+n:r:", long_options, &option_index);

        if (c == -1) {
            break;
        }

        switch (c) {
            case 'a':
                dt = strtod(optarg, &end_ptr);
                if (*end_ptr != '\0') {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": Invalid argument \"%s\".\n", long_options[option_index].name, optarg);
                    exit(1);
                }
                if (dt <= 0.0) {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": \"dt\" must be larger than zero.\n", long_options[option_index].name);
                    exit(1);
                }
                break;
            case 'b':
                mu = strtod(optarg, &end_ptr);
                if (*end_ptr != '\0') {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": Invalid argument \"%s\".\n", long_options[option_index].name, optarg);
                    exit(1);
                }
                if (mu <= 0.0) {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": \"mu\" must be larger than zero.\n", long_options[option_index].name);
                    exit(1);
                }
                break;
            case 'c':
                uth = strtod(optarg, &end_ptr);
                if (*end_ptr != '\0') {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": Invalid argument \"%s\".\n", long_options[option_index].name, optarg);
                    exit(1);
                }
                if (uth <= 0.0) {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": \"uth\" must be larger than zero.\n", long_options[option_index].name);
                    exit(1);
                }
                break;
            case 'd':
                sim_time = strtol(optarg, &end_ptr, 10);
                if (*end_ptr != '\0') {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": Invalid argument \"%s\".\n", long_options[option_index].name, optarg);
                    exit(1);
                }
                if (sim_time < 1) {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": Total simulation time must be larger than zero.\n", long_options[option_index].name);
                    exit(1);
                }
                break;
            case 'e':
                ttransient = strtol(optarg, &end_ptr, 10);
                if (*end_ptr != '\0') {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": Invalid argument \"%s\".\n", long_options[option_index].name, optarg);
                    exit(1);
                }
                if (ttransient < 0) {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": \"ttransient\" must be larger or equal than zero.\n", long_options[option_index].name);
                    exit(1);
                }
                break;
            case 'f':
                s_min = strtod(optarg, &end_ptr);
                if (*end_ptr != '\0') {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": Invalid argument \"%s\".\n", long_options[option_index].name, optarg);
                    exit(1);
                }
                if (s_min <= 0.0) {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": \"s_min\" must be larger than zero.\n", long_options[option_index].name);
                    exit(1);
                }
                break;
            case 'g':
                s_max = strtod(optarg, &end_ptr);
                if (*end_ptr != '\0') {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": Invalid argument \"%s\".\n", long_options[option_index].name, optarg);
                    exit(1);
                }
                if (s_max <= 0.0) {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": \"s_max\" must be larger than zero.\n", long_options[option_index].name);
                    exit(1);
                }
                break;
            case 'n':
                n = strtol(optarg, &end_ptr, 10);
                if (*end_ptr != '\0') {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": Invalid argument \"%s\".\n", long_options[option_index].name, optarg);
                    exit(1);
                }
                if (n < MIN_NUM_OF_NEURONS) {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": Number of neurons must be at least %ld.\n", long_options[option_index].name, MIN_NUM_OF_NEURONS);
                    exit(1);
                }
                break;
            case 'r':
                r = strtol(optarg, &end_ptr, 10);
                if (*end_ptr != '\0') {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": Invalid argument \"%s\".\n", long_options[option_index].name, optarg);
                    exit(1);
                }
                if (r < MIN_NUM_OF_NEIGHBORS) {
                    printf("Option \"%s\": Number of neighbors must be at least %ld.\n", long_options[option_index].name, MIN_NUM_OF_NEIGHBORS);
                    exit(1);
                }
                break;
            case '?':
            default:
                exit(1);
                break;
        }
    }

    if (optind != argc) {
        printf("Unknown option \"%s\".\n", argv[optind]);
        exit(1);
    }

    if (2 * r + 1 > n) {
        printf("Total number of neighbors and reference neuron (2 * %ld + 1 = %ld) cannot exceed number of neurons (%ld).\n", r, 2 * r + 1, n);
        exit(1);
    }

    if (s_min > s_max) {
        printf("s_min (%17.15f) must be smaller or equal than s_max (%17.15f).\n", s_min, s_max);
        exit(1);
    }

    divide = (double)(2 * r);
    tstep = 1.0 / dt;
    ntstep = (long)tstep;
    if (ttransient == DEF_TTRANSIENT) {
        ttransient = (sim_time * ntstep) / 2;
    } else {
        ttransient *= ntstep;
    }
    itime = sim_time * ntstep;

    printf("Running simulation with following parameters:\n");
    printf("  Number of neurons   : %ld\n", n);
    printf("  Numger of neighbours: %ld\n", r);
    printf("  Simulation time     : %ld seconds (%ld time steps)\n", sim_time, itime);
    printf("  Transient time      : %ld seconds (%ld time steps)\n", ttransient / ntstep, ttransient);
    printf("  dt                  : %.1e seconds \n", dt);
    printf("  mu                  : %17.15f\n", mu);
    printf("  uth                 : %17.15f\n", uth);
    printf("  s_min               : %17.15f\n", s_min);
    printf("  s_max               : %17.15f\n", s_max);

    output1 = fopen("spacetime.out", "w");
    if (output1 == NULL) {
        printf("Could not open file \"spacetime.out\"");
        exit(1);
    }

    output2 = fopen("omega.out", "w");
    if (output2 == NULL) {
        printf("Could not open file \"omega.out\"");
        exit(1);
    }

    u = (double *)calloc(n, sizeof(double));
    if (u == NULL) {
        printf("Could not allocate memory for \"u\".\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    uplus = (double *)calloc(n, sizeof(double));
    if (uplus == NULL) {
        printf("Could not allocate memory for \"uplus\".\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    sigma = (double *)calloc(n * n, sizeof(double));
    if (sigma == NULL) {
        printf("Could not allocate memory for \"sigma\".\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    omega = (double *)calloc(n, sizeof(double));
    if (omega == NULL) {
        printf("Could not allocate memory for \"omega\".\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    omega1 = (double *)calloc(n, sizeof(double));
    if (omega1 == NULL) {
        printf("Could not allocate memory for \"omega1\".\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    /*
     * Initialize elements of array u[i] with random numbers.
     */
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++ ) {
        u[i] = drand48();
        printf("%ld\t%f\n", i, u[i]);
    }

    /*
     * Read connectivity matrix sigma[n][n] from file or
     * construct connectivity matrix.
     */
    double cals = s_min + (s_max - s_min);
    for (i = 0; i < r; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < i + r + 1; j++) {
            sigma[i * n + j] = cals * drand48();
        }
        for (j = n - r + i; j < n; j++) {
            sigma[i * n + j] = cals * drand48();
        }
    }

    for (i = r; i < n - r; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < 2 * r + 1; j++) {
            sigma[i * n + j + i - r]  = cals * drand48();
        }
    }

    for (i = n - r; i < n; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < i - n + r + 1; j++) {
            sigma[i * n + j] = cals * drand48();
        }
        for (j = i - r; j < n; j++) {
            sigma[i * n + j] = cals * drand48();
        }
    }
#if 0
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
            printf("%4.1f", sigma[i * n + j]);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }
#endif

    /*
     * Temporal iteration.
     */
    gettimeofday(&global_start, NULL);
    double x = dt*mu;
    double y = dt/divide;
    double z = (1-dt);
    for (it = 0; it < itime; it++) {
        /*
         * Iteration over elements.
         */
        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            sum = 0.0;
            /*
             * Iteration over neighbouring neurons.
             */
            for (j = 0; j < n; j++) {
                sum += sigma[i * n + j] * (u[j] - u[i]);
            }
            uplus[i] += u[i] * z + x + y * sum ;
        }

        /*
         * Update network elements and set u[i] = 0 if u[i] > uth
         */
        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            //u[i] = uplus[i];
            if (uplus[i] > uth) {
                uplus[i] = 0.0;
                /*
                 * Calculate omega's.
                 */
                if (it >= ttransient) {
                    omega1[i] += 1.0;
                }
            }
        }

        /*
         * Print out of results.
         */
#if !defined(ALL_RESULTS)
        if (it % ntstep == 0) {
#endif
            printf("Time is %ld\n", it);

            gettimeofday(&IO_start, NULL);
            fprintf(output1, "%ld\t", it);
            for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                fprintf(output1, "%19.15f", uplus[i]);
            }
            fprintf(output1, "\n");

            time = (double)it * dt;
            fprintf(output2, "%ld\t", it);
            for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                omega[i] = 2.0 * M_PI * omega1[i] / (time - ttransient * dt);
                fprintf(output2, "%19.15f", omega[i]);
            }
            fprintf(output2, "\n");
            gettimeofday(&IO_end, NULL);
            IO_usec += ((IO_end.tv_sec - IO_start.tv_sec) * 1000000.0 + (IO_end.tv_usec - IO_start.tv_usec));
#if !defined(ALL_RESULTS)
        }
#endif
    }
    gettimeofday(&global_end, NULL);
    global_usec = ((global_end.tv_sec - global_start.tv_sec) * 1000000.0 + (global_end.tv_usec - global_start.tv_usec));

    printf("Time for calculations = %13.6f sec\n", (global_usec - IO_usec) / 1000000.0);
    printf("Time for I/O          = %13.6f sec\n", IO_usec / 1000000.0);
    printf("Total execution time  = %13.6f sec\n", global_usec / 1000000.0);

    fclose(output1);
    fclose(output2);

    return 0;
}