// Linux

launch.json

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "(gdb) Launch",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${fileDirname}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": false,
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                },
                {
                    "description": "Set Disassembly Flavor to Intel",
                    "text": "-gdb-set disassembly-flavor intel",
                    "ignoreFailures": true
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

tasks.json

{
	"version": "2.0.0",
	"tasks": [
		{
			"type": "cppbuild",
			"label": "C/C++: g++-11 build active file",
			"command": "/usr/bin/g++-11",
			"args": [
				"-fdiagnostics-color=always",
				"-g",

				// оптимизация
				// "-O0",
				// "-O3",

				// поменять комментирование, если проект многофайловый
				//"${fileDirname}\\**.cpp",
				"${file}",
				"-o",
				"${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}",

				// стандарт
				"-std=c++17",

				// санитайзеры
				"-fsanitize=address",
				"-fsanitize=leak",
				"-fsanitize=undefined",

				// макроопределения
				"-D_GLIBCXX_DEBUG",
				// "-D_GLIBCXX_DEBUG_PEDANTIC",
				// "-D_LIBCPP_DEBUG=1",

				// "-Wall",
				// "-Werror"
				// -"Wextra",
				// -"Wfatal",
			],
			"options": {
				"cwd": "${fileDirname}"
			},
			"problemMatcher": [
				"$gcc"
			],
			"group": "build",
			"detail": "compiler: /usr/bin/g++-11"
		}
	]
}