Quiz

1. Hyposecretion:
Primary: abnormality in the gland
Secondary: abnormality in stimulation from the pituitary
Tertiary: abnormality in stimulation from hypothalamus

2.

3. If the anterior pituitary is damaged, the hormone most likely to be affected is Equally affected?
ADH (synthesised in hypothalamus stored in posterior)
TSH (anterior)
ACTH (anterior)* not sure if was in list of options
Growth hormone (anterior)
Equally affected
DAFUQ?!?!??!?!

4. Faulty receptors = hyporesponsiveness

5. Briefly explain ketoacidosis
-In Type 1 diabetes mellitus
-absolute deficiency of insulin
-autoimmune disease -> B-cell destruction
 -> therefore cannot absorb glucose in blood
-results in body alternative for energy source: breakdown of fatty acids yields ketone bodies
 ->Ketoacidosis -> decreased ph (acidic) -> coma

6. Hyperthyroidism: Graves' disease / Hypothyroidism: Hashimoto's disease

7. Hyperglycaemia leads to: i,ii,iii,iv

8. Protruding eyeballs is due to Hyperthroidism

9.  Hormone responsible for type 2 diabetes mellitus is insulin
- fat, liver, and muscle cells does not respond to insulin
- Present in blood in high amounts

10. Pituitary Gigantism is due to increase of growth hormone before growth in long bones has caesed.


Might be in test?
Osmolarity = measure of concentration of Na, Cl, glucose

Diagnostic for DM
-	Polyuria, Polyphagia, Polydipsia
-	Fasting venous plasma glucose >=7mmol/L, random venous glucose & OGTT >=11.1mmol/L, HbA1c >8%