webinar-python-exam-review-2023-09-23

# Exam Review 2023 Sept 23

# Do those LABS
# Ch 2-14... all Labs!
# Ch 21-32 just ADDITIONAL LABS, but important practice!
# Prac Tests, Ch 33 and 34
# Use Submit Mode and get them to 100%!!! And PAY ATTENTION to the unit tests!

# Comp 1: Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc
# Comp 2: Control Flow
# Comp 3: Modules and Files

# Comp 1: Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc
# Common Data Types/Classes
# int
# float
# bool # True, False
# str # "" most important type?
# list # [ ]
# dict # {key:value}
# tuple # ( ) immutable, Python sees any a,b,c as (a,b,c)... return x,y --> return (x,y)
# set # { } all unique/ no duplicate values, no order... no indices, no slicing, no sorting
# range # range()... range(0, 4) --> [0, 1, 2, 3]

# Operators
# = # assigns
# == # asking if they're equal... a conditional expression
# +
# -
# *
# /
# % # modulo (remainder... whole number)... how many whole things didn't fit since the last even division?
# // # floor division... the last even division
# <
# > # x > 5... print(x>5)
# <=
# >=
# += # x = x+1
# -=
# ** # raise to a power... math.pow(x, y)... or built-in pow(x, y)
# != # not equals... not x == y
# # keywords
# in # if x in myList (with a dictionary in only looks at the keys)
# not # if not x in myList
# and
# or # any one True make the combo True... limit OR to 2-3 conditions

# Comp 2
# Control Flow! The HOW stuff
# IF statements... if, if/else, if/elif/else,
# LOOPS
# WHILE - an IF that repeats
# FOR - looping over a container, or a known number of times... hence range()
# for ___ in _someContainer_:
# for item in myList:
# for char in myStr:
# for key in myDict:  # getting the value... myDict[key]
# for num in range(0, 8):
# for i in range(len(myList)): # myList[i]
# for i, item in enumerate(myList):

# FUNCTIONS
# defining/writing vs calling
# a function has ONE particular job
# parameters (vs arguments)

# def someFunction(x, y):
#     return x+y
# # print("hey") # will cause failure
# if __name__ == "__main__": # is this the script that was run?
#     myInput = int(input())
#     myOther = int(input())
#     myNum = someFunction(myInput, myOther)
#     print(myNum)
#

# See "tasks" in the last section of Ch 10, 11, 13, 14 for function writing practice
# # CodingBat also has good function-based Python questions:
# https://codingbat.com/python

# BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS
# input()
# print()
# range()
# list()
# set()
# tuple()
# dict()
# str()
# int()
# float()
# min()
# max()
# sum()
# len()
# enumerate()
# type() # type(x).__name__
# round() # cousins math.floor() and math.ceil()
# open() # create a file/IO object

# help() # help(str) vs help(str.isspace)
# dir() # print(dir(str)), print(dir(list))

# STRINGS
# be able to refer by index, and slice
# myStr = "xyz"
# revStr = myStr[::-1] # mySlice[start:stop:step]
# print(revStr)

# KNOW YOUR WHITESPACE
# " " # space from spacebar
# # a lot of other spaces in Unicode
# \n # new line return
# \t # tab
# \r # carriage return

# see Ch 2.9 expectation printed output ends with a new line return, unless otherwise stated
print() # print(end="\n")

# STRING METHODS
# myStr.format() # "stuff I want to put together {}".format(var)
# myStr.strip()
# myStr.split() # returns a list of smaller strings
# " ".join(listOfStrings)
# myStr.replace(subStr, newStr) # "remove" myStr = myStr.replace(subStr, "")
# myStr.find(subStr) # return index where found, similar myStr.index()
# myStr.count(subStr) # return int count of occurrences
# case: myStr.lower(), myStr.upper(), myStr.title(), myStr.capitalize()
# is/Boolean: myStr.islower(), myStr.isupper(), myStr.isspace(), .isalpha(), .isalnum(), .isnumeric(), .isdigit()
# myStr.startswith(subStr), myStr.endswith(subStr)

# LISTS
# be able to slice, refer by index

# LIST METHODS
# # +
# myList.append(item)
# myList.insert(i, item)
# myList.extend(anotherList)
# # -
# myList.pop(i) # or last item
# myList.remove(item) # pop by index, remove by value
# myList.clear()
# # others
# myList.count(item)
# myList.sort()  # does not in return a value!
# myList.reverse() # does not in return a value!
# myList.copy()
# myList.index(item)

# DICT
# use the key like an index []... then you don't need DICT methods
# myDict[key] # retrieve the value for that key
# myDict[key] = value # assign a new value to that key
#
# # DICT METHODS
# myDict.keys()
# myDict.values()
# myDict.items() # for key, value in myDict.items()

# MODULES
# MATH MODULE
# import math # FULL IMPORT
# math.factorial(x)
# math.ceil(x.yz)
# math.floor(x.yz)
# math.pow(x, y) # not math.exp()
# math.sqrt(x)
# math.fabs(x) # built-in abs()
# math.pi
# math.e

# PARTIAL IMPORT
from math import ceil # ceil(x.yz)
from math import factorial, floor # factorial(x), floor(x), sqrt(x)
from math import * # ceil(y.z)

# ALIAS IMPORT
import math as m # m.floor(x.yz)

# FILES
# READ MODE
with open("test.txt", "r") as f:
    # file objects have file methods
    # f.read() # returns whole files as one str
    # f.readlines() # returns a list of strings, line by line
    # f.write() # writes to the file, in write or append modes
    contents = f.readlines()
# print(contents)

# CSV Module
import csv
with open("mock_data.csv", "r") as f1: # mockaroo.com
    contents = list(csv.reader(f1)) # contents = list(csv.reader(f1, delimiter="\t"))
# print(contents)


# WRITE MODE
with open("output_data26.csv", "w") as f2:
    for row in contents:
        # only write line to new file if last name begins with P
        # last name is pos 2 of each inner list, which is row
        if row[2][0] == "P":  # if row[2].startswith("P"):
            # one single str argument
            f2.write(",".join(row) + "\n")

# APPEND MODE
# with open("append_to_this.txt", "r") as f3:
#     print(f3.readlines())
with open("append_to_this.txt", "a") as f3:
    f3.write("Pippin\n") # take note of whether last line of provided file has a \n, and adjust as needed!