alive-rng-test.lua

local numCount = 4
local target = 100

-- Generate numbers from 0 to 1
local nums = {}
for i = 1, numCount do
  nums[i] = math.random()
end

-- Get their total
local total = 0
for i, v in ipairs(nums) do
    total = total + v
end

-- Replace each number with the floor of target * original / previous total while getting new total
local total2 = 0
for i, v in ipairs(nums) do
    nums[i] = math.floor(target * v / total)
    total2 = total2 + nums[i]
end

-- Spread the remainder evenly (ish, could involve random here but this is good enough)
-- This repeating loop could probably be replaced with just a loop that goes over every number once
local i = 1
for _ = 1, target - total2 do
    nums[i] = nums[i] + 1
    i = (i - 1 + 1) % numCount + 1
end

-- Check final total
local total3 = 0
for i, v in ipairs(nums) do
    total3 = total3 + nums[i]
end

print(target == total3)