webinar-python-exam-review-2023-11-18

# Exam Review 2023 Nov 18

# Do those LABS
# Ch 2-14... all Labs!
# Ch 21-32 just ADDITIONAL LABS, but important practice!
# Prac Tests, Ch 33 and 34... more than the Pre

# Use Submit Mode and get them to 100%!!!
# PAY ATTENTION to the unit tests!
# ... then UNIT TEST more! Unit test, unit test, unit test!

# Comp 1: Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc
# Comp 2: Control Flow
# Comp 3: Modules and Files

# Comp 1: Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc

# Operators
# = # assignment
# == # asking a question? A condition
# +
# -
# *
# /
# % # modulo... whole number remainder... "how many whole things didn't fit since the last even division?"
# // # floor division... last even division
# <
# >
# <=
# >=
# += # x+=1 --> x = x + 1
# -=
# **  # compare to pow(), math.pow()
# !=
# # keywords
# in # if x in myList, if something in myDict
# not # if not x in myList
# and
# or # any one True means the combo is True... limit OR to 2-3 conditions

# Data Types/Classes
# int
# float
# bool # True, False
# str # "" most important data type
# list # [ ]
# dict # {key: value}
# tuple # ( )  immutable, Python sees a,b,c as (a,b,c) --> return x,y --> return (x,y)
# set # no duplicates, unordered -> no index, no slicing, no sorting
# range # range()... container of consecutive numbers --> range(start, stop, step)
# file # open()... f.read(), f.readlines(), f.write()

# Comp 2
# Control Flow! The HOW stuff
# IF statements... if, if/else, if/elif, if/elif/else
# LOOPS
# WHILE - an IF that repeats
# FOR - looping over a container, or a known number of times... hence range()
# # Check out my For Loops webinar in The Gotchas
# for ___ in _someContainer__:
# for item in myList:
# for char in myStr:
# for key in myDict: # myDict[key] or use for k, v in myDict.items(): --> x, y = [2, 3]
# for n in range(5):
# for i in range(len(myList)): # myList[i]
# for i, item in enumerate(myList):

# FUNCTIONS
# defining/writing vs calling
# modular... a function has ONE job
# parameters are special variables for holding stuff coming into the function
# parameters vs arguments
# pay attention to whether the function is asked to return or print()/output

# def someFunction(x, y):
#     return x * y
#
# if __name__ == "__main__": # is this script the one that's running now
#     # inside this block we're answering this specific question
#     input1 = int(input())
#     input2 = int(input())
#     # myNum = someFunction(input1, input2)
#     # print(myNum)
#     print(someFunction(input1, input2))

# See "tasks" in the last section of Ch 10, 11, 13, 14 for function writing practice
# CodingBat also has good function-based Python questions:
# https://codingbat.com/python

# BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS
# input()
# print()
# range()
# enumerate()
# min()
# max()
# sum()
# len()
# open()
# int()
# float()
# str()
# list()
# dict()
# set()
# tuple()
# type() # x = "5.426353 print(type(x).__name__) --> str
# round() # cousins math.ceil(), math.floor()
# pow() # compare to math.pow()
# abs() # math.fabs()
# help() # help(str), help(str.isspace)
# dir() # print(dir(str))

# STRINGS
# be able to refer to indices, and slice
# myStr = "abcd"
# # mySlice[start:stop:step]
# revStr = myStr[::-1]
# print(revStr)

# KNOW YOUR WHITESPACE
# " " # space from the spacebar
# # a lot of Unicode space
# \n # new line return
# \r # carriage return
# \t # tab

# print() # --> print(end="\n")

# STRING METHODS
# myStr.format() # "Stuff I want to put together {:.2f}".format(myVar)
# myStr.strip() # input().strip()
# myStr.split() # returns a list of smaller strings
# ",".join(listOfStrings)
# myStr.replace(subStr, newSubStr) # "remove" myStr = myStr.replace(subStr, "")
# myStr.index(subStr), myStr.find(subStr)
# myStr.count(subStr) # return number of times found
# case: .lower(), .upper(), .title(), capitalize()
# is/Boolean: .islower(), .isupper(), .isspace(), .isalpha(), .isnumeric(), .isdigit(), .isalnum()
# myStr.startswith(subStr), myStr.endswith(subStr)

# LISTS
# be able to refer by index and to slice

# LIST METHODS
# # +
# myList.append(item)
# myList.insert(i, item)
# myList.extend(anotherList)
# # -
# myList.pop(i)
# myList.remove(item) # pop() by index, remove() by value
# myList.clear()
# # other
# myList.sort()
# myList.reverse()
# myList.count(item)
# myList.copy()
# myList.index(item)

# DICT
# use the key like an index []... then you don't really need DICT methods
# myDict[key] # get the value for that key --> similar to myDict.get()
# myDict[key] = value # assigns new value to key --> similar to myDict.update({k:v})

# DICT METHODS
# myDict.keys()
# myDict.values()
# myDict.items() # for k, v in myDict.items()

# membership check is on keys
# if _key_ in myDict: # looks at keys, not values

# MODULES
# math and csv

# MATH MODULE
# import math # FULL IMPORT
# math.factorial(x)
# math.ceil(x)
# math.floor(x)
# math.pow(x, y)
# math.sqrt(x)
# math.fabs(x)
# math.pi
# math.e

# PARTIAL IMPORT
# from math import floor # --> floor(x)
# from math import ceil, sqrt # --> sqrt(x), ceil(x)
# from math import * # floor(x), sqrt(x)
#
# # ALIAS IMPORT
# import math as m
# math.floor(x) # can't do!

# FILES
# modes: r, w, a

# READ MODE
with open("test.txt", "r") as f:
    # f.read() # returns whole file as one big string
    # f.readlines() # returns a list of strings, line by line
    # f.write() # take one str arg and write into file (can't do here bc I'm in read mode)
    contents = f.readlines()
# print(contents) # ['Hello.\n', 'This\n', 'is\n', 'just\n', 'a\n', 'string.\n', 'But...\n', 'with\n', 'many\n', 'line\n', 'breaks!']
# for line in contents:
#     line = line.strip()
#     print(line) # print(line, end="\n")

# CSV Module
import csv # csv.reader()
with open("mock_data.csv", "r") as f1: # mockaroo.com
    contents = list(csv.reader(f1)) # csv.reader(f1, delimiter="\t") for .tsv
# print(contents)
# for row in contents[:20]:
#     print(row)

# WRITE MODE
with open("output_data30.csv", "w") as f2:
    # write rows into new file where firstName begins with "Re"
    for row in contents:
        # firstname is a position 1
        # if row[1][:2] == "Re":
        if row[1].startswith("Re"):
            f2.write(",".join(row) + "\n") # file write() takes one str arg
            # f2.write(f'{",".join(row)}\n')
            # f2.write('{}\n'.format(",".join(row)))

# APPEND MODE
# with open("append_to_this.txt", "r") as f3:
#     print(f3.readlines())
with open("append_to_this.txt", "a") as f3:
    f3.write("\nPippin")

# Final advice:
# Unit test, unit test, unit test!

# < >, check numbers on either side
# doing math? check 0, check really big numbers
# check leading O's in numbers when converting type:
# input of 007 -> that's "007" -> int("007") -> 7
# check possible keys from input to see if in dict