Taller de Fibra Optica

video 1
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link: https://www.facebook.com/watch/live/?ref=watch_permalink&v=645451910047972

I. Means of transportation.

	A) xDSL:
		- tecnología antigua and in its time it was good.
		- conectividad a internet con cable de cobre.
		- transmit high bandwidth buy only to 300m at best. after that length it was needed an amplifier to keep sending the signal.
	B) HFC:
		- "hybrid fiber coaxial"
		- can transmit signal very far (e.g., km)
		- fiber, send signal for the whole system; coaxial, send signal to end user (client)
	C) Optical Access:
		- 100% fiber, from ISP's HQ to client's house.
		- "OLT", principal terminal in ISP's HQ; "ONT", end user device, which recibe OLT signal.

II.

fiber optic transmit an infrared light type (naked eye can't see them)
optic transmitter used to be LED based, now they use "laser diode" because it has more bandwidth of light intensity.

III. Types of fiber optic

	A) Multi-mode:
		- first gen fiber optic.
		- DISADVANTAGE = low bandwidth, low speed, only for short distance (e.g., 150 m).
		- ADVANTAGE: low cost, more than 1 ray of light is transmitted (all rays must reach the end of the fiber at same time [in sync]).
		- A NEW TECHNOLOGY OF MULTI-MODE CALLED "MULTIMODE GRADED INDEX FIBER" (not new but still)
		-

	B) Single mode (a.k.a., monomodo):


		- ADVANTAGE: long distance (e.g., 150 km, 60 km, ...), high bandwidth


IV. Absorption (a.k.a., atenuacion) url: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LVRUwlt0_BM&ab_channel=thefoainc

	- due to impurity in the fiber (e.g., gas form of water)
	- fiber cable is Bendt to much.
	- absorption has its own coefficient.
	- two types of absorption:
		>intrinsic: it came from factory by default (e.g., imperfections inside the cable)
		>extrinsic: e.g., cable is bendt to much, splicing (joining 2 fiber optic nucleos cable)
	- wavelength range of operation:
		>multimode wavelength range only (ventana 1) => 800 ~ 900 nm, single mode cant work in that range.
		>single-mode => (aprox) 1300 ~ 1500 nm (ventana2), c. 1500 nm (ventana 3),
	- dB = 10 log (Pot_in/Pot_out)	[this formula is form 1 km]


V. WDM (wavelength division multiplexing)
	- send multiples ray of light through the same medium (e.g., copper cable)







	A) intr











TIPS.
>a smaller nucleus (fiber) -> greater the bandwidth will transmit
>longitud de onda = wavelength (distance between 2 peaks, measured in nanometer // distance determine the color of wavelength)
1495 nm, 1310 nm, 1550 nm.
>transeiver = transform light signal (optic) into current signal. So you can use it in your switches. There are alot of diff. type of transcievers.

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