webinar-python-exam-review-2022-02-28

# Exam Review 2022 Feb 26

# LABS
# Ch 3-13
# Ch 14-18 not as important, other than some good labs in Ch 15
# Ch 19-30 just LABS, but important practice!
# Use Submit Mode!!!

# Comp 1: Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc
# Comp 2: Control Flow Structures
# Basic: if statements, loops, functions
# Adv: try/except and raising errors, classes
# Comp 3: modules, working with files

# Comp 1 Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc
# Data Types
# str # input()
# int
# float
# list # most common, most adaptable container
# dict # {k:v}
# set # {1, 2, 3} all unique values, unordered
# tuple # (1, 2, 3) SOOOOO IMMUTABLE... 1, 2, 3

# Operators
# +
# -
# *
# /
# % # modulo... whole number remainder, "How many whole things are leftover?"
# // # floor division
# ** # raise to power, similar to math.pow()
# <
# >
# <=
# >=
# = # assignment
# == # equality operator is for comparision, it ASKS
# !=
# += # increment
# -= # decrement
# # operator-like KEYWORDS
# not
# in # if __ in ___, if not __ in __
# and # if x > 20 and x % 2 == 0
# or

# Comp 2 Control Flow Structures
# Basic
# IF statements... if, if/else, if/elif, if/elif/else
# LOOPS...
# WHILE basically an IF that repeats
# FOR - looping over a container
# for __ in ___:
# for item in myList:
# for i in range(0, len(myList)): # myList[i]
# for i, item in enumerate(myList):
# for key in myDict: # myDict[key]... if __ in myDict -> checking keys, not values
# for key, value in myDict.items()

# FUNCTIONS
# defining/writing vs calling
# parameters vs "regular" variables
# parameter vs argument
# def checkDuplicates(someList):
#     dupList = []
#     for item in someList:
#         if someList.count(item) > 1:
#             dupList.append(item)
#     if len(dupList) > 0: # found duplicates!
#         return dupList
#     else:
#         return "No duplicates found."
# checkDuplicates([1,2,3,3])
# myList = ["Larry", "Curly", "Moe"]
# checkDuplicates(myList)

# a good function has ONE JOB, modular
# return or not (prints)

# def myFunction():
#     # do stuff
#     return 1, 2 # that's a tuple!
# if __name__ = "__main__":
#     myVar = input()
#     call myFunction()

# BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS
# help()
# dir() # returns a list of methods and other attributes
# print()
# input() # returns str... \n, \r, \t, \f, " "... input().rstrip()
# int() # int(input())... int(input().rstrip())
# len()
# sum()
# min()
# max()
# sorted() # not exactly the same as list.sort()
# reversed() # not exactly the same as list.reverse()
# range() # creates a special container
# enumerate()
# round() # and its math module cousins: math.floor() and math.ceil()
# # creating/recasting
# str()
# float()
# list()
# dict()
# tuple()
# type()
# isinstance()
# print(type(5)) # <class 'int'>
# print(isinstance(5, int)) # True
# print(isinstance(5, str)) # False

# STRINGS
# SLICES
myString[start:stop], myString[start:stop:step]
# slice to reverse
# myRevString = myString[::-1] # save your time and energy

# STRING METHODS
myString.format() # or f strings
myString.rstrip() # strip, etc
myString.split() # returns a list of smaller strings
" ".join(myListOfStrings)
myString.replace(oldSubStr, newSubStr) # use to remove myString.replace("abc", "")
myString.count(subStr) # returns int
# case methods: myString.upper(), myString.lower()
# Boolean methods: myString.isupper(), myString.isdigit()

# LIST methods
# myList.append(item)
# myList.insert(index, item)
# myList.extend(anotherList)
# myList.pop() # myList.pop(index)... by index
# myList.remove() # by value
# myList.sort()
# myList.reverse()
# myList.count(item)
# myList.clear()
# myList.index(item) # a value can repeat

# DICTIONARY
# myDictionary[key] # retrieves the value
# myDictionary[key] = value # assign a value for the key
# if __ in myDictionary: # it's checking the keys
# myDictionary.keys() # returns container of the keys
# myDictionary.values() # returns container of values

# MATH
# import math
# math.factorial(num)
# math.pow() # **
# math.sqrt()
# math.ceil()
# math.floor()
# math.e
# math.pi

# partial import
# from math import factorial, from math import *
# factorial() not math.factorial()

# # aliased import
# import math as m

# # OPENING FILES
# # good practice: Ch 12 Task 4, 7, 8
# The Gotchas: Working with Files: Reading (25 min)
# The Gotchas: Working with Files: Writing (33 min)

with open("mock_data.csv", "r") as f:
    # read() returns the whole file as one big string
    # readlines() returns a list of line by line strings

import csv
with open("mock_data.csv", "r") as f:
    myReader = csv.reader(f) # recast as a list = list(csv.reader(f))
    # CSV Reader objects are like lists of lists of data so they recast easily