webinar-exam-review-2023-02-25

# Exam Review 2023 Feb 25

# LABS
# Ch 2-14... all Labs!
# Ch 21-34 just ADDITIONAL LABS, but important practice!
# Use Submit Mode!!!

# Watch your string input and output
# 1
# myVar = input().strip()
# 2
# print() # print(end="\n")
# # if you ever override end...
# print("some stuff", end="") # but we need to get back to that clean line following us
# print()
#
# # print("Clean new line!")

# Comp 1: Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc
# Comp 2: Control Flow
# Comp 3: Modules and Files

# Comp 1: Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc
# Common Data Types
# int
# float
# bool
# str # " "
# list # [ ]
# tuple # ( ) immutable, Python sees x,y,z as (x,y,z)... return x,y,z -> return (x,y,z)
# set # { } all unique values (no repeats), is unordered... no index, no slicing, no sorting
# dict # {key: value}
# range() # --> range object... sorta like [0, 1, 2, 3]

# operators
# = # assignment
# == # equality... asking, comparing... part of condition
# +
# -
# *
# /
# % # modulo, int remainder... "how many whole things left over?"
# // # floor division... x//y -> math.floor(x/y)
# <
# >
# <=
# >=
# += # increment... x+=1 --> x = x+1
# -= # decrement
# ** # raise to a power... pow() or math.pow()
# !=
# # keywords used like operator
# in # if _someValue_ in _someContainer_
# not # if not _someValue_ in _someContainer_
# and
# or  #  any one True means whole condition is True... limit OR to 2 conditions

# Comp 2
# # the HOW stuff... control flow structures
# IF statements... if, if/else, if/elif, if/elif/else
# LOOPS
# WHILE - an IF that repeats
# FOR - looping over a container, or a known number of times # hence range()
# for ___ in _someContainer_:
# for item in myList:
# for key in myDict: # myDict[key]
# for n in range(5): # for n in range(0, 5) # --> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
# for i in range(0, len(myList)):

# FUNCTIONS
# defining/writing vs calling
# a function has ONE particular job
# parameters are special "variables"... they dont' work like "regular" variables
# parameters vs arguments
# return vs print()...vs write a file... whatever the question says
# method are functions that belong to a particular class/type
#
# def someFunction(x, y):
#     return x - y
#
# if __name__ == "__main__":
#     myInput = int(input())
#     myOther = int(input())
#     num = someFunction(myInput, myOther)
#     print(num)

# See "tasks" in the last section of Ch 10, 11, 13, 14 for function writing practice
# # CodingBat also has good function-based Python questions:
# # https://codingbat.com/python

# BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS
# print()
# input()
# range()
# list()
# int()
# float()
# str()
# dict()
# tuple()
# set()
# type() # creates a type object
# len()
# enumerate()
# min()
# max()
# sum()
# round() # buts its cousins math.ceil() and math.floor() are in the math module
# sorted() # returns sorted list.. compare list.sort() does not return anything
# reversed() # returns reversed list... same
# open() # IO/file --> .read(), .readlines()
# help()
# dir()
# help(str) # help(str.isspace)
# print(dir(str))

# STRINGS
# be able to slice like it's 2nd nature: myString[start:stop:step]
# myStr = "abcdef"
# revStr = myStr[::-1]
# print(revStr)

# KNOW YOUR WHITESPACE
# " " # ... any many Unicode spaces
# "\n" # new line return
# "\t" # tab
# "\r" # carriage return
# ... and more! There are many whitespace characters.

# STRING METHODS #... print(dir(str))
# "stuff I want to put together {:.2f}".format(var) # f strings
# myStr.strip() # cousins: .lstrip(), .rstrip()
# myStr.split() # returns a list of smaller strings
# " ".join(listOfStrings)
# myStr.replace(subStr, newSubStr) #  "remove"... myStr = myStr.replace(subStr, "")
# myStr.find(subStr) # return int index or -1 if not there
# myStr.count(subStr)  # return int count of occurrences
# case: myStr.lower(), myStr.upper(), myStr.title(), myStr.capitalize()
# is/Boolean: myStr.isupper(), islower(), isspace(), isalpha(), isdigit(), isnumeric()

# LISTS
# again know indices and be able to slice

# LIST METHODS
# +
# myList.append(item)
# myList.insert(i, item)
# myList.extend(anotherList)
# # -
# myList.pop() # myList.pop(i)
# myList.remove(item) # pop() by index, remove() by value
# # other...
# myList.sort()
# myList.reverse()
# myList.count(item)
# # not as important
# myList.clear()
# myList.copy()
# myList.index()

# DICT
# use the key like an index... myDict[key]
# myDict[key] # retrieve the value for that key, so like get()
# myDict[key] = value # # assign (new) value for that key, so like update({k:v})
# myDict.keys()
# myDict.values()
# myDict.items() # for k, v in myDict.items()

# MODULES
# math and csv

# # MATH MODULE
# import math # that's a FULL IMPORT
# math.factorial(x)
# math.ceil(x.yz)
# math.floor(x.yz)
# math.pow(x, y)
# math.sqrt(x)
# math.fabs() # also built-in abs()
# math.e
# math.pi
#
# # PARTIAL IMPORT
# from math import factorial
# from math import factorial, ceil
# from math import * # but still a partial import
# factorial()
#
# # ALIAS IMPORT
# import math as m
# m.floor(x.yz)

# FILES!!!
# READ MODE
with open("test.txt", "r") as f:
    contents = f.readlines() # return a list of strings... each string is a line
print(contents)
for line in contents:
    line = line.strip()
    print(line)

# CSV Module
import csv
with open("mock_data.csv", "r") as f1:
    contents = list(csv.reader(f1)) # if a tsv... csv.reader(f1, delimiter="\t")
# print(contents)
print(contents[:10])

# WRITE MODE
with open("output_data13.csv", "w") as f2:
    for line in contents:
        if ".org" in line[3]: # if line[3].endswith(".org")
            # the file write() method takes a SINGLE STRING argument
            f2.write(",".join(line)+"\n")

# APPEND MODE
# with open("append_to_this.txt", "r") as f3:
#     contents = f3.readlines()
# print(contents) # --> ["Frodo\n", "Sam\n", "Merry"]... note that the last line may or may not have a \n
with open("append_to_this.txt", "a") as f4:
    f4.write("\nPippin\n")