JPEG data read from UART camera

#region Namespace Inclusions
using System;
using System.Linq;
using System.Data;
using System.Text;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using SerialPortTerminal.Properties;
using System.Threading;
using System.IO;
#endregion

namespace SerialPortTerminal
{
  #region Public Enumerations
  public enum DataMode { Text, Hex }
  public enum LogMsgType { Incoming, Outgoing, Normal, Warning, Error };
  #endregion

  public partial class frmTerminal : Form
  {
    #region Local Variables

    // The main control for communicating through the RS-232 port
    private SerialPort comport = new SerialPort();

    // Various colors for logging info
    private Color[] LogMsgTypeColor = { Color.Blue, Color.Green, Color.Black, Color.Orange, Color.Red };

    private BinaryWriter writer;

    //sFileStream str = new FileStream("image.jpeg", FileMode.Create);

    private StreamWriter file = new StreamWriter("test.txt");

    // Temp holder for whether a key was pressed
    private bool KeyHandled = false;

        private Settings settings = Settings.Default;
    #endregion

    #region Constructor
    public frmTerminal()
    {
            // Load user settings
            settings.Reload();

      // Build the form
      InitializeComponent();

      // Restore the users settings
      InitializeControlValues();

      // Enable/disable controls based on the current state
      EnableControls();

      // When data is recieved through the port, call this method
      comport.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(port_DataReceived);
            comport.PinChanged += new SerialPinChangedEventHandler(comport_PinChanged);



    }

        void comport_PinChanged(object sender, SerialPinChangedEventArgs e)
        {
            // Show the state of the pins
            UpdatePinState();
        }

        private void UpdatePinState()
        {
            this.Invoke(new ThreadStart(() => {
                // Show the state of the pins
                //chkCD.Checked = comport.CDHolding;
                //chkCTS.Checked = comport.CtsHolding;
                //chkDSR.Checked = comport.DsrHolding;
            }));
        }
    #endregion

    #region Local Methods

    /// <summary> Save the user's settings. </summary>
    private void SaveSettings()
    {
            settings.BaudRate = int.Parse(cmbBaudRate.Text);
            settings.DataBits = int.Parse(cmbDataBits.Text);
            settings.DataMode = CurrentDataMode;
            settings.Parity = (Parity)Enum.Parse(typeof(Parity), cmbParity.Text);
            settings.StopBits = (StopBits)Enum.Parse(typeof(StopBits), cmbStopBits.Text);
            settings.PortName = cmbPortName.Text;
            //settings.ClearOnOpen = chkClearOnOpen.Checked;
            //settings.ClearWithDTR = chkClearWithDTR.Checked;

            settings.Save();
    }

    /// <summary> Populate the form's controls with default settings. </summary>
    private void InitializeControlValues()
    {
      cmbParity.Items.Clear(); cmbParity.Items.AddRange(Enum.GetNames(typeof(Parity)));
      cmbStopBits.Items.Clear(); cmbStopBits.Items.AddRange(Enum.GetNames(typeof(StopBits)));

            cmbParity.Text = settings.Parity.ToString();
            cmbStopBits.Text = settings.StopBits.ToString();
            cmbDataBits.Text = settings.DataBits.ToString();
            cmbParity.Text = settings.Parity.ToString();
            cmbBaudRate.Text = settings.BaudRate.ToString();
            CurrentDataMode = settings.DataMode;

            RefreshComPortList();

            //chkClearOnOpen.Checked = settings.ClearOnOpen;
            //chkClearWithDTR.Checked = settings.ClearWithDTR;

            // If it is still avalible, select the last com port used
            if (cmbPortName.Items.Contains(settings.PortName)) cmbPortName.Text = settings.PortName;
      else if (cmbPortName.Items.Count > 0) cmbPortName.SelectedIndex = cmbPortName.Items.Count - 1;
      else
      {
        MessageBox.Show(this, "There are no COM Ports detected on this computer.\nPlease install a COM Port and restart this app.", "No COM Ports Installed", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Error);
        this.Close();
      }
    }

    /// <summary> Enable/disable controls based on the app's current state. </summary>
    private void EnableControls()
    {
      // Enable/disable controls based on whether the port is open or not
      gbPortSettings.Enabled = !comport.IsOpen;
      //txtSendData.Enabled = btnSend.Enabled = comport.IsOpen;
            //chkDTR.Enabled = chkRTS.Enabled = comport.IsOpen;

      if (comport.IsOpen) btnOpenPort.Text = "&Close Port";
      else btnOpenPort.Text = "&Open Port";
    }

    /// <summary> Send the user's data currently entered in the 'send' box.</summary>
    private void SendData()
    {
        /*
      if (CurrentDataMode == DataMode.Text)
      {
        // Send the user's text straight out the port
        comport.Write(txtSendData.Text);

        // Show in the terminal window the user's text
        Log(LogMsgType.Outgoing, txtSendData.Text + "\n");
      }
      else
      {
        try
        {
          // Convert the user's string of hex digits (ex: B4 CA E2) to a byte array
          byte[] data = HexStringToByteArray(txtSendData.Text);

          // Send the binary data out the port
          comport.Write(data, 0, data.Length);

          // Show the hex digits on in the terminal window
          Log(LogMsgType.Outgoing, ByteArrayToHexString(data) + "\n");
        }
        catch (FormatException)
        {
          // Inform the user if the hex string was not properly formatted
          Log(LogMsgType.Error, "Not properly formatted hex string: " + txtSendData.Text + "\n");
        }
      }
      txtSendData.SelectAll();*/
    }

    /// <summary> Log data to the terminal window. </summary>
    /// <param name="msgtype"> The type of message to be written. </param>
    /// <param name="msg"> The string containing the message to be shown. </param>
    private void Log(LogMsgType msgtype, string msg)
    {
      rtfTerminal.Invoke(new EventHandler(delegate
      {
        rtfTerminal.SelectedText = string.Empty;
        rtfTerminal.SelectionFont = new Font(rtfTerminal.SelectionFont, FontStyle.Bold);
        rtfTerminal.SelectionColor = LogMsgTypeColor[(int)msgtype];
        rtfTerminal.AppendText(msg);
        rtfTerminal.ScrollToCaret();
      }));
    }

    /// <summary> Convert a string of hex digits (ex: E4 CA B2) to a byte array. </summary>
    /// <param name="s"> The string containing the hex digits (with or without spaces). </param>
    /// <returns> Returns an array of bytes. </returns>
    private byte[] HexStringToByteArray(string s)
    {
      s = s.Replace(" ", "");
      byte[] buffer = new byte[s.Length / 2];
      for (int i = 0; i < s.Length; i += 2)
        buffer[i / 2] = (byte)Convert.ToByte(s.Substring(i, 2), 16);
      return buffer;
    }

    /// <summary> Converts an array of bytes into a formatted string of hex digits (ex: E4 CA B2)</summary>
    /// <param name="data"> The array of bytes to be translated into a string of hex digits. </param>
    /// <returns> Returns a well formatted string of hex digits with spacing. </returns>
    private string ByteArrayToHexString(byte[] data)
    {
      StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(data.Length * 3);
      foreach (byte b in data)
          sb.Append(Convert.ToString(b, 16));//(b,16).PadLeft(2, '0').PadRight(3, ' ')
      return sb.ToString().ToUpper();
    }
    #endregion

    #region Local Properties
    private DataMode CurrentDataMode
    {
      get
      {
        if (rbHex.Checked) return DataMode.Hex;
        else return DataMode.Text;
      }
      set
      {
        if (value == DataMode.Text) rbText.Checked = true;
        else rbHex.Checked = true;
      }
    }
    #endregion

    #region Event Handlers
    private void lnkAbout_LinkClicked(object sender, LinkLabelLinkClickedEventArgs e)
    {
      // Show the user the about dialog
      (new frmAbout()).ShowDialog(this);
    }

    private void frmTerminal_Shown(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
      Log(LogMsgType.Normal, String.Format("Application Started at {0}\n", DateTime.Now));
    }
    private void frmTerminal_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e)
    {
      // The form is closing, save the user's preferences
      SaveSettings();
    }

    private void rbText_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    { if (rbText.Checked) CurrentDataMode = DataMode.Text; }

    private void rbHex_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
    { if (rbHex.Checked) CurrentDataMode = DataMode.Hex; }

    private void cmbBaudRate_Validating(object sender, CancelEventArgs e)
    { int x; e.Cancel = !int.TryParse(cmbBaudRate.Text, out x); }

    private void cmbDataBits_Validating(object sender, CancelEventArgs e)
    { int x; e.Cancel = !int.TryParse(cmbDataBits.Text, out x); }

    private void btnOpenPort_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
            bool error = false;

      // If the port is open, close it.
            if (comport.IsOpen) {
                file.Close();
                writer.Close();
                comport.Close(); }
            else
            {
                // Set the port's settings
                comport.BaudRate = int.Parse(cmbBaudRate.Text);
                comport.DataBits = int.Parse(cmbDataBits.Text);
                comport.StopBits = (StopBits)Enum.Parse(typeof(StopBits), cmbStopBits.Text);
                comport.Parity = (Parity)Enum.Parse(typeof(Parity), cmbParity.Text);
                comport.PortName = cmbPortName.Text;

                try
                {
                    // Open the port
                    comport.Open();
                }
                catch (UnauthorizedAccessException) { error = true; }
                catch (IOException) { error = true; }
                catch (ArgumentException) { error = true; }

                if (error) MessageBox.Show(this, "Could not open the COM port.  Most likely it is already in use, has been removed, or is unavailable.", "COM Port Unavalible", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Stop);
                else
                {
                    // Show the initial pin states
                    UpdatePinState();
                    //chkDTR.Checked = comport.DtrEnable;
                    //chkRTS.Checked = comport.RtsEnable;
                }
            }

      // Change the state of the form's controls
      EnableControls();

      // If the port is open, send focus to the send data box
            if (comport.IsOpen)
            {
                //txtSendData.Focus();
                //if (chkClearOnOpen.Checked) ClearTerminal();
            }
    }
    private void btnSend_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    { SendData(); }

    private void port_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
    {
            // If the com port has been closed, do nothing
            if (!comport.IsOpen) return;

      // This method will be called when there is data waiting in the port's buffer

      // Determain which mode (string or binary) the user is in
      if (CurrentDataMode == DataMode.Text)
      {
        // Read all the data waiting in the buffer
        string data = comport.ReadExisting();

        file.Write(data);
        // Display the text to the user in the terminal
        Log(LogMsgType.Incoming, data);
      }
      else
      {
        // Obtain the number of bytes waiting in the port's buffer
        int bytes = comport.BytesToRead;

        // Create a byte array buffer to hold the incoming data
        byte[] buffer = new byte[bytes];

        // Read the data from the port and store it in our buffer
        comport.Read(buffer, 0, bytes);

        //file.WriteLine(ByteArrayToHexString(buffer);
        using(FileStream stream = new FileStream("image.jpeg", FileMode.Append)){
            using (writer = new BinaryWriter(stream))
            {
                writer.Write(buffer);
            }
        }

        // Show the user the incoming data in hex format
        Log(LogMsgType.Incoming, ByteArrayToHexString(buffer));
      }
    }

    private void txtSendData_KeyDown(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
    {
      // If the user presses [ENTER], send the data now
      if (KeyHandled = e.KeyCode == Keys.Enter) { e.Handled = true; SendData(); }
    }
    private void txtSendData_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
    { e.Handled = KeyHandled; }
    #endregion

        private void chkDTR_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //comport.DtrEnable = chkDTR.Checked;
            //if (chkDTR.Checked && chkClearWithDTR.Checked) ClearTerminal();
        }

        private void chkRTS_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //comport.RtsEnable = chkRTS.Checked;
        }

        private void btnClear_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            ClearTerminal();
        }

        private void ClearTerminal()
        {
            rtfTerminal.Clear();
        }

        private void tmrCheckComPorts_Tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // checks to see if COM ports have been added or removed
            // since it is quite common now with USB-to-Serial adapters
            RefreshComPortList();
        }

        private void RefreshComPortList()
        {
            // Determain if the list of com port names has changed since last checked
            string selected = RefreshComPortList(cmbPortName.Items.Cast<string>(), cmbPortName.SelectedItem as string, comport.IsOpen);

            // If there was an update, then update the control showing the user the list of port names
            if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(selected))
            {
                cmbPortName.Items.Clear();
                cmbPortName.Items.AddRange(OrderedPortNames());
                cmbPortName.SelectedItem = selected;
            }
        }

        private string[] OrderedPortNames()
        {
            // Just a placeholder for a successful parsing of a string to an integer
            int num;

            // Order the serial port names in numberic order (if possible)
            return SerialPort.GetPortNames().OrderBy(a => a.Length > 3 && int.TryParse(a.Substring(3), out num) ? num : 0).ToArray();
        }

        private string RefreshComPortList(IEnumerable<string> PreviousPortNames, string CurrentSelection, bool PortOpen)
        {
            // Create a new return report to populate
            string selected = null;

            // Retrieve the list of ports currently mounted by the operating system (sorted by name)
            string[] ports = SerialPort.GetPortNames();

            // First determain if there was a change (any additions or removals)
            bool updated = PreviousPortNames.Except(ports).Count() > 0 || ports.Except(PreviousPortNames).Count() > 0;

            // If there was a change, then select an appropriate default port
            if (updated)
            {
                // Use the correctly ordered set of port names
                ports = OrderedPortNames();

                // Find newest port if one or more were added
                string newest = SerialPort.GetPortNames().Except(PreviousPortNames).OrderBy(a => a).LastOrDefault();

                // If the port was already open... (see logic notes and reasoning in Notes.txt)
                if (PortOpen)
                {
                    if (ports.Contains(CurrentSelection)) selected = CurrentSelection;
                    else if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(newest)) selected = newest;
                    else selected = ports.LastOrDefault();
                }
                else
                {
                    if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(newest)) selected = newest;
                    else if (ports.Contains(CurrentSelection)) selected = CurrentSelection;
                    else selected = ports.LastOrDefault();
                }
            }

            // If there was a change to the port list, return the recommended default selection
            return selected;
        }

        private void rtfTerminal_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }
    }
}