webinar-functions-methods-2023-04-08

# Webinar: Functions + Methods in Python

# You'll start getting to know functions in Ch 7

# A function is essentially a block of code with a name
# that can (or not) accepts inputs as arguments and perform
# some actions accordingly.

# Functions should be modular and reusable - a good function has ONE JOB
# We define a function once and call it as many times as needed

# We'll write a function to take in a number as square it. The function will RETURN that square.

# function definition, Gallant
def squareThis(num): # num is the parameter
    return num * num
# print(squareThis(3))
# print(squareThis(7))

# function definition, Goofus
def squareSomething(num):
    num = 5 # no, Goofus! Don't override the parameter!
    return num * num

# print(squareSomething(3)) # Goofus hopes you like 25
# print(squareSomething(6)) # on every...
# print(squareSomething(9)) # single call :(

# keyword args of print()
# print() --> print(end="\n", sep=" ")


def makeMore(num): # only function definitions go outside of the if __name__ block
    return num * num * num + num

if __name__ == "__main__":
    # solve this Lab, this problem
    myNum = int(input())
    print(f"I bought {myNum} snails and now I have {makeMore(myNum)}!")

# print(__name__) # it's "__main__"

# print(dir(__builtins__))
print(dir(str))
print(dir(list))

# class methods are functions...

myList = ["Gilligan", "Skipper"]
myList.append("Mary Ann") # class methods are called "on" an object of the type
myList.append("Professor")
print(myList)

# that object of its type is called the "self" and appears as if it were the first argument in the help docstring:
help(list.append) # append(self, object, /) Append object to the end of the list.