from random import randint #This allows a random integer to be generated
menuChoice = 1 #This sets the default value for 'menuChoice' to one
amountOfColumns = 8 #This sets the default amount of columns in the grid to 8
amountOfRows = 8 #This sets the default amount of rows in the grid to 8
amountOfBandits = 5 #This sets the default amount of bandits to 5
amountOfTreasureChests = 10 #This sets the default amount of treasure chests to 10
score = 0 #This sets the default value of the score to 0
#These values create a space where the user can input the values for most of the variables

#Task 1: Main Menu (User Need 1)
def menu(): #This declares a new function
    global amountOfColumns #This allows this variable to be called outside of this function
    global amountOfRows #This allows this variable to be called outside of this function
    global amountOfBandits #This allows this variable to be called outside of this function
    global amountOfTreasureChests #This allows this variable to be called outside of this function
    print("\nWelcome to the AQA Treasure hunt game.\nShown below are the 3 options that you can select from:\nOption 1: Play the treasure hunt game\nOption 2: Custom rules\nOption 3: Quit")
#This outputs a welcome message and menu instructions for the user; the linebreaker \n outputs a new line for the user

#Allowing the user to choose an option (User Need 2)
    while True: #This creates a while loop
        try:
            menuChoice = int(input("\nPlease type in the assigned number of the option of your choice: "))
#This creates a user-inputted variable which must have an integer data type
        except ValueError: #If an integer is not inputted...
            print("Your option was not a whole number. Please type in your option as a whole number")
#This outputs an error message to the user which indicates them what they need to input
            continue #This continues the while loop so the user has to re-input the value
        if menuChoice < 1: #Condition set by selection for the variable value
            print("Sorry, your typed in option cannot be below '1'.")
#If the option is less than 1, then this error message is displayed
            continue #This continues the while loop so the user has to re-input the value
        elif menuChoice > 3: #This sets another condition where the inputted option is greater than 4
            print("Sorry, your typed in option cannot be above '3'.")
#If the option is greater than 4, then this error message is outputted
            continue #This continues the while loop so the user has to re-input the value
#And the loop is continued so that the option has to be re-entered
        else: #If the conditions are not met...
            break #...Then the loop is broken and the option value is stored
    if menuChoice == 1: #Selection and the comparison operator == creates a condition for this variable
        banditsInTheGrid(programmerGrid) #This calls and runs the function declared here
        treasureChestsInTheGrid(programmerGrid) #This calls and runs the function declared here
        movingUpOrDown(programmerGrid,userGrid) #This calls and runs the function declared here
    elif menuChoice == 2: #Condition set so that when the variable equals 2...

#Allowing the user to set custom dimensions and numbers of bandits + chests (User Need 10)
        while True: #This sets up an iterative while loop
            try:
                amountOfColumns = int(input("\nPlease type in how many columns you want in your grid: "))
#This creates a user-inputted variable for the number of columns in the grid which must have an integer data type
            except ValueError: #The error and exception checking sets a condition where the input is not the desired data type
                print("Your answer is not a whole number.\nPlease re-enter the value.")
#This outputs a personalised error message to the user which indicates them what they need to input
                continue #This continues the while loop so the user has to re-input the value
            if amountOfColumns < 1: #Condition set by selection and comparison operators for the variable value
                print("You cannot have less than 1 column in the grid.\nPlease re-enter the value.")
#This outputs a personalised error message to the user which indicates them what they need to input
                continue #This continues the while loop so the user has to re-input the value
            else: #If the variable value is appropriate to be stored...
                while True: #This sets up an iterative while loop
                    try:
                        amountOfRows = int(input("\nPlease type in how many rows you want in your grid: "))
#This creates a user-inputted variable for the number of rows in the grid which must have an integer data type
                    except ValueError: #The error and exception checking sets a condition where the input is not the desired data type
                        print("Your answer is not a whole number.\nPlease re-enter the value.")
#This outputs a personalised error message to the user which indicates them what they need to input
                        continue #This continues the while loop so the user has to re-input the value
                    if amountOfRows < 1:#Condition set by selection and comparison operators for the variable value
                        print("You cannot have less than 1 row in the grid.\nPlease re-enter the value.")
#This outputs a personalised error message to the user which indicates them what they need to input
                        continue #This continues the while loop so the user has to re-input the value
                    else: #If the variable value is appropriate to be stored...
                        while True: #This sets up an iterative while loop
                            try:
                                amountOfBandits = int(input("\nPlease type in how many bandits you want in your treasure hunt game: "))
#This creates a user-inputted variable for the number of bandits in the game which must have an integer data type
                            except ValueError: #The error and exception checking sets a condition where the input is not the desired data type
                                print("Your answer is not a whole number.\nPlease re-enter the value.")
#This outputs a personalised error message to the user which indicates them what they need to input
                                continue #This continues the while loop so the user has to re-input the value
                            if amountOfBandits < 0: #Condition set by selection and comparison operators for the variable value
                                print("You cannot have a negative amount of bandits.\nPlease re-enter the value.")
#This outputs a personalised error message to the user which indicates them what they need to input
                                continue #This continues the while loop so the user has to re-input the value
                            else: #If the variable value is appropriate to be stored...
                                while True: #This sets up an iterative while loop
                                    try:
                                        amountOfTreasureChests = int(input("\nPlease type in how many treasure chests you want in your treasure hunt game: "))
#This creates a user-inputted variable for the number of treasure chests in the game which must have an integer data type
                                    except ValueError: #The error and exception checking sets a condition where the input is not the desired data type
                                        print("Your answer is not a whole number.\nPlease re-enter the value.")

                                        continue #This continues the while loop so the user has to re-input the value
                                    if amountOfTreasureChests < 4: #Condition set by selection and comparison operators for the variable value
                                        print("You cannot have less than 4 treasure chests.\nPlease re-enter the value.")
                                        continue #This continues the while loop so the user has to re-input the value
                                    else: #If the variable value is appropriate to be stored...
                                        menu() #This calls and runs the 'menu' function, returning the user back to the main menu
    elif menuChoice == 3: #Selection and comparison operators used to set a condition
        while True: #This sets up a while loop
            try:
                exitProgramChoice = str(input("Are you sure that you want to quit the program? Type in 'y' for yes or 'n' for no: "))
    #This variable is the choice that the user inputs for if they want to close the program or not
            except ValueError: #The error and exception checking sets a condition where the input is not the desired data type
                print("Sorry, your typed in option is not a letter. Please re-enter your option.")
#If the user doesn't input a string, then this error message is outputted
                continue #And the loop is continued so that the choice has to be re-entered
            if exitProgramChoice  == 'y': #This sets a condition where the inputted choice is equal to 'y' (yes)
                quit() #This built-in function means that the program is terminated
            elif exitProgramChoice  == 'n': #This sets a condition where the inputted choice is equal to 'n' (no)
                menu() #The 'menu' function is called where the user is returned back to the main menu
            else: #If the conditions have not been met...
                print("Your option was neither 'y' or 'n'. Please re-enter your option with either the letter 'y' for yes or 'n' for no.")
#...Then this error message is displayed
                continue #And the loop continues so that the choice has to be re-entered

#Creating a grid (User Need 3)
programmerGrid = [[0 for x in range(amountOfColumns)] for y in range(amountOfRows)] #This 2D array sets the dimensions of the grid for the programmer
userGrid = [[0 for x in range(amountOfColumns)] for y in range(amountOfRows)] #This 2D array sets the dimensions of the grid for the user

#Setting up bandits (User Need 3)
def banditsInTheGrid(programmerGrid): #This starts a new function with passing parameters
    banditsCounter = 0 #This defines a new local variable which the initial value of zero
    while banditsCounter < amountOfBandits: #This creates an iterative while loop for the local variable/counter
        YCoordinate = randint(0,(amountOfRows)-1) #This randomnly selects and indexes a column to assign a bandit
        XCoordinate = randint(0,(amountOfColumns)-1) #This randomnly selects and indexes a row to assign a bandit
        if programmerGrid[YCoordinate][XCoordinate] == 0: #Selection used to set a condition for the random index generated previously
            programmerGrid[YCoordinate][XCoordinate] = "B" #This assigns the random index in the array the character 'B' (for bandit)
            banditsCounter = banditsCounter + 1 #This increases the value of the counter by one

#Setting up treasure chests (User Need 3)
def treasureChestsInTheGrid(programmerGrid): #This creates a new function with passing parameters
    treasureChestsCounter = 0 #This creates a new local variable/counter
    while treasureChestsCounter < amountOfTreasureChests: #This sets up an iterative while loop for the local variable/counter
        YCoordinate = randint(0,(amountOfRows)-1) #This randomnly selects and indexes a column to assign a bandit
        XCoordinate = randint(0,(amountOfColumns)-1) #This randomnly selects and indexes a row to assign a bandit
        if programmerGrid[YCoordinate][XCoordinate] == 0: #Selection used to set a condition for the random index generated previously
            programmerGrid[YCoordinate][XCoordinate] = "TC" #This assigns the random index in the array the character 'TC' (for treasure chest)
            treasureChestsCounter = treasureChestsCounter + 1 #This increases the value of the counter by one
    userGrid[(amountOfRows)-1][0] = "P" #This creates and indexes a starting position for the player in the bottom left corner of the grid
    for row in userGrid: #For each row in the user grid...
         print(row) #The rows are outputted to the user; this outputs the user version of the grid

#Letting the user move up and down (User Need 4)
def movingUpOrDown(programmerGrid,userGrid): #This defines a new function
    global score #This allows this variable to be called outside of this function
    r = (amountOfColumns)-1 #This variable locates which column the user is in after each move
    c = 0 #This variable locates which column the user is in after each move
    while True: #This sets up an iterative while loop
        #This replaces the previous player position with a blank space (0) after the player has moved
        try:
            upOrDown = str(input("Do you want to move up or down?\nType in 'u' for up or 'd' for down: "))
#This variable indicates if the user wants to move up or down, and it must have a string data type
        except ValueError: #The error and exception checking sets a condition where the input is not the desired data type
            print("Your answer was not a letter. Please re-enter your answer as either 'u' or 'd'")
#This outputs an error message which is personalised
            continue #This continues the while loop so the user has to re-input the value
        if upOrDown.lower() =='u' or upOrDown.lower() =='d': #Condition set by selection and boolean operators for the variable value
            while True:#This sets up an iterative while loop
                 try:
                      movingUpOrDown = int(input("How many squares do you want to move up/down: "))
                 except ValueError: #The error and exception checking sets a condition where the input is not the desired data type
                     print("Your answer was not a whole number. Please re-enter your answer as a whole number")
#This outputs an error message which is personalised
                     continue #This continues the while loop so the user has to re-input the value
                 if movingUpOrDown >= 0 and movingUpOrDown < amountOfRows and upOrDown.lower() =='u':
                     if r-(movingUpOrDown) >= 0:
                         userGrid[r][c] = 0
#Condition set by selection and boolean operators for the variable value
                         userGrid[r-(movingUpOrDown)][c] = "P" #Array indexing used to mark the new player position on the grid
                         r = r - movingUpOrDown #This changes the value of the variable 'c'
                         for row in userGrid: #For each row in the user grid...
                            print(row) #The rows are outputted to the user with the new player position displayed

#Calculating the player's score (User Need 5)
                         trackPlayerPosition = programmerGrid[r][c] #This variable tracks each move the player makes by indexing the array of the grid
                         if trackPlayerPosition =="TC": #Condition set by selection for the variable value
                             score = score + 10 #This increases the players score to 10 by adding the constant 10 to it
                             print("You have landed on a treasure chest. Your score is now", score)
#Concatenation and the command 'print' is used here to output the player's new score to the user as well as the fact they landed on a treasure chest
                             programmerGrid[r][c] = "tc" #This declares that this spot in the grid is now the 2nd visit of the treasure chest
                         elif trackPlayerPosition =="tc": #If this position in the grid is the 2nd treasure chest visit then...
                             score = score + 10 #This increases the players score to 10 by adding the constant 10 to it
                             print("You have landed on a treasure chest. Your score is now", score)
#Concatenation and the command 'print' is used here to output the player's new score to the user as well as the fact they landed on a treasure chest
                             programmerGrid[r][c] = "B" #This declares that this spot in the grid is now the 3rd treasure chest visit
                         elif trackPlayerPosition =="B": #If the player visits the treasure chest a 3rd time then ...
                             score = 0 #The player's score resets to 0 as the treasure chest is now a bandit
                             print("You have landed on a bandit. Your score is now", score)
##Concatenation and the command 'print' is used here to output the player's new score to the user as well as the fact they landed on a bandit
                             programmerGrid[r][c] = 0 #This sets the space visited by the user by a neutral/empty block (0)
                         rightOrLeftMovement(userGrid,programmerGrid,r,c)
                     else:
                         print("Your answer is out of bounds. Please re-enter the value")
                 elif movingUpOrDown >= 0 and movingUpOrDown < amountOfRows and upOrDown =='d':
                     if r+(movingUpOrDown) <= (amountOfRows)-1:
                         userGrid[r][c] = 0
#Condition set by selection and boolean operators for the variable value
                         userGrid[r+(movingUpOrDown)][c] = "P" #Array indexing used to mark the new player position on the grid
                         r = r + movingUpOrDown #This changes the value of the variable 'c'
                         for row in userGrid: #For each row in the user grid...
                            print(row) #The rows are outputted to the user with the new player position displayed
                            trackPlayerPosition = programmerGrid[r][c] #This variable tracks each move the player makes by indexing the array of the grid
                         if trackPlayerPosition =="TC": #Condition set by selection for the variable value
                            score = score + 10 #This increases the players score to 10 by adding the constant 10 to it
                            print("You have landed on a treasure chest. Your score is now", score)
#Concatenation and the command 'print' is used here to output the player's new score to the user as well as the fact they landed on a treasure chest
                            programmerGrid[r][c] = "tc" #This declares that this spot in the grid is now the 2nd visit of the treasure chest
                         elif trackPlayerPosition =="tc": #If this position in the grid is the 2nd treasure chest visit then...
                            score = score + 10 #This increases the players score to 10 by adding the constant 10 to it
                            print("You have landed on a treasure chest. Your score is now", score)
#Concatenation and the command 'print' is used here to output the player's new score to the user as well as the fact they landed on a treasure chest
                            programmerGrid[r][c] = "B" #This declares that this spot in the grid is now the 3rd treasure chest visit
                         elif trackPlayerPosition =="B": #If the player visits the treasure chest a 3rd time then ...
                            score = 0 #The player's score resets to 0 as the treasure chest is now a bandit
                            print("You have landed on a bandit. Your score is now", score)
#Concatenation and the command 'print' is used here to output the player's new score to the user as well as the fact they landed on a bandit
                            programmerGrid[r][c] = 0 #This sets the space visited by the user by a neutral/empty block (0) after they have visited a bandit
                         rightOrLeftMovement(userGrid,programmerGrid,r,c) #This calls and executes this function, allowing the user to move right or left in the grid
                     else:
                         print("Your answer is out of bounds. Please re-enter the value")
                 else: #If none of the conditions have been met...
                     print("Your answer was not a number between 0 and",(amountOfRows)-1,". Please re-enter your answer as a number between 1 and",(amountOfRows)-1)
#Concatenation is used here to output an error message which is personalised
                     continue #This continues the while loop so the user has to re-input the value
        elif upOrDown !='u' or upOrDown !='d': #Selection, boolean operators and comparison operators used to set a unique condition
            print("Your answer was neither the lowercase 'u' or the lowercase 'd'. Please re-enter your answer")
#This outputs an error message which is personalised
            continue #This continues the while loop so the user has to re-input the value

#Letting the user move left and right (User Need 4)
def rightOrLeftMovement(userGrid,programmerGrid,r,c): #This defines a new function
    userGrid[r][c] = 0
    global score #This allows this variable to be called outside of this function
    while True: #This sets up an iterative while loop
        try:
            rightOrLeft = str(input("Do you want to move right or left?\nType in 'r' for right or 'l' for left: "))
#This creates a user-inputted variable which must have a string data type
        except ValueError: #The error and exception checking sets a condition where the input is not the desired data type
            print("Your answer was not a letter. Please re-enter your answer as either 'r' or 'l'")
#This outputs an error message which is personalised
            continue #This continues the loop so that the user has to re-input the value of the variable
        if rightOrLeft =='r' or rightOrLeft =='l': #Boolean operators and selection used to set a condition
            try:
                movingRightOrLeft = int(input("How many squares do you want to move right/left: "))
#This creates a user-inputted variable which must have an integer data type
            except ValueError: #The error and exception checking sets a condition where the input is not the desired data type
                print("Your answer was not a whole number. Please re-enter your answer as a whole number")
#This outputs an error message which is personalised
                continue #This continues the loop so that the user has to re-input the value of the variable
            if movingRightOrLeft >= 0 and movingRightOrLeft < amountOfColumns and rightOrLeft =='r':
                if c-(movingRightOrLeft) <= amountOfColumns:
                    userGrid[r][c] = 0
#Selection and boolean operators used to set a condition here
                    userGrid[r][c+(movingRightOrLeft)] = "P" #This assigns a new player position according to the movement
                    c = c+(movingRightOrLeft) #This variable has been assigned a new value here
                    for row in userGrid: #Iterative for loop used here to access each row in the user version of the grid
                        print(row) #Each row in the user grid is outputted to the user by the command 'print'

#Calculating the player's score (User Need 5)
                        trackPlayerPosition = programmerGrid[r][c] #This variable tracks the player position in the grid
                        if trackPlayerPosition =="TC": #Selection used to see what the user lands on in the grid
                            score = score + 10 #This increases the players score to 10 by adding the constant 10 to it
#Outputting the new score to the user (User Need 7)
                            print("You have landed on a treasure chest. Your score is now", score)
                            #This outputs the new score to the user whenever they land on a treasure chest
                            programmerGrid[r][c] = "tc" #This declares that this spot in the grid is now the 2nd visit of the treasure chest
                        elif trackPlayerPosition =="tc": #If this position in the grid is the 2nd treasure chest visit then...
                            score = score + 10 #The score is increased by the constant 10
#Outputting the new score to the user (User Need 7)
                            print("You have landed on a treasure chest. Your score is now", score)
                            #This outputs the new score to the user whenever they land on a treasure chest
                            programmerGrid[r][c] = "B" #This declares that this spot in the grid is now the 3rd treasure chest visit
#Replacing a treasure chest with a bandit after the 3rd visit (User Need 6)
                        elif trackPlayerPosition =="B": #If the player visits the treasure chest a 3rd time then ...
                            score = 0 #The player's score resets to 0 as the treasure chest is now a bandit
#Outputting the new score to the user (User Need 7)
                            print("You have landed on a bandit. Your score is now", score)
                            #This outputs to the user that they have now landed on a bandit, and then outputs their new score
                            programmerGrid[r][c] = 0 #This sets the space visited by the user by a neutral/empty block (0)
                    movingUpOrDown(programmerGrid,userGrid) #This calls the function, allowing the user to move up or down again in the grid
                else:
                    print("Your answer is out of bounds. Please re-enter the value")
            elif movingRightOrLeft >= 0 and movingRightOrLeft < amountOfColumns and rightOrLeft =='l':
                if (movingRightOrLeft)-c >= amountOfColumns
                    userGrid[r][c] = 0
#Selection, boolean operators and comparison operators used to set a unique condition
                    userGrid[r][c-(movingRightOrLeft)] = "P" #This assigns the new player position in the grid where the player has chosen to move
                    c = c-(movingRightOrLeft) #This updates what column the user is in the grid
                    for row in userGrid: #For loop used to access each row in the user version of the grid
                        print(row) #Each row of the grid is printed to the user with the new player position shown
                        trackPlayerPosition = programmerGrid[r][c] #This variable tracks the player's position in the grid
                        if trackPlayerPosition =="TC": #If the player lands on a treasure chest then...
                            score = score + 10 #This increases the players score to 10 by adding the constant 10 to it
                            print("You have landed on a treasure chest. Your score is now", score)
#This outputs the new score to the user whenever they land on a treasure chest
                            programmerGrid[r][c] = "tc" #This declares that this spot in the grid is now the 2nd visit of the treasure chest
                        elif trackPlayerPosition =="tc": #Selection used to set a condition for this position in the grid
                            score = score + 10 #This increases the players score to 10 by adding the constant 10 to it
                            print("You have landed on a treasure chest. Your score is now", score)
#This outputs the new score to the user whenever they land on a treasure chest
                            programmerGrid[r][c] = "B" #This declares that this spot in the grid is now the 3rd treasure chest visit
                        elif trackPlayerPosition =="B": #If the player visits the treasure chest a 3rd time then ...
                            score = 0 #The player's score resets to 0 as the treasure chest is now a bandit
                            print("You have landed on a bandit. Your score is now", score)
#This outputs to the user that they have now landed on a bandit, and then outputs their new score
                            programmerGrid[r][c] = 0 #This sets the space visited by the user by a neutral/empty block (0)
                    movingUpOrDown(programmerGrid,userGrid) #This calls the function, allowing the user to move up or down again in the grid
                else:
                    print("Your answer is out of bounds. Please re-enter the value")
            else: #If none of the other conditions have been met then...
                print("Your answer was not a number between 0 and",(amountOfColumns)-1,". Please re-enter your answer as a number between 1 and",(amountOfColumns)-1)
                #If the value is not between 0 and the amount of columns, then this error message is outputted to the user...
                continue #...And the user has to re-input the value of the variable again because of the loop
        else: #If none of the other conditions have been met then...
            print("Your answer was neither the lowercase 'r' or the lowercase 'l'. Please re-enter your answer")
            #If the input is not a lowercase 'r' or 'l', then this error message is displayed to the user
            continue #...And the user has to re-input the value of the variable again because of the loop

#Notifying if the user has won and lost and their score and total moves made (User Need 8)

if score >= 100: #Selection and comparison operators used to set a condition
    print("Congratulations, you have gained 100 gold coins!\nYou have won the treasure hunt game.")
#This outputs a congratulations message to the user indicating that they have won the game

#Returning the user back to the main menu (User Need 9)
    menu() #This calls and runs the 'menu' function (returns the user back to the menu)

elif score < 100 and programmerGrid[:]!= "TC" and programmerGrid[:]!= "tc":
#Selection, comparison operators and boolean operators used to set a condition here
    print("Sorry, you have visited all the treasure chests 3 times and not gained 100 gold coins.\nYou have lost the treasure hunt game as your score was only", score,".")
#This outputs a consolation message to the user indicating that they have lost the game

#Returning the user back to the main menu (User Need 9)
    menu() #This calls and runs the 'menu' function (returns the user back to the menu)


menu() #This calls and runs the 'menu' function