/**
 * fifteen.c
 *
 * Implements Game of Fifteen (generalized to d x d).
 *
 * Usage: fifteen d
 *
 * whereby the board's dimensions are to be d x d,
 * where d must be in [DIM_MIN,DIM_MAX]
 *
 * Note that usleep is obsolete, but it offers more granularity than
 * sleep and is simpler to use than nanosleep; `man usleep` for more.
 */

#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500

#include <cs50.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>

// constants
#define DIM_MIN 3
#define DIM_MAX 9

// board
int board[DIM_MAX][DIM_MAX];

// dimensions
int d;

// prototypes
void clear(void);
void greet(void);
void init(void);
void draw(void);
bool move(int tile);
bool won(void);

int main(int argc, string argv[])
{
    // ensure proper usage
    if (argc != 2)
    {
        printf("Usage: fifteen d\n");
        return 1;
    }

    // ensure valid dimensions
    d = atoi(argv[1]);
    if (d < DIM_MIN || d > DIM_MAX)
    {
        printf("Board must be between %i x %i and %i x %i, inclusive.\n",
            DIM_MIN, DIM_MIN, DIM_MAX, DIM_MAX);
        return 2;
    }

    // open log
    FILE *file = fopen("log.txt", "w");
    if (file == NULL)
    {
        return 3;
    }

    // greet user with instructions
    greet();

    // initialize the board
    init();

    // accept moves until game is won
    while (true)
    {
        // clear the screen
        clear();

        // draw the current state of the board
        draw();

        // log the current state of the board (for testing)
        for (int i = 0; i < d; i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < d; j++)
            {
                fprintf(file, "%i", board[i][j]);
                if (j < d - 1)
                {
                    fprintf(file, "|");
                }
            }
            fprintf(file, "\n");
        }
        fflush(file);

        // check for win
        if (won())
        {
         printf("ftw!\n");
         break;
        }

        // prompt for move
        printf("Tile to move: ");
        int tile = get_int();

        // quit if user inputs 0 (for testing)
        if (tile == 0)
        {
            break;
        }

        // log move (for testing)
        fprintf(file, "%i\n", tile);
        fflush(file);

        // move if possible, else report illegality
        if (!move(tile))
        {
            printf("\nIllegal move.\n");
            usleep(500000);
        }

        // sleep thread for animation's sake
        usleep(500000);
    }

    // close log
    fclose(file);

    // success
    return 0;
}

/**
 * Clears screen using ANSI escape sequences.
 */
void clear(void)
{
    printf("\033[2J");
    printf("\033[%d;%dH", 0, 0);
}

/**
 * Greets player.
 */
void greet(void)
{
    clear();
    printf("WELCOME TO GAME OF FIFTEEN\n");
    usleep(2000000);
}

/**
 * Initializes the game's board with tiles numbered 1 through d*d - 1
 * (i.e., fills 2D array with values but does not actually print them).
 */
void init(void)
{
     //represent the total numbers of tiles which correspond the variable d entered
    int total_tiles = (d * d) - 1;

     //set a value for each tile

     //iterate for each row and column
    for (int i= 0; i < d; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < d; j++)
        {
             // set value in descending way, left to right, top to bottom
            board[i][j] = total_tiles;
            total_tiles --;
        }
    }

     //reverse when d is even, reverse numbers 2 and 1
    if (d % 2 == 0)
        {
            board[d - 1][d - 3] = 1;
            board[d - 1][d - 2] = 2;
        }

}
/**
 * Prints the board in its current state.
 */
void draw(void)
{
     // iterate for each row and column
    for (int i = 0; i < d; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < d; j++)
        {

            //print the value of each tile with a space before each numbers
            if (board[i][j] > 0)
            {
                printf("%2d", board[i][j]);
            }

             // print blank space with a symbol
            if (board[i][j] == 0)
            {
                printf(" -");
            }
        }
    printf("\n");
    }
}

/**
 * If tile borders empty space, moves tile and returns true, else
 * returns false.
 */
bool move(int tile)
 //int tile is number choosen to move by the player
{
  int i = 0;  // row
  int j = 0;  // column


     // find the location of the number choosen by player
    for (i = 0; i < d; i++)
    {
        for (j = 0; j < d; j++)
        {
            if (board[i][j] == tile)
            {

                 //check if tile's location is a legal move from the blank's tile
                if (i - 1 >= 0 && board[i - 1][j] == 0) // if blank is above tile
                {
                     // swap the blank's tile and the tile
                    int tmp = board[i][j];
                    board[i][j] = board[i - 1][j];
                    board[i - 1][j] = tmp;
                    return true;
                }

                else if (i + 1 < d && board[i + 1][j] ==  0) // if blank is top tile
                {
                    int tmp = board[i][j];
                    board[i][j] = board[i + 1][j];
                    board[i + 1][j] = tmp;
                    return true;
                }

                else if (j + 1 < d && board[i][j + 1] == 0) // if blank is above left to
                {
                    int tmp = board[i][j];
                    board[i][j] = board[i][j + 1];
                    board[i][j + 1] = tmp;
                    return true;
                }

                else if (j - 1 >= 0 && board[i][j - 1] == 0) // if blank is right to tile
                {
                    int tmp = board[i][j];
                    board[i][j] = board[i][j - 1];
                    board[i][j - 1] = tmp;
                    return true;
                }
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
    return 0;
}


/**
 * Returns true if game is won (i.e., board is in winning configuration),
 * else false.{
 */
bool won(void)
{

//first number is 1
int count = 1;

    for (int i = 0; i < d; i++)
    {
       for (int j = 0; j < d; j++)
       {
           if(board[i][j] != count++ && !( (i==d-1) && (j==d-1) ))
           {
               return false;
           }
       }
    }
    return true;
}