walk_through_the_matrix_with_arrow_keys_v1.c

/*

    walk_through_the_matrix_with_arrow_keys_v1.c

    Task:
https://web.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=674784286651178&set=pcb.1568892626602915&type=3&theater&ifg=1

    Walk through the matrix with arrow keys.
    Start position is on the upper left corner.
    End position is on the down right corner.

Author Dragan Milicev
https://web.facebook.com/dmilicev

Tested on Windows 7.

Let me know of any errors (bugs) in the code you encountered, please.

*/


// ----------BEGIN OF PROGRAM--------------------------------------------------

#include <stdio.h>
//#include <conio.h>          // for _getch() and _getche()
#include <string.h>         // for puts()
#include <windows.h>
// tracking cursor all the time, for cursor position functions
// gotoxy(x,y) , wherex() , wherey(), showcursor(), hidecursor()

#define UP          72      // up arrow
#define DOWN        80      // down arrow
#define LEFT        75      // left arrow
#define RIGHT       77      // right arrow
#define ESC         27      // Escape key


// Global variables
char trace[1000];           // array for trace
int  movements = 0;         // movements counter
int finish = 0;             // flag, if 1 then cursor is on finish down right position

/*
In array trace[]
1 - Up
2 - Down
3 - Left
4 - Right
*/


// ----------CURSOR CONTROL FUNCTIONS------------------------------------------

// place cursor at position ( x, y ) = ( column, row )
void gotoxy( int column, int row )
{
    COORD coord;

    coord.X = column;
    coord.Y = row;

    SetConsoleCursorPosition( GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), coord );
}

// return x coordinate (column) of current cursor position
// on failure return -1
int wherex()
{
    CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbi;

    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo( GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE), &csbi ) )
        return -1;

    return csbi.dwCursorPosition.X;
}

// return y coordinate (row) of current cursor position
// on failure return -1
int wherey()
{
    CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO csbi;

    if (!GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo( GetStdHandle( STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE ), &csbi ) )
        return -1;

    return csbi.dwCursorPosition.Y;
}

// END OF-----CURSOR CONTROL FUNCTIONS------------------------------------------


// print matrix dimension x,y
void print_matrix( int width, int height )
{
    int x, y;
    char str[100];

    sprintf(str,"%c",'o');
    for( y=0; y<height; y++ )
        for( x=0; x<width; x++ )
        {
            gotoxy(x,y);
            fputs(str, stdout);
        }

    gotoxy(width,height);   // finish position
    putchar('F');
    gotoxy(0,0);            // first position
    putchar('S');
    gotoxy(0,0);
} // print_matrix()


// ----------FUNCTIONS TO MOVE CURSOR -----------------------------------------

// Move cursor up, print 1, trace[movements++]=1
void move_up( int x, int y, int width, int heigth )
{
    if( y>0 && y<heigth )
    {
        gotoxy(x,y-1);
        putchar('1');
        gotoxy(x,y-1);
        trace[movements++] = 1;
    }
}

// Move cursor down, print 1, trace[movements++]=2
void move_down( int x, int y, int width, int heigth )
{
    if( y>=0 && y<heigth-1 )
    {
        gotoxy(x,y+1);
        putchar('2');
        gotoxy(x,y+1);
        trace[movements++] = 2;
    }
}

// Move cursor left, print 1, trace[movements++]=3
void move_left( int x, int y, int width, int heigth )
{
    if( x>0 && x<width )
    {
        gotoxy(x-1,y);
        putchar('3');
        gotoxy(x-1,y);
        trace[movements++] = 3;
    }
}

// Move cursor right, print 1, trace[movements++]=4
void move_right( int x, int y, int width, int heigth )
{
    if( x>=0 && x<width-1 )
    {
        gotoxy(x+1,y);
        putchar('4');
        gotoxy(x+1,y);
        trace[movements++] = 4;
    }
}

// END OF----FUNCTIONS TO MOVE CURSOR -----------------------------------------


// ----------KEYBOARD CONTROL--------------------------------------------------

/*
    Keyboard control:

UP          up arrow
DOWN        down arrow
LEFT        left arrow
RIGHT       right arrow

Key Escape, ESC (27) for quit.
*/

int keyboard_control( int width, int heigth )
{
    int choice;                                 // for pressed key

    while( 1 ) {                    // an infinite loop that exits with choice Ecsape, ESC (27)

        choice = _getch();                      // read the keyboard

        if( choice == 0 || choice == 224 )      // if is pressed function key with leading 0 or 224
        {
            choice = _getch();                  // let's empty that 0 or 224

            if( choice == UP )                  // if pressed up arrow
            {
                move_up( wherex(), wherey() , width, heigth );
            }

            if( choice == DOWN )                // if pressed down arrow
            {
                move_down( wherex(), wherey() , width, heigth );
            }

            if( choice == LEFT )                // if pressed left arrow
            {
                move_left( wherex(), wherey() , width, heigth );
            }

            if( choice == RIGHT )               // if pressed right arrow
            {
                move_right( wherex(), wherey() , width, heigth );
            }

        } // end of: if is pressed function key with leading 0 or 224
        else    // if pressed ordinary keys
        {
            if( choice == ESC )                 // if is pressed ESC
            {
                return( choice );               // end of work
            }

        } // end of: if pressed ordinary keys

        if( (wherex()==width-1) && (wherey()==heigth-1) )
            return( choice );                   // end of work, cursor is on down right position

    } // end of: while( 1 )

    return( choice );                           // have to return something
}

// END OF----KEYBOARD CONTROL--------------------------------------------------


int main(void)
{
    int i, width=10, height=10, left=0, right=0, up=0, down=0;

    print_matrix(width,height);

    keyboard_control(width,height);

    gotoxy( 0, height+3 );

    printf(" There was %d movements. \n\n", movements);
    printf(" Trace is: ");

    for(i=0; i<movements; i++)
    {
        printf("%2d", trace[i]);
        if(trace[i]==1)
            up++;
        if(trace[i]==2)
            down++;
        if(trace[i]==3)
            left++;
        if(trace[i]==4)
            right++;
    }

    printf("\n\n There are %2d up    (1) movements. \n", up);
    printf("\n There are %2d down  (2) movements. \n", down);
    printf("\n There are %2d left  (3) movements. \n", left);
    printf("\n There are %2d right (4) movements. \n\n", right);

    return 0;
}