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GregroxMun

Final Object Notes

GregroxMun
Nov 20th, 2017
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  1. Final Object Notes
  2.  
  3. M13 GC
  4. Alberio **
  5. Eta Cas **
  6. 61 Cygni **
  7. M15 GC
  8. M56 GC
  9. M92 GC
  10. M2 GC
  11. Gamma And **
  12. Gamma Delph **
  13.  
  14.  
  15. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  16. NAME (Alt Name) *****
  17.  
  18. Constellation: constellation
  19.  
  20. Distance: Dist
  21.  
  22. Object Type: Object Type
  23.  
  24. Magnitude: mag Separation/Size: num
  25.  
  26. Observational Notes: Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation Notes Observation
  27.  
  28. Description: description description description description description description description description description description description description Notes
  29.  
  30. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  31. Messier 13 (The Great Globular Cluster in Hercules) ****-
  32.  
  33. Object Type: Globular Cluster
  34.  
  35. Distance: 22,200 ly
  36.  
  37. Constellation: Hercules
  38.  
  39. Magnitude: +5.8 Size: 20 arcminutes
  40.  
  41. Observation Notes: A fuzzy, grannular region of stars. Fairly round, somewhat indistinct core. It is located on the line between Zeta and Eta Herculis, on the east side of the northern part of Hercules' torso. The line runs roughly north/south. Under good conditions, an apparent x structure may be seen through the center of the cluster.
  42.  
  43. Description: 600,000 solar masses, 84 ly radius, 11.65 billion years old. The destination of a radio message sent by the Arecibo radio telescope in 1974.
  44.  
  45. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  46.  
  47. Beta Cygni (Alberio) *****
  48.  
  49. Object Type: Binary Star
  50.  
  51. Distance: 430 ly
  52.  
  53. Constellation: Cygnus
  54.  
  55. Magnitude: 3.18/5.09 Separation: 35.3 arcseconds
  56.  
  57. Observation Notes: Two distinct stars of different color. One is yellowish, the other is blueish. The yellowish one appears twice as bright. It is the southernmost star of the Summer Cross/Cygnus, and can be seen near the middle of the line between Vega and Altair, but closer to the center of the summer triangle. (Towards the west of that line). It is an outstanding double, and can be split (with some difficulty) using the 40mm eyepiece on the 8-inch dobsonian, and can be seen more easily through higher powers.
  58.  
  59. Description: An orange bright giant (K2 II, 15 Msol, 70 Rsol, 1200 Lsol) and a blue main sequence (B8 V, 3.7 Msol, 2.6 Rsol, 230 Lsol). Their status as a binary is disputed, as their distance from one another is very high. If they are indeed an orbiting pair, their period would be on the order of >100,000 years.
  60.  
  61. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  62.  
  63. Eta Cassiopeiae (Archird) ***
  64.  
  65. Object Type: Binary Star
  66.  
  67. Distance: 19.4 ly
  68.  
  69. Constellation: Cassiopeia
  70.  
  71. Magnitude: 3.44/7.51 Separation: 12 arcseconds
  72.  
  73. Observation Notes: A white star with a dim, slightly reddish companion. It is a naked-eye star just northeast of Alpha Cassiopeia. It is visible as a binary with 17mm eyepiece on the 8-inch dobsonian.
  74.  
  75. Description: A Yellow Sun-like (G0 V, 0.97 Msol, 1.03 Rsol, 1.23 Lsol) and an orange dwarf companion (K7 V, 0.57 Msol, 0.66 Rsol, 0.06 Lsol). They orbit each other at about 71 AU, taking 480 years to do so.
  76.  
  77. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  78.  
  79. 61 Cygni (Bessel's Stars / Piazzi's Flying Stars) **
  80.  
  81. Object Type: Binary Star
  82.  
  83. Distance: 11.41 ly
  84.  
  85. Constellation: Cygnus
  86.  
  87. Magnitude: 5.2/6.05 Separation: 24.27 arcminutes
  88.  
  89. Observation Notes: In the Observatory, these can be seen as two golden stars that almost resemble distant headlights, with a reasonably apparent separation and a reasonable brightness. Through the 8-inch telescopes, the smaller of the pair may only be visible with averted vision, blinking in and out of visibility.
  90.  
  91. Description: A set of two similarly massive and similarly luminous orange dwarfs (K5V and K7V) with a very high proper motion of 5200 milliarcseconds per year. In the 1950s, observational data suggested there was a 16 Jupiter-Mass planet orbiting one of the stars. While it turned out to be false data, the hard-science-fiction classic *Mission of Gravity* by Hal Clement takes place around this star.
  92.  
  93. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  94.  
  95. Messier 15 ****
  96.  
  97. Object Type: Globular Cluster
  98.  
  99. Distance: 33,000 ly
  100.  
  101. Constellation: Pegasus
  102.  
  103. Magnitude: 6.2 Size: 18 arcminutes
  104.  
  105. Observation Notes: Near and East of the bright star Enif. Sharp central core. Grannular at higher power. The core is very bright. A "y" or "x" set of arms can be seen coming out of one side of the cluster. Visible through 17mm eyepiece with 8inch Dobsonian as a fuzzy round spot, not grannular.
  106.  
  107. Description: 88 ly radius, 5,6000 solar masses.
  108.  
  109. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  110.  
  111. Messier 56 **
  112.  
  113. Object Type: Globular Cluster
  114.  
  115. Constellation: Lyra
  116.  
  117. Distance: 32,900 ly
  118.  
  119. Magnitude: 8.3 Size: 8 arcminutes
  120.  
  121. Observation Notes: A dim, squarish shape. No star detail, very little to no granularity. It is near three stars of the same magnitude. On the line between beta and gamma Lyrae is M57. Follow that line towards the west as far away from gamma as gamma is from beta and you will be near M56.
  122.  
  123. Description: 42 lightyear radius, with 230,000 solar masses.
  124.  
  125. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  126.  
  127. Messier 92
  128.  
  129. Object Type: Globular Cluster
  130.  
  131. Constellation: Hercules
  132.  
  133. Distance: 26,700 ly
  134.  
  135. Magnitude: 6.3 Size: 14 arcminutes
  136.  
  137. Observation Notes: Appears as a dim, non-uniform cluster with some odd structure
  138.  
  139. Description: A 20,000 solar mass cluster.
  140.  
  141. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  142.  
  143. Messier 2 ****
  144.  
  145. Object Type: Globular Cluster
  146.  
  147. Constellation: Aquarius
  148.  
  149. Distance: 33,000 ly
  150.  
  151. Magnitude: 6.3 Size: 16 arcminutes
  152.  
  153. Observation Notes: It is very round, nicely grannular at high power. It is near the line between Beta Aquarii (Sadalsuud) and Epsilon Pegasi (Enif). It is about 6 degrees north of Beta Aquarii.
  154.  
  155. Description: Among the largest globular clusters known at a radius of 87.3 lightyears, with about 100,000 solar masses contained within.
  156.  
  157. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  158.  
  159. Iota Cassiopeiae **
  160.  
  161. Object Type: Ternary Star
  162.  
  163. Constellation: Cassiopeia
  164.  
  165. Distance: 133 ly
  166.  
  167. Magnitude: 4.61/6.87/9.05 Separation AB: 2.88 arcseconds Separation AC: ~10 arcseconds
  168.  
  169. Observation Notes: This is a tricky one. It can be seen as a binary star through the Observatory with a 21mm eyepiece just barely, but under the 10mm you can barely see that there is in fact another star very close to the brightest. The primary star is whitish in color, the other two appear dull reddish. Don't even try this object if you have bad seeing.
  170.  
  171. Description: This system is actually composed of four stars, though one of them is too close to the primary and too dim to be seen. Iota Cas A is a blue-white A3V + G6V spectroscopic double star, Iota Cas B is an F5V star, and Iota Cas C is a K4V+M2V double.
  172.  
  173. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  174.  
  175. Gamma Delphini ***
  176.  
  177. Object Type: Double Star
  178.  
  179. Constellation: Delphinus
  180.  
  181. Distance: 101 ly
  182.  
  183. Magnitude: 5.14 / 4.27 Separation: 10.22 arcseconds.
  184.  
  185. Observation Notes: Both stars appear to be white, one is brighter than the other. There is only very subtle color variation. Easily split with the observatory at 10mm, should be split with the Dobsonians at high power. Despite the factor of 10 luminosity difference, the stars appear similar brightness due to human perception of brightness being logarithmic.
  186.  
  187. Description: A white-yellow main sequence star (F7 V, 1.57 Msol, 2.21 Rsol, 6.9 Lsol) and an orange subgiant (K1 IV, 1.72 Msol, 6.43 Rsol, 20.8 Lsol) that orbit each other every 3249 years.
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