Timer.cs

using System.Collections.Generic;
#if UNITY_5_3_OR_NEWER
using System.Collections;
using System.Text;
using UnityEngine;
#if UNITY_EDITOR
using UnityEditor;
using System.Linq;
#endif
#endif

/* // example code:
Chrono.setTimeout (() => {
    Chrono.Log("This will print 3 seconds after setTimeout was called!");
}, 3000);
// Code above will work like you expect if Chrono.Update() is being called regularly, which will happen if Unity has at least one Timer or MainTimer instance.
*/

// author: [email protected]
// license: Copyfree, public domain. This is free code! Great artists, steal this code!
// latest version at: https://pastebin.com/raw/h61nAC3E -- (2020/11/26)
namespace NonStandard {
#if UNITY_5_3_OR_NEWER
    public class Timer : MonoBehaviour {
        [Tooltip("When to trigger"), ContextMenuItem("Create Main Timer", "CraeteMainTimer")]
        public float seconds = 1;
        [Tooltip("Transform to teleport to\nSceneAsset to load a new scene\nAudioClip to play audio\nGameObject to SetActivate(true)")]
        public ObjectPtr whatToActivate = new ObjectPtr();
        [Tooltip("restart a timer after triggering")]
        public bool repeat = false;
        [Tooltip("attempt to deactivate instead of activate")]
        public bool deactivate = false;
        public int a;

        private void DoTimer() {
            if (repeat) {
                Chrono.setTimeout(DoTimer, (long)(seconds * 1000));
            }
            Chrono.ScheduledTask todo = Chrono.setTimeout(whatToActivate.Data, (long)(seconds * 1000));
            todo.who = this;
            todo.activate = !deactivate;
        }
        private void Awake() { MainTimer.Instance(); }
        void Start() { if (whatToActivate.Data != null) { DoTimer(); } }

#if UNITY_EDITOR
        public void CreateMainTimer() {
            MainTimer found = FindObjectOfType<MainTimer>();
            if (found == null) {
                gameObject.AddComponent<MainTimer>();
            } else {
                Debug.LogWarning("will not create another " + nameof(MainTimer) + ", one already at " + found.transform.HierarchyPath());
            }
        }
#endif
    }

    public static class TransformExtention {
        public static string HierarchyPath(this Transform t) {
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            sb.Append(t.name);
            t = t.parent;
            while (t != null) {
                sb.Insert(0, t.name + "/");
                t = t.parent;
            }
            return sb.ToString();
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// a class that enables the timer queue to be observed in the editor at runtime
    /// </summary>
    public class MainTimer : MonoBehaviour {
        public Chrono timerQueue;
        [System.Serializable]
        public class PauseEvents {
            [Tooltip("do this when time is paused")] public UnityEngine.Events.UnityEvent onPause;
            [Tooltip("do this when time is unpaused")] public UnityEngine.Events.UnityEvent onUnpause;
        }
        public PauseEvents pauseEvents;

        public void Awake() {
            if (timerQueue != Chrono.Instance && timerQueue != null) { Chrono.Instance.Absorb(timerQueue); }
            timerQueue = Chrono.Instance;
            timerQueue.linkedToMainThread = System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread;
            timerQueue.Awake();
            timerQueue.onPause += () => { pauseEvents.onPause.Invoke(); };
            timerQueue.onUnpause += () => { pauseEvents.onUnpause.Invoke(); };
        }
        private void Start() { timerQueue.Start(); }
        public void Update() { timerQueue.Update(); }
        void Pause() { timerQueue.Pause(); }
        void Unpause() { timerQueue.Unpause(); }
        void OnApplicationPause(bool paused) { timerQueue.OnApplicationPause(paused); }
        void OnDisable() { timerQueue.OnDisable(); }
        void OnEnable() { timerQueue.OnEnable(); }
        private void OnApplicationQuit() { timerQueue.OnApplicationQuit(); }
#if UNITY_EDITOR
        public void OnValidate() { if (timerQueue == null) { timerQueue = Chrono.Instance; } timerQueue.OnValidate(); }
#endif

        internal static MainTimer s_instance;

        public static MainTimer Instance() {
            if (s_instance != null) return s_instance;
            s_instance = FindObjectOfType<MainTimer>();
            if (s_instance == null) { // if it doesn't exist
                GameObject g = new GameObject("<" + typeof(Chrono).Name + ">");
                s_instance = g.AddComponent<MainTimer>(); // create one
            }
            return s_instance;
        }
    }
#endif

    [System.Serializable]
    public class Chrono {
        // https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/api/system.timers.timer?redirectedfrom=MSDN&view=netframework-4.8
        // explicitly NOT using System.Timers.Timer because it's multi-threaded, and many Unity methods, notably the time keeping ones, must be called from the main thread.

        /// The singleton
        private static Chrono s_instance = null;
        /// [Tooltip("keeps track of how long each update takes. If a timer-update takes longer than this, stop executing events and do them later. Less than 0 for no limit, 0 for one event per update.")]
        public int maxMillisecondsPerUpdate = 100;
        private long maxTicksPerUpdate;
        public long updateCount { get; private set; }
        public static long UpdateCount => Instance.updateCount;
        /// queue of things to do using game time. use this for in-game events that can be paused or slowed down with time dialation.
        public List<ScheduledTask> queue = new List<ScheduledTask>();
        /// queue of things to do using real-time game time. use this for UI events, or things that use the real-world as a reference, that should always work at the same rate
        public List<ScheduledTask> queueRealtime = new List<ScheduledTask>();
        /// While this is zero, use system time. As soon as time becomes perturbed, by pause or time scale, this now keeps track of game-time. To reset time back to realtime, use SynchToRealtime()
        private long alternativeTicks = 0;
        /// [Tooltip("stop advancing time & executing the queue?")]
        public bool paused = false;
        private bool pausedLastFrame = false;
        internal System.Threading.Thread linkedToMainThread = null;
        /// The timer counts in milliseconds, Unity measures in fractions of a second. This value reconciles fractional milliseconds.
        private float leftOverTime = 0;
        /// if actions are interrupted, probably by a deadline, this keeps track of what was being done
        private List<ScheduledTask> _currentlyDoing = new List<ScheduledTask>();
        private int currentlyDoneThingIndex = 0;

        public System.Action onPause, onUnpause;

        [System.Serializable]
        public class ScheduledTask {
            public string description;
            /// Unix Epoch Time Milliseconds
            public long when;
            /// could be a delegate, or an executable object
            public object what;
            /// a parameter for 'who' wants this particular 'what' to be done, like a context.
            public object who;
            /// whether or not to DO or UN-do
            public bool activate = true;
            /// what could be a delegate, or an executable object, as executed by a Trigger
            public ScheduledTask(long when, object what, string description = null, object who = null) {
                if (description == null) {
                    if (what != null && typeof(System.Action).IsAssignableFrom(what.GetType())) {
                        System.Action a = what as System.Action;
                        description = a.Method.Name;
                    } else if (what != null) {
                        description = what.ToString();
                    }
                }
                this.description = description; this.when = when; this.what = what; this.who = who;
            }
            /// comparer, used to sort into a list
            public class Comparer : IComparer<ScheduledTask> {
                public int Compare(ScheduledTask x, ScheduledTask y) { return x.when.CompareTo(y.when); }
            }
            public static Comparer compare = new Comparer();
        }

        public static void Log(string text, bool error = false) {
#if UNITY_5_3_OR_NEWER
            if (error) Debug.LogError(text);
            else Debug.Log(text);
#else
            System.Console.WriteLine(text);
#endif
        }

        public static Chrono Instance => (s_instance != null) ? s_instance : s_instance = new Chrono();

        /// Unix Time: milliseconds since Jan 1 1970
        public static long NowRealtime { get { return System.DateTime.Now.Ticks / System.TimeSpan.TicksPerMillisecond; } }
        /// a time keeping mechanism that is very fast. no guarantees about the range of values, just that time is kept.
        public static long NowRealTicks { get { return System.Environment.TickCount; } }

        /// game time right now (modified by pausing or Time.timeScale)
        public long now { get { return (alternativeTicks == 0) ? NowRealtime : alternativeTicks; } }
        public long nowTicks { get { return (alternativeTicks == 0) ? NowRealTicks : alternativeTicks; } }

        /// game time right now (modified by pausing or Time.timeScale)
        public static long Now { get { return Instance.now; } }
        public static long NowTicks { get { return Instance.nowTicks; } }

        private static bool _quitting = false;
        public static bool Quitting { get { return _quitting; } internal set { _quitting = value; } }
        public void OnApplicationQuit() { _quitting = true; }

        /// clears the difference between game time and real time
        public void SyncToRealtime() { alternativeTicks = 0; }

        public void Absorb(Chrono otherTimerQueue) {
            for (int i = 0; i < otherTimerQueue.queue.Count; ++i) {
                ScheduledTask todo = otherTimerQueue.queue[i];
                queue.Insert(BestIndexFor(todo.when, queue), todo);
            }
            otherTimerQueue.queue.Clear();
            for (int i = 0; i < otherTimerQueue.queue.Count; ++i) {
                ScheduledTask todo = otherTimerQueue.queueRealtime[i];
                queueRealtime.Insert(BestIndexFor(todo.when, queueRealtime), todo);
            }
            otherTimerQueue.queueRealtime.Clear();
        }

        private int BestIndexFor(long soon, List<ScheduledTask> a_queue) {
            int index = 0;
            if (a_queue.Count < 8) { // for small lists (which happen A LOT), linear search is fine.
                for (index = 0; index < a_queue.Count; ++index) {
                    if (a_queue[index].when > soon) break;
                }
            } else {
                ScheduledTask toInsert = new ScheduledTask(soon, null);
                index = a_queue.BinarySearch(toInsert, ScheduledTask.compare);
                if (index < 0) { index = ~index; }
            }
            return index;
        }

        /// <summary>as the JavaScript function</summary>
        /// <param name="action">Action. an object to trigger, expected to be a delegate or System.Action</param>
        /// <param name="delayMilliseconds">Delay milliseconds.</param>
        public ScheduledTask SetTimeout(System.Action action, long delayMilliseconds) {
            return SetTimeout((object)action, delayMilliseconds);
        }
        /// <summary>as the JavaScript function</summary>
        /// <param name="action">Action. an object to trigger, expected to be a delegate or System.Action</param>
        /// <param name="delayMilliseconds">Delay milliseconds.</param>
        public ScheduledTask SetTimeout(object action, long delayMilliseconds) {
            long soon = nowTicks + delayMilliseconds;// * System.TimeSpan.TicksPerMillisecond;
            ScheduledTask todo = new ScheduledTask(soon, action);
            queue.Insert(BestIndexFor(soon, queue), todo);
            LinkedToMainThreadCheck();
            return todo;
        }

        public List<ScheduledTask> UnsetTimeout(object action) {
            List<ScheduledTask> unset = new List<ScheduledTask>();
            for (int i = queue.Count-1; i >= 0; --i) {
                if (queue[i].what == action) {
                    unset.Add(queue[i]);
                    queue.RemoveAt(i);
                }
            }
            return unset;
        }

        /// <summary>as the JavaScript function</summary>
        /// <param name="action">Action. an object to trigger, expected to be a delegate or System.Action</param>
        /// <param name="delayMilliseconds">Delay milliseconds.</param>
        public ScheduledTask SetTimeoutRealtime(object action, long delayMilliseconds) {
            long soon = NowRealTicks + delayMilliseconds;// * System.TimeSpan.TicksPerMillisecond;
            ScheduledTask todo = new ScheduledTask(soon, action);
            queueRealtime.Insert(BestIndexFor(soon, queueRealtime), todo);
            LinkedToMainThreadCheck();
            return todo;
        }

        public void LinkedToMainThreadCheck() {
            if (linkedToMainThread == null) {
                string extraMessage = "";
#if UNITY_5_3_OR_NEWER
                extraMessage = "Create a " + nameof(Timer) + " or " + nameof(MainTimer) + " instance";
#endif
                Log("timer queue given work without being bound to main thread. " + extraMessage, true);
            }
        }

        /// <param name="action">Action. what to do</param>
        /// <param name="delayMilliseconds">Delay milliseconds. in how-many-milliseconds to do it</param>
        public static ScheduledTask setTimeout(object action, long delayMilliseconds) {
            return Instance.SetTimeout(action, delayMilliseconds);
        }

        public static List<ScheduledTask> unsetTimeout(System.Action action) {
            return Instance.UnsetTimeout(action);
        }

        /// <param name="action">Action. what to do</param>
        /// <param name="delayMilliseconds">Delay milliseconds. in how-many-milliseconds to do it</param>
        public static ScheduledTask setTimeoutRealtime(object action, long delayMilliseconds) {
            return Instance.SetTimeoutRealtime(action, delayMilliseconds);
        }

        /// Allows implicit conversion of lambda expressions and delegates
        /// <param name="action">Action. what to do</param>
        /// <param name="delayMilliseconds">Delay milliseconds. in how-many-milliseconds to do it</param>
        public static ScheduledTask setTimeout(System.Action action, long delayMilliseconds) {
            return Instance.SetTimeout(action, delayMilliseconds);
        }

        /// <summary>Allows implicit conversion of lambda expressions and delegates</summary>
        /// <param name="action">Action. what to do</param>
        /// <param name="delayMilliseconds">Delay milliseconds. in how-many-milliseconds to do it</param>
        public static ScheduledTask setTimeoutRealtime(System.Action action, long delayMilliseconds) {
            return Instance.SetTimeoutRealtime(action, delayMilliseconds);
        }

        //void OnApplicationPause(bool paused) { if(alternativeTime == 0) { alternativeTime = now; } }
        public void Pause() { paused = true; }
        public void Unpause() { paused = false; }
        public void OnApplicationPause(bool paused) { if (alternativeTicks == 0) { alternativeTicks = nowTicks; } }
        public void OnDisable() { OnApplicationPause(true); }
        public void OnEnable() { OnApplicationPause(false); }

        /// used to handle pause/unpause behavior
        public delegate void BooleanAction(bool b);
        public static void EquateUnityEditorPauseWithApplicationPause(BooleanAction b) {
#if UNITY_EDITOR
            // This method is run whenever the playmode state is changed.
            UnityEditor.EditorApplication.pauseStateChanged += (UnityEditor.PauseState ps) => {
                b(ps == UnityEditor.PauseState.Paused);
            };
#endif
        }

        protected void Init() { EquateUnityEditorPauseWithApplicationPause(OnApplicationPause); }

        public void Awake() {
            if (s_instance != null && s_instance != this) { throw new System.Exception("There should only be one " + GetType()); }
            s_instance = this;
        }

        void RefreshTiming() { maxTicksPerUpdate = maxMillisecondsPerUpdate * System.TimeSpan.TicksPerMillisecond; }

#if UNITY_EDITOR
        public void OnValidate() { RefreshTiming(); }
#endif

        public void Start() { Init(); RefreshTiming(); }

        public void Update() {
            updateCount++;
            // handle pause behavior
            if (paused) {
                if (!pausedLastFrame) {
                    alternativeTicks = nowTicks;
                    if (onPause != null) { onPause.Invoke(); }
                    pausedLastFrame = true;
                }
            } else if (pausedLastFrame) {
                if (onUnpause != null) { onUnpause.Invoke(); }
                pausedLastFrame = false;
            }
            // pump the timer queues, both realtime (takes priority) and game-time
            long now_t, nowForReals = NowRealTicks;
            long deadline = nowForReals + maxTicksPerUpdate;
            int thingsDone = 0;
            if (queueRealtime.Count > 0) {
                thingsDone = DoWhatIsNeededNow(queueRealtime, nowForReals, deadline);
            }
            if (queue.Count > 0 && !paused) {
                if (alternativeTicks == 0) {
                    now_t = nowForReals;
#if UNITY_5_3_OR_NEWER
                    if (Time.timeScale != 1) { alternativeTicks = now_t; }
#endif
                } else {
                    float deltaTimeTicks =
#if UNITY_5_3_OR_NEWER
                    (Time.deltaTime * 1000);
#else
                    (__lastUpdate != 0) ? (NowRealTicks - __lastUpdate) : 0;
#endif
                    long deltaTimeTicksLong = (long)(deltaTimeTicks + leftOverTime);
                    alternativeTicks += deltaTimeTicksLong;
                    leftOverTime = deltaTimeTicks - deltaTimeTicksLong;
                    now_t = alternativeTicks;
                }
                if (thingsDone == 0 || now_t < deadline) {
                    thingsDone += DoWhatIsNeededNow(queue, now_t, deadline);
                }
            }
#if !UNITY_5_3_OR_NEWER
            __lastUpdate = NowRealTicks;
#endif
        }
#if !UNITY_5_3_OR_NEWER
        private long __lastUpdate = 0;
#endif

        int DoWhatIsNeededNow(List<ScheduledTask> a_queue, long now_t, long deadline) {
            bool tryToDoMore;
            int thingsDone = 0;
            do {
                tryToDoMore = false;
                if (a_queue.Count > 0 && a_queue[0].when <= now_t) {
                    if (_currentlyDoing.Count == 0) {
                        // the things to do in the queue might add to the queue, so to prevent infinite looping...
                        // separate out the elements to do right now
                        for (int i = 0; i < a_queue.Count; ++i) {
                            if (a_queue[i].when > now_t) { break; }
                            _currentlyDoing.Add(a_queue[i]);
                        }
                        // if there's nothing to do, get out of this potential loop
                        if (_currentlyDoing.Count == 0) { break; }
                        a_queue.RemoveRange(0, _currentlyDoing.Count);
                        tryToDoMore = false;
                    }
                    // do what is scheduled to do right now
                    while (currentlyDoneThingIndex < _currentlyDoing.Count) {
                        ScheduledTask todo = _currentlyDoing[currentlyDoneThingIndex++];
                        // if DoActivate adds to the queue, it won't get executed this cycle
                        NonStandard.ActivateAnything.DoActivate(todo.what, this, todo.who, todo.activate);
                        ++thingsDone;
                        // if it took too long to do that thing, stop and hold the rest of the things to do till later.
                        if (maxTicksPerUpdate >= 0 && NowRealTicks > deadline) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                    if (currentlyDoneThingIndex >= _currentlyDoing.Count) {
                        _currentlyDoing.Clear();
                        currentlyDoneThingIndex = 0;
                        tryToDoMore = NowRealTicks < deadline && a_queue.Count > 0;
                    }
                }
            } while (tryToDoMore);
            return thingsDone;
        }
    }

    /// This class serves as a store for static Utility functions related to 'activating things'.
    public static class ActivateAnything {
        /// <summary>'Activates' something, in a ways that is possibly specific to circumstances.</summary>
        /// <param name="whatToActivate">what needs to be activated. In "The straw that broke the camel's back", this is the "camel's back", which we can assume is breaking (or unbreaking?) during this function.</param>
        /// <param name="causedActivate">what triggered the activation. In "The straw that broke the camel's back", this is "the straw". Depending on the straw, breaking may happen differently.</param>
        /// <param name="doingActivate">what is doing the activation. In "The straw that broke the camel's back", this is "the camel".</param>
        /// <param name="activate">whether to activate or deactivate. In "The straw that broke the camel's back", this is whether to break or unbreak the-camel's-back.</param>
        /// <param name="delayInSeconds">Delay in seconds.</param>
        public static void DoActivate(
            object whatToActivate, object causedActivate, object doingActivate, bool activate,
            float delayInSeconds
        ) {
            if (delayInSeconds <= 0) {
                DoActivate(whatToActivate, causedActivate, doingActivate, activate);
            } else {
                Chrono.setTimeout(() => {
                    DoActivate(whatToActivate, causedActivate, doingActivate, activate);
                }, (long)(delayInSeconds * 1000));
            }
        }

        /// <summary>'Activates' something, in a ways that is possibly specific to circumstances.</summary>
        /// <param name="whatToActivate">what needs to be activated. In "The straw that broke the camel's back", this is the "camel's back", which we can assume is breaking (or unbreaking?) during this function.</param>
        /// <param name="causedActivate">what triggered the activation. In "The straw that broke the camel's back", this is "the (1?) straw". Depending on the straw, or straw count, breaking may happen differently.</param>
        /// <param name="doingActivate">what is doing the activation. In "The straw that broke the camel's back", this is "the camel", or possibly, "the straw".</param>
        /// <param name="activate">whether to activate or deactivate. In "The straw that broke the camel's back", this is whether to break or unbreak the-camel's-back.</param>
        public static void DoActivate(
            object whatToActivate, object causedActivate, object doingActivate, bool activate
        ) {
            if (whatToActivate == null) { Chrono.Log("Don't know how to activate null"); return; }
            if (whatToActivate is IReference) {
                whatToActivate = ((IReference)whatToActivate).Dereference();
            }
            System.Type type = whatToActivate.GetType();
            if (typeof(System.Action).IsAssignableFrom(type)) {
                System.Action a = whatToActivate as System.Action;
                a.Invoke();
#if UNITY_5_3_OR_NEWER
            } else if (typeof(UnityEngine.Events.UnityEvent).IsAssignableFrom(type)) {
                UnityEngine.Events.UnityEvent a = whatToActivate as UnityEngine.Events.UnityEvent;
                a.Invoke();
            } else if (type == typeof(Transform)) {
                Transform targetLocation = ConvertToTransform(whatToActivate);
                Transform toMove = ConvertToTransform(causedActivate);
                if (toMove != null) {
                    toMove.position = targetLocation.position;
                }
            } else if (type == typeof(AudioClip) || type == typeof(AudioSource)) {
                AudioSource asource = null;
                if (type == typeof(AudioSource)) {
                    asource = whatToActivate as AudioSource;
                }
                if (asource == null) {
                    GameObject go = ConvertToGameObject(doingActivate);
                    if (go != null) {
                        asource = go.AddComponent<AudioSource>();
                    } else {
                        throw new System.Exception("can't create audio without a game object to put it on.");
                    }
                }
                if (type == typeof(AudioClip)) {
                    asource.clip = whatToActivate as AudioClip;
                }
                if (activate) {
                    asource.Play();
                } else {
                    asource.Stop();
                }
            } else if (type == typeof(ParticleSystem)) {
                ParticleSystem ps = whatToActivate as ParticleSystem;
                if (activate) {
                    Transform t = ps.transform;
                    GameObject go = ConvertToGameObject(doingActivate);
                    t.position = go.transform.position;
                    t.rotation = go.transform.rotation;
                    ParticleSystem.ShapeModule sm = ps.shape;
                    if (sm.shapeType == ParticleSystemShapeType.Mesh) {
                        sm.mesh = go.GetComponent<MeshFilter>().mesh;
                        sm.scale = go.transform.lossyScale;
                    } else if (sm.shapeType == ParticleSystemShapeType.MeshRenderer) {
                        sm.meshRenderer = go.GetComponent<MeshRenderer>();
                    }
                    ps.Play();
                } else {
                    ps.Stop();
                }
            } else if (type == typeof(GameObject)) {
                GameObject go = (whatToActivate as GameObject);
                if (go == null) {
                    Debug.LogWarning("GameObject destroyed?");
                } else {
                    go.SetActive(activate);
                }
            } else if (type == typeof(UnityEngine.Color)) {
                GameObject go = ConvertToGameObject(doingActivate);
                RememberedOriginalColor r = go.GetComponent<RememberedOriginalColor>();
                if (activate) {
                    Color c = (Color)whatToActivate;
                    if (r == null) {
                        r = go.AddComponent<RememberedOriginalColor>();
                        r.oldColor = go.GetComponent<Renderer>().material.color;
                    }
                    go.GetComponent<Renderer>().material.color = c;
                } else {
                    if (r != null) {
                        go.GetComponent<Renderer>().material.color = r.oldColor;
                        UnityEngine.Object.Destroy(r);
                    }
                }
            } else if (type == typeof(UnityEngine.Material)) {
                GameObject go = ConvertToGameObject(doingActivate);
                RememberedOriginalMaterial r = go.GetComponent<RememberedOriginalMaterial>();
                if (activate) {
                    Material m = whatToActivate as Material;
                    if (r == null) {
                        r = go.AddComponent<RememberedOriginalMaterial>();
                        r.oldMaterial = go.GetComponent<Renderer>().material;
                    }
                    go.GetComponent<Renderer>().material = m;
                } else {
                    if (r != null) {
                        go.GetComponent<Renderer>().material = r.oldMaterial;
                        UnityEngine.Object.Destroy(r);
                    }
                }
            } else if (typeof(IEnumerable).IsAssignableFrom(type)) {
                IEnumerable ienum = whatToActivate as IEnumerable;
                IEnumerator iter = ienum.GetEnumerator();
                while (iter.MoveNext()) {
                    DoActivate(iter.Current, causedActivate, doingActivate, activate);
                }
            } else if (type == typeof(Animation)) {
                if (activate) {
                    (whatToActivate as Animation).Play();
                } else {
                    (whatToActivate as Animation).Stop();
                }
#endif
            } else {
                System.Reflection.MethodInfo[] m = type.GetMethods();
                bool invoked = false;
                for (int i = 0; i < m.Length; ++i) {
                    System.Reflection.MethodInfo method = m[i];
                    if ((activate && method.Name == "DoActivateTrigger")
                    || (!activate && method.Name == "DoDeactivateTrigger")) {
                        switch (method.GetParameters().Length) {
                        case 0: method.Invoke(whatToActivate, new object[] { }); invoked = true; break;
                        case 1: method.Invoke(whatToActivate, new object[] { causedActivate }); invoked = true; break;
                        case 2: method.Invoke(whatToActivate, new object[] { causedActivate, doingActivate }); invoked = true; break;
                        }
                        break;
                    }
                }
                if (!invoked) {
                    Chrono.Log("Don't know how to " + ((activate) ? "DoActivateTrigger" : "DoDeactivateTrigger") + " a \'" + type + "\' (" + whatToActivate + ") with \'" + doingActivate + "\', triggered by \'" + causedActivate + "\'", true);
                }
            }
        }
#if UNITY_5_3_OR_NEWER
        public class RememberedOriginalMaterial : MonoBehaviour { public Material oldMaterial; }
        public class RememberedOriginalColor : MonoBehaviour { public Color oldColor; }

        public static GameObject ConvertToGameObject(object obj) {
            if (obj is GameObject) { return obj as GameObject; }
            if (obj is Component) { return (obj as Component).gameObject; }
            if (obj is Collision) { return (obj as Collision).gameObject; }
            if (obj is Collision2D) { return (obj as Collision2D).gameObject; }
            return null;
        }

        public static Transform ConvertToTransform(object obj) {
            if (obj is Transform) { return obj as Transform; }
            GameObject go = ConvertToGameObject(obj);
            if (go != null) { return go.transform; }
            return null;
        }
#endif
    }

    public interface IReference { object Dereference(); }

#if UNITY_5_3_OR_NEWER
    [System.Serializable]
    public struct ObjectPtr : IReference {
        public Object data;
        public Object Data { get { return data; } set { data = value; } }
        public object Dereference() {
            return data;
        }
        public TYPE GetAs<TYPE>() where TYPE : class { return data as TYPE; }
    }
#endif

#if UNITY_EDITOR
    // used to get lists of classes for the ObjectPtr property
    public static class Reflection {
        public static System.Type[] GetTypesInNamespace(string nameSpace, bool includeComponentTypes = false, System.Reflection.Assembly assembly = null) {
            if (assembly == null) {
                assembly = System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
            }
            System.Type[] types = assembly.GetTypes().Where(t =>
                System.String.Equals(t.Namespace, nameSpace, System.StringComparison.Ordinal)
                && (includeComponentTypes || !t.ToString().Contains('+'))).ToArray();
            return types;
        }
        public static string CleanFront(string str, string trimMe) {
            if (str.StartsWith(trimMe)) { return str.Substring(trimMe.Length); }
            return str;
        }
        public static List<string> TypeNamesCleaned(System.Type[] validTypes, string namespaceToClean) {
            List<string> list = new List<string>();
            for (int i = 0; i < validTypes.Length; ++i) {
                string typename = validTypes[i].ToString();
                typename = CleanFront(typename, namespaceToClean + ".");
                list.Add(typename);
            }
            return list;
        }

        public static T EditorGUI_EnumPopup<T>(Rect _position, T value) {
            System.Type t = typeof(T);
            if (t.IsEnum) {
                string[] names = System.Enum.GetNames(t);
                string thisone = value.ToString();
                int index = System.Array.IndexOf(names, thisone);
                index = EditorGUI.Popup(_position, index, names);
                value = (T)System.Enum.Parse(t, names[index]);
            }
            return value;
        }
    }
#endif
}

#if UNITY_EDITOR
// used to create scriptable objects with the ObjectPtr property
public static class ScriptableObjectUtility {
    /// This makes it easy to create, name and place unique new ScriptableObject asset files.
    public static T CreateAsset<T>() where T : ScriptableObject { return CreateAsset(typeof(T)) as T; }
    public static ScriptableObject CreateAsset(System.Type t, string filename = "", string path = "") {
        ScriptableObject asset = ScriptableObject.CreateInstance(t);
        string whereItWasSaved = SaveScriptableObjectAsAsset(asset, filename, path);
        asset = Resources.Load(whereItWasSaved, t) as ScriptableObject;
        return asset;
    }

    public static string SaveScriptableObjectAsAsset(ScriptableObject asset, string filename = "", string path = "") {
        System.Type t = asset.GetType();
        if (path == "") {
            path = AssetDatabase.GetAssetPath(Selection.activeObject);
            if (path == "") {
                path = UnityEngine.SceneManagement.SceneManager.GetActiveScene().path;//"Assets";
                Debug.Log(path);
                int idx = path.LastIndexOf("/");
                if (idx < 0) {
                    path = "Assets";
                } else {
                    path = path.Substring(0, idx);
                    if (filename == "") {
                        string typename = t.ToString();
                        int idx2 = typename.LastIndexOf(".");
                        if (idx > 0) { typename = typename.Substring(idx2); }
                        filename = UnityEngine.SceneManagement.SceneManager.GetActiveScene().name + typename + ".asset";
                    }
                    Debug.Log(path + " //// " + filename);
                }
                //              Debug.Log(UnityEngine.SceneManagement.SceneManager.GetActiveScene().path);
            } else if (System.IO.Path.GetExtension(path) != "") {
                path = path.Replace(System.IO.Path.GetFileName(AssetDatabase.GetAssetPath(Selection.activeObject)), "");
            }
        }
        if (filename.Length == 0) { filename = "New " + t.ToString() + ".asset"; }
        string fullpath = path + "/" + filename;
        string assetPathAndName = AssetDatabase.GenerateUniqueAssetPath(fullpath);
        AssetDatabase.CreateAsset(asset, assetPathAndName);
        AssetDatabase.SaveAssets();
        AssetDatabase.Refresh();
        EditorUtility.FocusProjectWindow();
        Selection.activeObject = asset;
        Debug.Log("saved " + fullpath);
        return fullpath;
    }
}

// enables the ObjectPtr property, not fully utilized by Timer, but certainly utilized by NonStandardAssets
[CustomPropertyDrawer(typeof(NonStandard.ObjectPtr))]
public class PropertyDrawer_ObjectPtr : PropertyDrawer {
    delegate Object SelectNextObjectFunction();
    public static bool showLabel = true;
    public int choice = 0;
    string[] choices_name = { };
    SelectNextObjectFunction[] choices_selectFunc = { };
    Object choicesAreFor;
    System.Type[] possibleResponses;
    string[] cached_typeCreationList_names;
    SelectNextObjectFunction[] cached_TypeCreationList_function;

    public static string setToNull = "set to null", delete = "delete";
    public static float defaultOptionWidth = 16, defaultLabelWidth = 48, unitHeight = 16;
    /// <summary>The namespaces to get default selectable classes from</summary>
    protected virtual string[] GetNamespacesForNewComponentOptions() { return null; }

    public override float GetPropertyHeight(SerializedProperty _property, GUIContent label) {
        return StandardCalcPropertyHeight();
    }

    public static float StandardCalcPropertyHeight() {
        // SerializedProperty asset = _property.FindPropertyRelative("data");
        return unitHeight;//base.GetPropertyHeight (asset, label);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// When the ObjectPtr points to nothing, this method generates the objects that can be created by default
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="self">Self.</param>
    /// <param name="names">Names.</param>
    /// <param name="functions">Functions.</param>
    private void GenerateTypeCreationList(Component self, out string[] names, out SelectNextObjectFunction[] functions) {
        List<string> list = new List<string>();
        List<SelectNextObjectFunction> list_of_data = new List<SelectNextObjectFunction>();
        string[] theList = GetNamespacesForNewComponentOptions();
        if (theList != null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < theList.Length; ++i) {
                string namespaceName = theList[i];
                possibleResponses = NonStandard.Reflection.GetTypesInNamespace(namespaceName);
                list.AddRange(NonStandard.Reflection.TypeNamesCleaned(possibleResponses, namespaceName));
                for (int t = 0; t < possibleResponses.Length; t++) {
                    System.Type nextT = possibleResponses[t];
                    list_of_data.Add(() => {
                        return CreateSelectedClass(nextT, self);
                    });
                }
            }
        }
        list.Insert(0, (theList != null) ? "<-- select Object or create..." : "<-- select Object");
        list_of_data.Insert(0, null);
        names = list.ToArray();
        functions = list_of_data.ToArray();
    }

    private void CleanTypename(ref string typename) {
        int lastDot = typename.LastIndexOf('.');
        if (lastDot >= 0) { typename = typename.Substring(lastDot + 1); }
    }

    private void GenerateChoicesForSelectedObject(Component self, out string[] names, out SelectNextObjectFunction[] functions) {
        List<string> components = new List<string>();
        List<SelectNextObjectFunction> nextSelectionFunc = new List<SelectNextObjectFunction>();
        string typename = choicesAreFor.GetType().ToString();
        CleanTypename(ref typename);
        components.Add(typename);
        nextSelectionFunc.Add(null);
        GameObject go = choicesAreFor as GameObject;
        bool addSetToNull = true;
        Object addDelete = null;
        if (go != null) {
            Component[] c = go.GetComponents<Component>();
            for (int i = 0; i < c.Length; i++) {
                Component comp = c[i];
                if (comp != self) {
                    typename = comp.GetType().ToString();
                    CleanTypename(ref typename);
                    components.Add(typename);
                    nextSelectionFunc.Add(() => { return comp; });
                }
            }
            addSetToNull = true;
        } else if (choicesAreFor is Component) {
            components.Add(".gameObject");
            GameObject gob = (choicesAreFor as Component).gameObject;
            nextSelectionFunc.Add(() => { return gob; });
            addSetToNull = true;
            addDelete = choicesAreFor;
        }
        if (addSetToNull) {
            components.Add(setToNull);
            nextSelectionFunc.Add(() => {
                choice = 0; return null;
            });
        }
        if (addDelete != null) {
            components.Add(delete);
            nextSelectionFunc.Add(() => {
                //Object.DestroyImmediate(addDelete);
                itemsToCleanup.Add(addDelete);
                choice = 0; return null;
            });
        }
        names = components.ToArray();
        functions = nextSelectionFunc.ToArray();
    }

    [ExecuteInEditMode]
    private class IndirectCleaner : MonoBehaviour {
        public List<Object> itemsToCleanup;
        private void Update() {
            for (int i = itemsToCleanup.Count - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
                Object o = itemsToCleanup[i];
                if (o != null) { Object.DestroyImmediate(o); }
            }
            itemsToCleanup.Clear();
            DestroyImmediate(this); // cleaning lady disposes of herself too
        }
    }
    private List<Object> itemsToCleanup = new List<Object>();
    private void RequestCleanup(Component self) {
        // if any items need to be deleted, don't do it now! the UI is in the middle of being drawn!
        // create a separate process that will do it for you
        IndirectCleaner cleaner = self.gameObject.AddComponent<IndirectCleaner>();
        cleaner.itemsToCleanup = this.itemsToCleanup;
    }

    /// <summary>called right after an object is assigned</summary>
    public virtual Object FilterImmidiate(Object obj, Component self) {
        return obj;
    }

    /// <summary>called right after a new component is created to be assigned</summary>
    protected virtual Object FilterNewComponent(System.Type nextT, Component self, Component newlyCreatedComponent) {
        return newlyCreatedComponent;
    }

    /// <summary>called just before UI is finished. This is the last chance to adjust the new setting.</summary>
    public virtual Object FilterFinal(Object newObjToReference, Object prevObj, Component self) {
        return newObjToReference;
    }

    private Object CreateSelectedClass(System.Type nextT, Component self) {
        Object obj = null;
        if (self != null && self.gameObject != null) {
            GameObject go = self.gameObject;
            if (nextT.IsSubclassOf(typeof(ScriptableObject))) {
                obj = ScriptableObjectUtility.CreateAsset(nextT);
            } else {
                Component newComponent = go.AddComponent(nextT);
                obj = FilterNewComponent(nextT, self, newComponent);
            }
        }
        return obj;
    }

    public static SerializedProperty ObjectPtrAsset(SerializedProperty _property) {
        SerializedProperty asset = _property.FindPropertyRelative("data");
        //asset = asset.FindPropertyRelative("data");
        return asset;
    }

    public override void OnGUI(Rect _position, SerializedProperty _property, GUIContent _label) {
        EditorGUI.BeginProperty(_position, GUIContent.none, _property);
        SerializedProperty asset = ObjectPtrAsset(_property);
        int oldIndent = EditorGUI.indentLevel;
        EditorGUI.indentLevel = 0;
        if (PropertyDrawer_ObjectPtr.showLabel) {
            _position = EditorGUI.PrefixLabel(_position, GUIUtility.GetControlID(FocusType.Passive), _label);
        }
        Component self = _property.serializedObject.targetObject as Component;
        if (asset != null) {
            Object prevObj = asset.objectReferenceValue;
            asset.objectReferenceValue = EditorGUIObjectReference(_position, asset.objectReferenceValue, self);
            asset.objectReferenceValue = FilterFinal(asset.objectReferenceValue, prevObj, self);
            //Contingentable cself = self as Contingentable;
            //if(prevObj != asset.objectReferenceValue && cself != null && cself.ContingencyRecursionCheck() != null) {
            //  Debug.LogWarning("Disallowing recursion of " + asset.objectReferenceValue);
            //  asset.objectReferenceValue = prevObj;
            //}
        }
        EditorGUI.indentLevel = oldIndent;
        EditorGUI.EndProperty();
        if (itemsToCleanup.Count != 0) { RequestCleanup(self); }
    }

    // TODO rename this to DoGUI
    public virtual Object EditorGUIObjectReference(Rect _position, Object obj, Component self) {
        int oldIndent = EditorGUI.indentLevel;
        EditorGUI.indentLevel = 0;
        obj = StandardEditorGUIObjectReference(_position, obj, self);
        EditorGUI.indentLevel = oldIndent;
        return obj;
    }

    public Object ShowObjectPtrChoicesPopup(Rect _position, Object obj, Component self, bool recalculateChoices) {
        // if the object needs to have it's alternate forms calculated
        if (recalculateChoices || choicesAreFor != obj || choices_name.Length == 0) {
            choicesAreFor = obj;
            // if these choices are for an actual object
            if (choicesAreFor != null) {
                GenerateChoicesForSelectedObject(self, out choices_name, out choices_selectFunc);
                choice = 0;
            } else {
                if (cached_typeCreationList_names == null) {
                    GenerateTypeCreationList(self,
                        out cached_typeCreationList_names, out cached_TypeCreationList_function);
                }
                choices_name = cached_typeCreationList_names;
                choices_selectFunc = cached_TypeCreationList_function;
            }
        }
        // give the alternate options for the object
        int lastChoice = choice;
        _position.x += _position.width;
        _position.width = defaultOptionWidth;
        choice = EditorGUI.Popup(_position, choice, choices_name);
        if (lastChoice != choice) {
            if (choices_selectFunc[choice] != null) {
                obj = choices_selectFunc[choice]();
            }
        }
        return obj;
    }

    public Object StandardEditorGUIObjectReference(Rect _position, Object obj, Component self) {
        float originalWidth = _position.width;
        _position.width = originalWidth - defaultOptionWidth;
        Object prevSelection = obj;
        obj = EditorGUI.ObjectField(_position, obj, typeof(Object), true);
        obj = FilterImmidiate(obj, self);
        obj = ShowObjectPtrChoicesPopup(_position, obj, self, obj != prevSelection);
        return obj;
    }

    public Object DoGUIEnumLabeledString<T>(Rect _position, Object obj, Component self,
        ref T enumValue, ref string textValue) {
        int oldindent = EditorGUI.indentLevel;
        EditorGUI.indentLevel = 0;
        Rect r = _position;
        float w = defaultOptionWidth, wl = defaultLabelWidth;
        r.width = wl;
        enumValue = NonStandard.Reflection.EditorGUI_EnumPopup<T>(r, enumValue);
        r.x += r.width;
        r.width = _position.width - w - wl;
        textValue = EditorGUI.TextField(r, textValue);
        obj = ShowObjectPtrChoicesPopup(r, obj, self, true);
        r.x += r.width;
        r.width = w;
        EditorGUI.indentLevel = oldindent;
        return obj;
    }
    public Object DoGUIEnumLabeledObject<T>(Rect _position, Object obj, Component self,
        ref T enumValue, ref Object objectValue) {
        int oldindent = EditorGUI.indentLevel;
        EditorGUI.indentLevel = 0;
        Rect r = _position;
        float w = defaultOptionWidth, wl = defaultLabelWidth;
        r.width = wl;
        enumValue = NonStandard.Reflection.EditorGUI_EnumPopup<T>(r, enumValue);
        r.x += r.width;
        r.width = _position.width - w - wl;
        objectValue = EditorGUI.ObjectField(r, objectValue, typeof(Object), true);
        obj = FilterImmidiate(obj, self);
        obj = ShowObjectPtrChoicesPopup(r, obj, self, true);
        r.x += r.width;
        r.width = w;
        EditorGUI.indentLevel = oldindent;
        return obj;
    }
}
#endif