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- Zohar Dictionary
- Daniel Matt
- This is a partial Zohar dictionary, which I have composed over the past 17 years while working on The Zohar: Pritzker Edition. It takes a little getting used to, since it follows the order of the English alphabet, although the entries represent the transliteration of Aramaic (and Hebrew) words and roots. It will be useful for those working (and playing) with the original Aramaic text.
- ad ki - so that
- adehakhi – meanwhile, after a while, in the meantime, at this (that) moment, a moment later, in a moment, just then, then, soon, at the same time, as he did so; Soncino: as he said this, presently; KC: while at that,
- adei – depart, remove, cease, withdraw, draw, divest, turn aside, deviate, leave, move, eliminate, confiscate, withhold, deprive, abandon, devoid, lacking, missing; conceive, become pregnant
- adei – it’addei – delight, indulge
- a’eil – bring, bring in, bring before, conduct into, usher in, escort, lead in, allowed to enter, draw in, convey in, guide in, carry in, deliver in, insert, place in (within), put in, send in, initiate, induct, introduce, inject, infuse (304.3), cast, thrust; bring into contact; obtrude, impose; penetrate; immersed
- ahd, ahid, itahid – embrace (= grasp and unite), link, grasp, clasp, seize, grab, clutch, latch on, snatch, attach, adhere, graft, connect, join, adjoin, band (together), hold, hold together, hold fast, hold firm, take hold, tie, possess, unite, merge, splice, catch, grip, fasten, cling, intermingle, weave, interweave, intersect, interlink, compose, constitute, comprise, intertwine, blend; 1:152b itaheid be-ilana; 193a: ahidan be-ilana – joined to the Tree of Life, grasping the Tree of Life
- ahr – other, alien, foreign, sinister
- akv – delay, postpone, detain, prevent, thwart, hinder, restrain, deter, withhold, defer, hold back, linger, stay, remain, tarry, refrain, hesitate, impeded, suspend, stop, prolong, protract, extend, dally, dwell on
- al kol panim – anyhow, anyway, in any case; nevertheless
- alma – be-alma – merely, in a general way, indirect, slight, simple, simply
- semakh be-alma – an allusion, merely a support, merely an allusion; merely an intimation (Ramban, Gen 29:27)
- amn – omana – artistry, craftsmanship, worksmanship, skill; artisan; art, craft
- amr – say, discuss, explain, expound, state, claim, assert, affirm, exclaim, proclaim, declare, mention, speak, express, convey, comment, remark, note, tell, recount, utter, describe, emit, recite, enunciate; say to oneself, think, imagine, contemplate; refer, announce, report, deliver, address, cry, order, ascribe
- hai qera al… itmar - This verse was uttered concerning (for)
- hevei eima – you must say, admit
- eser amiran - ten utterances
- ani - Shekhinah, the Divine Presence, is also known as I, because through Her the Divine reveals itself, declaring “I am.”
- See Zohar 1:6a–b, 65b, 204b, 228a; 2:236b; 3:178b; Moses de León, Sefer ha-Rimmon, 380 (and Wolfson’s notes 8–9). Cf. Vol. 4, p. 264, n. 231
- aqm – tortuous, twisting, winding, contortion; twistingly; crooked, perverse; distort
- aqr – uproot, eradicate, pluck, extirpate, detach
- aqt – aqta – trouble, affliction, hardship, distress
- arfl - dense cloud, thick cloud, thick darkness, dense fog
- ari – mai qa mairei – what is it (this) dealing with? what does this indicate, point out, signify? ?? ?? ????, ?? ??????
- arkh – orikh, prolong, elongate, extend, delay (postpone, defer, put off), wait patiently, bear with him, tolerate, endure, abide (1:62b, 65b: the span of time He had patiently extended); restrain (anger)
- arikh rugza – delay (postpone, defer, put off) anger, patient, bearing with him, shows forbearance, is long-suffering;
- ara — encounter, come upon, happen upon, happen, occur, chance, turn up, spring up, arise, come along, appear, manifest, find oneself in, befall, meet, collide; onq gen 28:11, va-yifga ba-makom, reached, lighted upon, encountered; num 23:4,16, va-yiqar encountered, met (2 havrayya); 1:131b: Abraham’s merit lighted upon (encountered, manifested to) that servant.
- ashsh – ashishta, ashashita – lantern (1:33b), crystal (2:23a, 221a). Also 2:82a, 26; 2:130b. Tishby, Wisdom of the Zohar, 3:910: crystal ball
- ashashit – Berakhot 25b, Rosh ha-Shanah 24a – lantern, glass, anything transparent
- asq – exert, ply, occupy, deal, absorb, engross, engage, turn one’s attention, indulge
- eseq – affairs, concerns, business, dealings, circumstances, doings, conditions
- ata – come, proceed, derive, stem, appear, arrive, reach, approach, advance; try, intend, seek
- le-ma’utei ka ata – indicates exclusion (limitation), intends to exclude (limit)
- atei le- apt to, likely to, comes in order to
- li-drasha ata – comes (in order) to be expounded,
- the text is inserted for a homiletical purpose, this verse is written for the sake of new interpretations, comes for exegesis; Since the entire context was to serve the purpose of exposition, this thing was also included that it may serve the purpose of exposition (Soncino, Talmud)
- This verse comes in order to be expounded, see BT Megillah 2b, Yevamot 54b, Qiddushin 4a, Sanhedrin 55a; Zohar 2:29b–30a, 160b, 175a; 3:32a, 87b, 267a; ZH 25d (MhN), 86a–b (MhN, Rut); Gikatilla, Sha’arei Orah, 2a; Matt, “New-Ancient Words,” 198.
- atd - itatad - stationed, destined, intended, designated, prepared, ready, arranged (table); Onk: hityatsev – station oneself, stand, take (assume) one’s place, present oneself, be poised
- atm – obstruct (uncircumcised); aral lev; arl = atm, rashi on ex 6:12; deut 10:16; closed-minded (rather than close-minded) constricted, closed, stopped up
- atimei libba – closed-minded, hard-hearted, slow-witted
- atr – (or dukhta) place, site, realm, location, abode, domain, sphere, zone, field, region, space, spot, area, point, position, scope
- be-khol atar – universally, everywhere, in every instance, constantly, always, invariably
- atr – itattara – crowned, adorned, wreathed, enwreathed; distinguished; rabbinic hebrew: be surrounded, protected saved (crowned, adorned with, or in, not by)
- atsl – withdraw, reserve, hold back,
- attah – On Shekhinah as ??? (attah), see Zohar 1:15b, 37a, 154b, 158b, 169a, 198a, 205b; 2:23b, 70a (RR), 104a, 138b, 140a, 221a, 261a (Heikh); 3:199a. Cf. 3:193b.
- va-attah – Shekhinah and Tif’eret 2:23b, 179b. Cf. 3:193b – 3 sites of attah.
- attah – hsd 3:193b (3 sefirot), 271a
- attah and hu, see Sha’arei Zohar, 17b–d.
- Cf. 3:290a (IZ) ze’ier - attah
- avd – mai avideteih, aihu, what is its nature, what is the point of mentioning, what business had he…, what is the point; what does this have to do; what is he doing, what does he do?
- avd, avidta, ovada – work, workmanship, exploit, deed, action, act, activity, activation, product, creation, making, construction, fashioning, incident, event, occurrence, doing, affair, episode, story, narrative,, conduct, what had happened, phenomenon, history, case, legal decision, actualization, practice, procedure, account
- avidteih – its nature, condition, function
- aveid - it’avid – become, transformed into, turn into; do, make, act, operate, deal with, form, fashion, construct, build, produce, generate, yield, compose, arrange, enact, actualize, activate, realize, manifest, perform, observe, keep (commandments), effect, affect, prepare, offer (sacrifice), happen, transpire, occur, execute, perpetrate, inflict, achieve, accomplish, succeed, attain, fulfill, carry out, administer, render, (convey, express action), provide, bestow, cause, undertake, embark on (upon), engage in, practice, cultivate, appoint, function, engineer
- avd dina – execute, enact Judgment
- aveid toledin – generate offspring
- avd – it’avid – be lost, annihilated, exterminated, eliminated, removed, destroyed, disappeared, vanish, fade, perish, waste, be deprived of, bereft
- aveira – air, ether, atmosphere, aura, layer of atmosphere
- avr – itabbar – be removed, disappear, pass away, eliminate, vanish, taken from, deprive, divest; transfer; withdraw; deviate from
- ayn – eye, inspect, examine, look closely, scrutinize, seek, peruse
- azl - go (wandered thru the desert), go on, walk, travel (walking on the way), traverse, cross, leave, move, proceed, journey, advance, follow, range, sail, roam, spread, swim; imitate; Bible - go away, disappear; azl be- undergo; azl ve- …along, about;
- havo azelei be-orha– were traveling on the road (way), not necessarily walking – 2:36b, one of them riding a donkey; 2:155b: two riding donkeys; 2:163b, all of them riding donkeys; 5a (MhN); Pechter, “Bein Lailah le-Voqer,” 314, n. 13;
- azelu – they went on, went along, went their way
- azela ha ke-ha… – this accords with, follows
- azl batar – follow
- ba al (atta al) copulate, fornicate, cohabit
- ba’eir – exterminate, annihilate, eliminate, destroy, consume, burn, rid, sweep away (Tigay, 131)
- ba’ash – putrefy, cause to decay, make smell badly, befoul, pollute, (inflict) harm, hurt, injure, corrupt, harass, torment, afflict, do (inflict) evil, bad, wretched, horrible, malevolent; be displeased, tormented, distressed
- av’ish - obnoxious
- bahadeih – immo, al yado, with, towards
- le-miqrav (le-qarva, le-itqarrava) ba-hadeih – to approach him, it - 1:29b, 31b, 53a, 68b, 169b, 199a, 31; 2:3b, 247b; 3:78b
- be’ei - verge, about to, on the verge of, on the point of, ready to, intending to, intend, destined, threaten, mean, ask, seek, request, plead, search for, inquire, desire, want, wish, aspire, yearn, crave, try to, have to, must, should, necessary, essential, require(d), need, requisite; demand;
- la be’ei – refuse, be unwilling, reluctant, have no desire to, not care to
- on the verge of, be about to – Daniel 2:13; Genesis 43:30 (bqsh), Sarna; Yoma 1:7 (bqsh)
- be’ei rahamei – plead (beg, ask, pray) for mercy
- mah (qa) ba’ei hakha – what need here, why is this required (needed) here, what does it want here, what is it doing here? what does the verse wish to say with the statement…? what need is there to mention here?
- be-gin – by virtue of, on account of, for the sake of, on behalf of, in order to, so that, so as to, because of, due to, concerning, regarding, thanks to, by means of, through (RT 155.9); be-gin de – by virtue of which (201b, 7); be-gin kakh – thereby, accordingly, consequently, therefore, so, for this, for this reason, purpose, hence, thus
- be-gin… amar – that he was referring to
- ben - belonging to, inherit, fit for, destined, denizen, member, admitted to
- benei alma – inhabitants of the world, humanity, humankind
- bhl behilu – bi-vhilu, Onk for be-hipazon; panicky, impulsive; urgently, feverishly, desperately, in a hurry, hurriedly; haste (trepidation – Everett); with speed; Ezra 4:23 – quickly; agitated
- bnh – build, construct, compose, make, fashion, base, establish
- binyana – building, structure, construction
- binyan av – paradigm, general principle, analogy
- botsina – lamp, spark, scintilla
- 1:3b: the Holy Lamp Aramaic, ?????? ????? (botsina qaddisha), the Zoharic title of Rabbi Shim’on bar Yohai. See Zohar 1:3b-4a, 156a, 197b; 3:171a; ZH 85d (MhN, Rut).
- See 2 Samuel 21:17; Bereshit Rabbah 85:4; BT, Ketubbot 17a, where Rabbi Abbahu is called: ?????? ?????? (botsina di-nhora), “Lamp of Light”; and Berakhot 28b, where Rabban Yohanan ben Zakkai is called?? ????? (ner yisra’el), “Lamp of Israel.”
- Sokoloff, Levy, Mirkin, Liebes: bo, not bu
- bqa – cleave, split, crack, pierce, penetrate, sever, break, burst, burst forth
- bqr – ulvaqqer – to contemplate, reflect, frequent, seek, inquire, examine (the offering); (awakening each dawn, morning – Dahood)
- bri – al buryeih – soundly, thoroughly, (he’emid al buryo - was clearly settled, ascertain the truth of the matter); bri – certain. Cf. brr.
- al buryo – on (to) his vigor, strength, health, normal condition; Mekhilta – al mish’anto; Jas 150a. hair in place
- amad al buryo - Tanhuma, Pinchas 5, be steadfast (Chabad); Bemidbar Rabbah 21:8 – stand safe and sound (Soncino)
- shaqit al buryeih – securely tranquil 3:140a
- imdi al buryekh (Sotah 7b) - rely on your purity (Soncino)
- brr – refine, clarify, purify, select, sift, winnow (out), purge; cd – brr & pesolet; 1:16a, 199a, 30-31; prove, confirm; clear, certain, set apart. Cf. bri
- beriru (berira) de-millah – elucidation (clarification) of the matter, lucidity of the word (clarity)
- bsm – itbassam – sweeten, temper, appease, assuage, mitigate, perfume, spice, fragrant, scent, intoxicate, make cheerful, please; sweetly drunk
- fragrantly firm, sweetly firm, redolently firm; rendered (became, turned) firm and fragrant, temper; establish sweetly, sweetened, perfumed; MT 388 n44; Kabbalah, 228; sweetly steady
- “Firm and fragrant” renders the Aramaic, ?????? (itbassamat), “was sweetened” or “was firmly established.” The root bsm conveys both senses. See Bereshit Rabbah 66:2; Midrash Shemu’el 26:4; Zohar 1:30b, 31a, 34a, 37a, 56a; 2:143a, 168a, 227a; 3:18a; N. Bronsnick, in Sinai 63:1-2 (1968): 81-85; Scholem, Kabbalah, 228; Mopsik, 3:164, n. 19 (attentuate harshness of judgment)
- qetoret busmin – aromatic incense, fragrant incense
- bsr – itbassar – gladdened, informed of [given] the good news, informed, assured, promised, announced, bring (provide,take) someone good news, bear good tidings, herald; report, tell; proclaim the good news, tidings; bring a message
- besorah – tidings, news, good news
- btl – abolish, annul, cancel, nullify, come to naught, negate, renounce, put an end, do away with, cease, pass away, suspend, revoke, invalidate, void, neglect, thwart, frustrate, neutralize, stagnate, be idle; eliminate; frivolous (talk)
- btn – belly, womb, internal organs, loins
- btr, le-vatar - subsequently, afterward, later
- bts’ – betsa – gain, dishonest (unjust, unlawful, ill-gotten) gain, bribery
- btsh – strike, knock, beat, tap, slap, clap, dash, kick (BT); collide
- da’at – la nah da’ateih – his mind was not soothed (relieved, did not calm down, was not at rest, at ease), he was not satisfied, he remained uneasy
- darga - rung, degree, level, step, grade, rank
- davar aher – alternatively, another word, another thing
- dbq - cleave, cling, join, adjoin, conjoin, unite, adhere, attach, overtake, fuse
- itdabbaq, itdevaq, le-adbeqa – grasp, apprehend, comprehend, fathom, seize, absorb, attain, get hold of
- dbr – lead, conduct, guide, control, direct, drive
- de – when (2:136a, 33: ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????)
- deyoqna - image, form, figure, features
- deyoqna di-khlil kol deyoqnin - Liebes, Peraqim, 50-51; Mopsik, 3:178-79, n. 34
- dgm dugma – archetype, paradigm, pattern, model, patterned on, after
- dhi – repel, repulse, push, push away, push aside, reject, thrust, thrust away, drive, drive away, expel, dispel, dissipate, fend off, exclude; postpone, defer (dhi sha’ata – sometimes like dhq sha’ata)
- dhl – dahla – deity
- dehilu ve-eimta – fear and awe
- dhl – fear, afraid, revere, awe
- dhq – push, pressure, constrict (narrow), press, oppress, hard pressed, harass, urge, repluse; duhqa – distress, constriction, crowding
- dhq sha’ata – force time, act impulsively; times were stressful (1:72b; 2:38b; 3:33b, 60a, 78b, 34-35)
- din – judge, punish, condemn, sentence, doom, try; case, claim, judgment, punishment, rule
- din dinin – chastisers
- dina – judgment, justice, punishment, case, sentence
- dan dina – render judgment, pass judgment, judge (try) a case (cases), adjudicate; reaching, coming to a conclusion; execute (enact, render) judgment, pass sentence; hold court
- avd dina – render, execute judgment
- mara de-dina – prosecutor (Goldstein), accuser, litigant, plaintiff, complainant, opponent, incriminator; master of judgment
- dina qashya – harsh Judgment (or severe, strict, stern, rigorous)
- dinin bishin - baneful chastisers
- be-din - strict, severe, harsh
- dir – dira – abode, dwelling, home
- dkhr – remind, recall, mention, call to mind, call attention to, point out, recount, evoke, invoke
- dlg – skip, jump, spring; dart, pounce
- dltr – denouncer, informer; defame, slander
- dofi – haggadot shel dofi (BT Sanhedrin 99b): blasphemous interpretation, by means of blasphemous haggadot (Pines), fault-finding (Jastrow)
- dq – tenuous, thin, slender, fine, subtle, rarefied, delicate, ethereal, minute, small, faint, narrow, refined
- deqiqu – tenuity
- diqduqa – subtle point, fine point, precise analysis
- drg – darga – rung, level, degree
- drsh – expound, interpret, discourse
- dvv – marei devavu – masters of enmity; enemy, adversary, archenemy, foe, antagonist (Onkelos, ba’al devav – enemy, foe; devavu, eivah Gen 3:15) eivah – enmity, hostile disposition
- eden (idduna)– delight, bliss
- eila – le-eila – on high, above
- le-eila, le-eila - higher and higher, high above
- eina – eye, marei de-aynin, watchful eyes, masters of eyes
- eita – advice, counsel, plan (evil, bad)
- elbon – humiliation, shame (neglect, denigration)
- ella – rather, in fact, indeed, well, because, it is simply because, only because, it is nothing less than; because the word implies, so the word may be read, the answer is, the reason is, the explanation is, but; ah; oh, but; yes, but; yet, however; though, although; the meaning, however; it means, however; in any case, nevertheless, now, well, in truth, the truth is, but really, actually, it was only, must (it must be, it must refer to, etc.)
- ein ella – must be, is (means, expresses, conveys) nothing but, is none other than, is only, nothing but (if not)
- Elohim – Binah, Gevurah, Shekhinah 2:207b
- ervat davar - nakedness of a thing; something indecent, immoral, obnoxious; some shamefully exposed thing (Alter)
- fnk – tafnuk – delicacies, delights, luxuries; pamper, spoil
- gabbei, le-gabbei – with, together with, by, towards
- gardinei nimusin – wardens of judgment (of law), guardsmen, guardians (Liebes, Peraqim, 347); see Scholem on Spanish origin of gardina. Gardinei derives from the Castilian guardián. See Corominas, Diccionario, 3:246-48.
- gardinei tehirin – dazzling guardsmen (guardians); dazzling, demonic guardsmen (guardians) 1:203b; zp 3:246, n. 401
- gin, be-gin – on account of, for the sake of, by virtue of, because of, as a result of, owing to, thanks to, in view of, derive from
- glf - carve, hew, engrave, grave; inlay, inset, embed
- glgl – gilgel gilgulim; Liebes, 299-300; rotate rotations (110b), spin schemes (158b, 199a, 19; 201b, 4), put someone through ordeals (Soncino, 199a, 19), intrigue (Mopsik – 200b, 9), procedure (Soncino – 200b, 9); tortuousness, tortuosity, convolution; permutation of letters, Liebes, Peraqim, 293; roll, revolve, spin, rotate, turn
- galgal – (rolling) wave; Liebes, Peraqim, 296; medieval Spanish Hebrew poetry; 2:27b, 50b
- gilgul – rolling, whirling, revolving, revolution, rotation, turning, cycle, migration, transmigration, reincarnation, orbit
- gilgulin de-mitgalgelan - cycles revolving
- glgl be-gilgul - revolving in (many) convolutions
- glh – reveal, uncover, disclose, unsheathe, expose
- gillui arayot – exposing nakedness, fornication, having sexual relations, incest, illicit sexual intercourse, sexual immorality
- glm – embody, materialize, take shape, wrap, enfold
- gnh – genai – disrespectful, unbecoming, undignified, disgraceful, shameful, insult, dishonor
- gnv – gnv da’at – deceive, delude, cheat, trick, create a false impression, make believe, outwit, outsmart; steal, appropriate the mind
- gnz – treasure away, hide (away), secrete, conceal, store away; hidden treasure; treasure chamber, treasure house, storeroom, storehouse
- go – mi-go - through, by means of (2:239b, 4)
- gr’ – gara – lessen, decrease, reduce, deduct, subtract, withdraw, withhold, diminish, be inferior, omit, delete, deprive, deteriorate, degenerate, regress, deficient, defective; lack, diminution, deduction; deficit, detriment
- grm – prove decisive, cause, bring about, bring upon, engender, effectuate, take effect, have an effect, be effective, effectively, determine, was determinative, be the cause, provoke, instigate, incite, induce, stimulate, influence, consequence, dominate, predominate, sway, matter, count, carry weight, prevail, enable, manage to, inflict (damage), to ruin; on account of; tip the scale
- shema gerim – the name determines (one’s destiny), causes, effectuates, has an effect, is effective, proves decisive, is decisive, prevails;
- sha’ata gerim – the decisive moment, as determined by the hour
- gerim mota – inflict death upon, engender death, bring death into, upon
- shema yigrom ha-het – perhaps sin will be the cause
- gshp – gushpanqa – signet ring, seal, sealing
- gvn – color, nuance, hue, shade, shade of meaning, sense, tone, way, manner, fashion, stain, tinge, mode, aspect, respect, facet, pattern, likeness, semblance, kind, type, shape (terein – twofold), taste
- gvn - ke-gavna – like, likewise, as, modeled on, resembling, similar, corresponding, matching, on the pattern, semblance, (in the) likeness, in accordance with, as a counterpart
- ke-hai gavna – follows this pattern, correspondingly, similarly, accordingly, likewise, in the same manner, way, kind
- ke-gavna dil’eila - corresponding to (after, on; follow, formed on, modeled on) the pattern (manner, model) above; corresponding to the supernal pattern; resembles…
- ve-khola ke-gavna dil’eila – corresponding entirely to the pattern above, to the supernal pattern
- gzr – decree, ordain, articulate; cut, circumcise
- gzr – gezerah shavah – similarity of the phrase, verbal analogy
- ha – look, here, behold; surely, of course, already, after all; in fact (Sok), actually, yet, now, and now, yes, well; well, look at; well, what about; just then; de-ha – whereas, that indeed; this, that
- ve-ha itmar – it has in fact been stated, (how can this be) seeing that it has been stated, surely it has already been stated, …it was stated (Soncino, Talmud)
- had – sheqilin ka-hada – evenly balanced
- al had terein – two for one; for one, two; twice as much
- hadei – delight, rejoice
- haikha – titillate, smile, laugh, toy with, sport, play, fondle; mock (Na’amah, Lilit)
- hakhi – so, as follows
- hayyah – living being, creature, animal, living thing
- hayyekha – by your life!
- hama – mai qa hama – why did he see fit to; what prompted him, what made him; for what reason did; what did he see; what did he have in mind; what need was there for
- hamra
- qatpira de-hamra – 1:197b; 2:31a
- qistera de-hamra – 1:238b
- hanei millei – only when, such is the case, this applies when
- hattat – purification offering, offense offering (not sin offering); use purification unless offense fits the context better
- purification offering (Milgrom, Lev, 253–56, or 253–92)
- havruta – joining, companionship, intimacy
- hayil – eshet hayil – competent, accomplished, noble, worthy, virtuous
- haynu – it is this, this is, that is, it is he, it is the same, it corresponds to, is equivalent to, follows, accords with, that is, which is, that is to say, namely, thus, this being, just as (we say)
- haynu di-khetiv - corresponding to what is written, as is written, accords with…
- hbl – injure ,harm;
- havilei teriqin - ravaging bands of stingers
- hbr - ithabbar - joins, conjoins, unites, converge, merge, connect, attach, combine, compose, collaborate, associate, participate, fraternize
- be-hibbura hada - in a single bond (union), in unison; junction, convergence, connection
- havruta – companionship, fellowship
- hdr, ithadar – transform, reverse, turn into, become, turn back into, return, restore, revert (refer back to), divert, transfer, turn, in return, send back, bring back, pull back, draw back, withdraw; recoil; carry around; encircle, surround; repent, retract, recede
- become - Scholem, Alchemy and Kabbalah, 34, n. 57.
- ahadar ve-amar – (the verse) resumes, saying; adds; afterwards says, goes on to say; recants, retracts, withdraw
- ahadar ve – do something again, resume, go on…, afterwards, instead
- hdsh, yithadesh – newly emerge, transpire
- hefets – affair, matter, activity, experience, happening, phenomenon, desire, desirable thing
- hei olamim – Scholem, Mystical Shape, 96
- heikhal – palace, temple, main room, great hall, chamber, the Holy, sanctuary; ark (medieval)
- heila – force, power, strength, energy, effort; army, troops, brigade, host
- heilin – soldiers (warriors), hosts, cohorts, forces, powers, legions, troops, armies; Onqelos – Ex 12:41 - tseva’ot (Alter – battalions, armies)
- heizu – appearance, image, manifestation, display, apparition, sight, vision, gaze
- “Visionary mirror” renders ???? (heizu), which means “vision, appearance,” but in the Zohar also “mirror.” This added sense may derive from the Hebrew word ???? (mar’ah), which means both “vision” and “mirror.” See Zohar 1:88b, 91a, 183a, 196a, 203a; 2:23a, 70b, 221a, 267a.
- hfy – cover, overlay, protect, coat, veil; wrap, envelop
- hfkh – ithappakh – turned over, turn into, transformed, transmuted, transmogrify, overthrow, overturn, transfigure, reverse, change, inverted, upside-down
- hkm – wisdom, cunning
- hll – halilah – far be it from me! perish the thought!
- hlsh – halash da’ateih – his mind languished, his spirit was depressed; he became distraught, distressed
- hmi – mai hama – what did he see to make him…, what prompted him?
- hnh – nehneh – enjoy, delight in, revel in, bask in, relish, derive pleasure
- Holy of Holies – the innermost of the seven heavenly palaces.
- On the Holy of Holies as the innermost palace and its relationship to Shekhinah and Binah, see Zohar 1:45a; 2:257b, 258b (all Heikh); Tishby, Wisdom of the Zohar, 2:593-94, 749. (1:229a-b; vayhi, n. 417)
- On Holy of Holies as Binah, see 1:206b; 2:4a, 239b.
- hrhr – complain, suspect, criticize, express resentment, misgiving, question (character, ways), entertain doubts,
- conceive, think (of), give a thought to, have thoughts of, contemplate, meditate, consider, wonder
- harhora – fantasy, imagining, imagination, thought
- hrmn – authority, decree, command, potency, sanction, ordain, authorize
- hrsh – witchcraft, sorcery, magic, wizardry; spell, charm
- hsd – love, loving-kindess, kindness, faithful love, steadfast love, grace, faithfulness, goodness, graciousness; loyalty
- hasid – saint, devotee, pious, pious devotee, devout one, faithful one
- hsh – ba-hashai – secretly, silently, in silence, in secrecy, quietly, noiselessly, secretly silent, in secret silence, in a whisper (Targum, Psalms 41:8); soundless, noiseless, still
- hshv – heshbon – count, enumerate, reckon, enter the count; sum, total, account, amount, reckoning, calculation, numerical value, number; consider, regard, deem, be mindful, value, esteem
- hsn – ahsin – bequeath, transmit, bestow, grant; possess, take possession, obtain (1:229a)
- hsr – deficient (rather than defective)
- htkh – smelt; Scholem, Alchemy and Kabbalah , 38
- hatakhat teivah (miqdash melekh 186, on 1:94a)
- htsf – impudent, insolent, brazen, shameless
- hus (hshsh)– look compassionately on, spare, care (enough), be concerned, feel concern, have consideration for, have (take) pity, mercy, compassion, feel (show) compassion, respect, pay attention; antonym - ruthlessly
- hus – has ve-shalom, perish the thought, Heaven forbid, far be it from me! from us to imagine; see hll
- hut – thread, streak, ray, line, filament, stream of liquid (Sokoloff); strand
- huta de-hesed – a thread of love (grace) is drawn upon him; zp 3:81, n. 542
- hv – hevei omer – you must admit, you must say, this proves
- hyv – ithayyav be-nafsheih - forfeits his life (soul), incurs (is liable to) the death penalty, commits a deadly sin, deserves to die, deserving of death
- he had incurred guilt (expiable) by his life (Soncino) incurs guilty responsibility for his life (Soncino note), guilty against his own soul (Danby), he risks his life (Berg), render one’s life forfeit (Soncino); incurs mortal guilt (Alter)
- ithayyav be- be guilty of (for); liable to, be culpable, obligated to, stand guilty before, bear the blame before (to), sin against; 2:49b,15
- hzi – ithazei - properly, fittingly, as is fitting, befitting, suitable, appropriately, correctly, rightfully, accurately, perfectly, fully, becoming (of), worthy, seemly, entitled, deserving, have a right to, able, capable, be justified, designated, appointed, chosen, selected, destined, predestined, adapted, intended, meant, as it should be; visible, can be seen, revealed, appeared, manifested, seem, shown;
- le-ahaza’ah – to show, demonstrate, manifest, display, indicate, imply, exhibit, present, signify, expose (a defect), give the appearance, assume the appearance
- ibba – fruit, vegetation, verdure, greenness; peirin ve-ibbin – fruit and verdure (vegetation)
- idra – threshing floor, threshing chamber, chamber, assembly, convocation (liebes, peraqim 93-107)
- ???? (iddera), “threshing floor, barn, chamber”
- ila’ah - transcendent, supernal, lofty, superior, supreme, superb, upper, high, on high, higher, highest, noble, distinguished, ultimate, utmost, finest, paramount, eminent, esteemed, sublime, exalted, elevated, soaring, towering, magnificent, splendid, intense, heavenly, celestial; alma ila’ah – higher world (or upper world, supernal world), heavenly, celestial; sublime mystery
- il’ol – whirlwind, storm wind
- inyan – matter, topic, business
- ipparkha - “Governor” renders ????? (ipparkha), which derives from Greek eparchos, “governor, commander, prefect,” or eparchia, “government.”
- iqqar – root, essence, principle, source, essential element, main object, foundation, taproot
- iqqara de-veita – aqeret ha-bayit – an infertile woman in a house; mistress of the house, mainstay of the house, lady of the house, essence of the house
- i teima – can be like itteima “it was said” (transmitted alternatively), some say, alternatively (or, you might say) (as opposed to i teima – if you say; now, you might say) Sok, 142a; J 61b; Steinsaltz, 103a
- cf. Galante, 1:225b, 233a: like “i ba’eit eima”
- it le-(gal’ah), (hashta it)… – (now) is the time (it is time) to (reveal)…, now let us, now we should, now it should
- kamah - numerous, many, so many, ever so many, much, so much, several, some, various, countless, innumerable, how many!
- kamah it lon le-istakkala – how deeply (intensely, carefully, immeasurably) should they contemplate
- kamah it lon le-ishtaddela – how exuberantly, vigorously, intensely,
- kamah it… how thoroughly, carefully, vigorously, intensely, greatly… see RT 34.15, 19-20, 22
- ke-dein – similarly (64a, 26); so, in this manner (way), thus, thereby, therefore (101b, 11; 119b, 25; 182b, 1; 228b, 10?; 2:25b, 14; 27b, 20; 59a, 24; 84b, 27?, 86a, 11); 3:19a, 2. ke-dein hu – so it is with, similarly with (2:36b, 3; 3:68a, 26)
- ke-illu – is as though (it is as though), is like one (someone) who, is considered to have (observed), is considered as if, is as if (it is as if), as it were; see ykhl
- keivan – since, as soon as, when, once
- keivan de-amar, since it says, since he said, since Scripture states
- ki-de-ka ya’ot, hazei – seemly, properly, fittingly, as is fitting, befitting, as it should be, suitable, appropriately, duly, correctly, accurately, perfectly, fully, becoming, worthy, entitled, qualified, have a right to, deserve, be justified, fine; see hzi
- khsh – weaken, impair, deteriorate, deny, defy, contravene, deceive, belie, falsify
- makhhish ma’aseh bereshit – deny, defy the work of Creation
- makhhish pamalya shel ma’lah – defy, impair the celestial Family
- kl –
- kol she-ken – all the more so, so much the more (less), surely, certainly
- kll
- kelal - total, totality, sum, summation, whole, entirety, entire amount, consummation, sphere, realm, assemblage; in general, general rule, (essential) principle, category, class, state, field, generalization, generality; together; overall, all-inclusive, universal, comprehensive
- kelil – inclusive (all-inclusive), include, enclose, encompass, contain, combine, integrate, incorporate, merge, coalesce, fuse, blend, mingle, absorb, comprise, compose, compound, embrace, enfold, envelop, brought him under the aegis, imbue; complete
- kelil be – comprised of
- itkelil mi- comprises, composed of
- itkelilan, same as above, plus interwoven, interlaced, intertwined, intermingling, integrated, crowned
- le-akhlala – encompassing, to include, etc. (kelil)
- kmn – lurk, waylay, lie in wait, ambush
- knsh – itkenish – gather in, glean, pluck, round up, throng, converge, absorb, draw in, withdraw, shrivel; sunset; gather, gather round, gather upon, assemble, assemble against, swarm, collect; take in, bring in
- kola – mi-kola, be-khola, de-khola, le-khola – completely, entirely, totally, wholly, fully, thoroughly, absolutely, perfectly, utterly, consummately, purely, in every respect, in every way, in all, in all things, in everything, constantly, everywhere
- kpi – akhpaya – bend over, overturn, subdue, invert, overcome, overpower, overwhelm, overthrow, force, compel, cower, cringe, subjugate, suppress, submit, humble, become subservient
- kpr – purge (Milgrom 1:1079-84), atone, expiate, rub (rub on, cover; rub off, wipe), pardon, forgive
- kapporet – purging cover
- kr’ – hikhri’a – tip the balance
- ksf – long, yearn, desire, desirable; embarrass, shame, delight, rapture
- kshksh – knock, strike, shake, vibrate, rattle, pulsate, throb, churn, agitate
- kshr – proper, fit, worthy (prove worthy), right; rectify, correct; capable
- not kshr - unseemly
- kashrut – fitness for consumption
- ktv – write, spell
- kedein ketiv – then this verse will be fulfilled, is fulfilled, applies
- kvn – intend, direct, focus, concentrate, devote; kavvanah – intention, direction, concentration, attention, awareness, devotion, focus, aim, intend, be intent; intently; see ra’ava, re’uta
- la’ei – toil, toil in, delve into, study (assiduously, sedulously, diligently), ply, labor, be tired, exert, engage in, pore over, occupy, absorb
- le-eila – beyond
- leit lakh – you cannot find, there is no (not a single, not one there), there does not exist
- le-qavel - towards, opposite, in front of, facing
- leshon ha-ra – evil tongue, evil speech, gossip, slander
- lfn – lifnai ve-lifnim – the innermost sanctum
- lhsh – whisper, murmur, ripple
- bi-lhishu – in a whisper, quietly, silently, unheard, still
- lht – lahat – blade, flame, flash; blaze, burn, inflame, kindle, glow, glisten, flare
- lomar – ke-lomar – that is, that is to say, namely, as though to say, this means, meaning, in other words, implying
- lqt – gather, pick, collect, pluck, cull, glean, receive
- lqy – be sick, suffer, be smitten, struck, receive lashes
- alqei – make sick, weaken, strike, smite, punish with lashes, flog
- lshn – lishana – tongue, language, speech, term, phrase, expression, version
- lshn – alshin – slander, vilify
- lun – spend the night
- lvn – white; cleanse, refine, purify
- lvsh – ruah lavesha – clothe, clothed itself with, enveloped, took possession of; garb
- mabbu’a – spring, bubbling spring, wellspring, fountain, fount, fountainhead, water source
- mador – abode, haunt, lair, storey, compartment, habitation, dwelling
- habitations of Hell - (Soncino – circuit, division, habitation, storey, dwelling) EJ – seven divisions of hell; Ginzberg, 5:20, n. 56 – habitations, play on fire-place (compartments)
- mah hama – what prompted…, what did he foresee, why did he (J – 1435a: what did he see, what was the reason, why, what did he have in mind, what reason did he have); Soncino: what [reason] did he see, what did he see to make him, what could have caused, what was his reason for saying; Lauterbach: why did he see fit to
- mah u-mah – now, could it be, why, how can, “(what,) do you think that…?”
- u-mah she (mah de-) – whereas… (instead of)
- mah… al ahat kamah ve-khamah now, if…
- mahei – obliterate, wipe out, efface, eliminate; strike, smite, knock, slap, blow, beat
- mahei biydeih – strike his hand, slap his hand, restrain (stay) his hand, protest, hinder, stop, prevent, inhibit, interfere with
- mai, mahu – what is meant by, what is the meaning of, what is, why?
- mai dikhtiv – what is the meaning of the verse? why is it written…? what is the meaning of…? what is meant by…? what is it that is written…?
- mai irya – what is the point? significance? is this an argument? why does it specify? why this discussion? (Adin); how does (this) indicate?
- mai qa mairei – what are they arguing about? what does this designate, signify?
- mai ta’ama – why, why so, what is the point, reason; how so
- mammash – actual(ly), real, really, genuine, authentic, veritable, true, truly, substantial, substance, literally, very, precisely, exact(ly), simply, identical, just like; (him, it, your)self; see vaddai
- mammashu – reality, substance, actuality
- maqor – spring, fountain, source
- mashiryan - companies, camps
- matei – reach, arrive, touch, contact, impact, (approach), befall, occur, overtake, extend to, attain, come upon, affect, about to
- matqala – weight; see s-l-q be-matqala
- matronita - Aramaized form of Latin, matrona, “matron, married woman, noble lady,” consort, queen
- matu – be-matu(ta) mi- I beg of you, please
- mdh – marei middin – 1:92a (masters of requital); 2:34a, 73a, 122b, 130b, 163a, 213b; 3:130b; zp 3:474, n. 797: yade’ei middin, fathomers; zp 4:150, n. 44 (marei middin – fathomers); 395, n. 89 (masters of qualities)
- middah – attribute, quality, measure
- me’ayim – entrails, innards, viscera, intestines, guts, inmost parts, inner being, inner self, bowels, belly, womb (KB – inner being)
- meshah revut – anointing oil
- metivta – academy
- mi –
- mi yitten – who would make it (evening), would that it were
- mi-kan - hence
- milla – thing, something, anything, entity, matter, material, word, wording, term, statement, utterance, remark, element, factor, incident, event, enterprise, situation (plight), item, affair, subject, object, substance, topic, point, information, report, issue, expression, deed, act, practice, project, what had happened; way, means
- millei de-alma – worldly affairs (matters)
- millin kedivan – false material, information, deceptions
- mlkh – consult, reconsider, change one’s mind; decided, determined
- mn manei - enjoin, conduct, govern, command, order, prescribe, appoint, commission, authorize, delegate, assign, designate, charge, encharge, in charge of, empower, entrust; Scholem: paqad
- memana – official, deputy or prince (for angel), appointee, officer, chieftain, minister, archon; empowered, ordained; of the nations: princes, empowered ones, officials, deputies, archons, chieftains, appointed (authority, ruler), appointee; memanan terisin - shield-bearing deputies; memana ravreva – empowered (appointed) prince; memana de-Esav – Prince of Esau
- mna – withhold, deny, deprive, diminish, inhibit, restrain, prevent, refrain, impede, thwart, stopped up
- mrq – scour, clean, cleanse
- mshh – mishheta – Onqelos for middah; measure, length, surveying; flow (a la mshkh)
- mshkh – draw, draw to, toward, conduct, channel, flow, stream, continue, convey, carry, proceed, emanate, transmit, derive, extend, expand, stretch, pull, attract, prolong, persist, drag, lure, seduce, allure; withdraw, draw away
- amshekhuta, meshikhu – emanation, flowing, flow, conducting, conveying, current, drawing, influence
- msr – deliver, transmit, render, hand over, give, give oneself over to, entrust, surrender, offer, sacrifice, pass on, convey, place
- mut – mot yumat – surely be put to death
- na – I ashkahna – I found 1:99b; olifna – I learned 1:117a
- singular, past – BM 85b (ketavna)
- plural, past - Targum Onqelos Genesis 44:24; Deut 3:1 (seleiqna)
- lamadnu – mss; olifna – OY, Mantua (2:37a, 7)
- future – ahadarna – 3:265b
- na’ar – boy, lad, youth, young man, young boy
- na’ats – insert, thrust, wedge, stick, squeeze, cram, lodge, set, fixed, implant
- nahar de-nageid ve-nafeiq - flowing, gushing river; gushing river, river flowing forth, issuing; (daniel 7:10)
- nan – qareinan – we call
- nefesh – soul, life, being, essential being, essential self, inner nature, breath, life breath
- ne’um – utterance, oracle
- neyaha – comfort, pleasantness, rest, repose, peacefulness, peace, satisfaction, pleasure, calm, tranquility, relaxation, leisure, ease, serenity; tishby (mmd, edri) – nahat
- neyaha de-ruha – gratification, satisfaction, pleasure; tranquility of spirit, tranquil pleasure
- nfq – apiq – issue, emerge, go out, go forth, come out, come forth, flow forth, overflow, emanate, generate, produce, engender, breed, radiate, extract, obtain, draw, draw out, pull out, bring out, bring forth, send, send out, send forth, take out, deliver, extricate, let go, present, remove, escape, break out, leave, depart, exit, proceed, abandon, foresake, scatter, emit, exhale, set out, get out, get away, spring, sprout, shoot out, shoot forth, shoot, pour forth, launch, fire, fire off, project, discharge, eject, oust, expel, cast out, exclude, withdraw, evict, spew, dart, lick out, release, ooze, exude, venture, spout, gush, stream, express, utter, heave (sea), put forth, extend, expend; stick out, protrude, part
- nfq le-var – venture out, beyond; escape
- al ve-nafeiq – enters and emerges, comes in and goes out, comes and goes
- nahar de-nageid ve-nafeiq - flowing, gushing river; gushing river, river flowing forth, issuing; issuing and flowing (daniel 7:10)
- nfq zekhut – to exhaust (expend, take away, remove) one’s merit
- nfsh – increase, be numerous, abundant; expand, swell, swarm
- ngd – extend, pull, draw, draw out, drag, flow, gush, prolong; see mshkh (conduct, channel, stream, continue, convey, emanate, extend…)
- nhh – reiah nihoah – pleasing aroma (Milgrom); fragrant odor (Alter)
- nhsh – augury (divination)
- nht – descend, come down, fall, drop, cascade, dismount, alight
- aheit – bring down, lower, deposit, send down, push down, cast down, shed, drop
- nms – nimus – law, norm, conduct, way, custom, practice, decree, judgment (execute judgment); for possible play on nissin, see vol, 3, note on “double portion”
- no’am – loveliness, pleasantness, delightfulness, delight, kindness, favor, graciousness, beauty, sweetness (Alter)
- nqb – pierce, puncture, perforate,
- nuqba – hole, cavity; female
- nuqba di-thoma rabba – hollow of the great abyss (chasm, cavern of… immense)
- nqsh – aqqish – beat, flutter (wings)
- nqt - seize, take hold, take, snatch, grasp, obtain, carry, attach, gather, collect, receive, employ (a usage, expression, meaning)
- nshv – blow, breathe, puff, inhale, exhale, waft, fly; breeze
- ntl – natal - take, partake, take over, take up, obtain (possess), acquire, lift, raise, move (motion), proceed, leave, stir, carry, carry off, convey, receive, accept, bear, absorb, derive, take away, remove, draw, distill, seize, snatch, grasp, grab, take hold, appropriate, journey, travel, transport, sail, take or assume (someone’s place), surge, pour; set forth (out) on its journey, impel, propel, motivate
- ntl shirata (1:189a, 7) – take up song
- htl – see tul: cast, throw, inject, insert, inflict, fling, drop
- ntr – natar - uphold, guard, protect, preserve, maintain, observe, keep, retain safeguard, watch over, look after, care for, be careful, heed, vigilant (guard, preserve [or maintain] the sign of the covenant), cherish, tend
- nuah – teinah – let it rest, granted, fine, this might be right, this may be true, acceptable, satisfactory
- yanuah da’ateih – let (your) mind be at rest
- nva – to gush, bubble, flow, spring forth, spout
- nevi’u, nevi’a – flow, bubbling flow, gushing flow
- nvl – repulsive
- nzl – mazzala – flux of destiny, flowing, effluence, streaming fortune (or constellation)
- ???? (Mazzala) means “constellation, planet, planetary influence, zodiacal sign, guiding star, destiny, fortune, guardian angel.” See BT Mo’ed Qatan 28a: “Rava said, ‘Life, children, and sustenance do not depend on merit but on mazzala, destiny.’” In the Zohar, mazzala is associated with the root ??? (nzl), “to flow,” and often refers to the flow of emanation from Binah through Yesod. See above, page@XX77Ch2, and n. 77. See Sifra di-Tsni’uta 177a.
- nzq – harm, damage, injure; inflict harm
- mazziq – demon
- nizqa, hezeiqa – damage, harm, danger
- okhlosin – troops, soldiers, group, hordes, cohorts, hosts, legions, multitude, multitude of troops, retinue
- olah – ascent offering
- orah – way, course, path; property
- orer – awake, arouse, rouse, stimulate, stir, flare, shoot out, be aware of, erupt, ignite, provoke, sway; remark, note, comment, observe, announce; induce, educe, elicit, evoke, threaten, warn; revive; orer himself - undertake
- it’arna - we have aroused our awareness, have been aroused by this verse, have been aroused discussing, in discussing, to discuss, have aroused the meaning of; elicit, educe; deal with (Scholem)
- it’aru – have aroused discussion
- ke-mah de-it’aru beih havrayya – as discussed arousingly by the Companions
- ke-mah de-it’aru havrayya – as the Companions have aroused, educed
- kevar it’aru be-ha havrayya - the Companions have already been aroused by this; they have already aroused what this means
- “Been aroused by this” renders ????? ??? (it’aru beih). In medieval Hebrew, the corresponding idiom refers to “having one’s awareness aroused,” “arousing the [latent or potential] meaning” of a particular word or phrase, expounding, interpreting. See Moses de León, Sefer ha-Rimmon, 392; Ben-Yehuda, Dictionary, 5:4392a–b. (vol. 4, p. 120, n. 192)
- pga – encounter, come upon, reach, touch, entreat, confront, accost, meet
- pig’a – demon, evil spirit, plague
- pgm - blemish, defect, defective, deficient, flaw, mar, damage, harm, impair, taint, spoil, stain, imperfection, wane, faulty (disqualify, invalidate), stigma, (brand with a blemish); a dent
- see qayma bifgimu
- pithon peh – pretext to complain, excuse, opening, point of attack, opportunity for accusation, loophole, courage to speak (Ezekiel 16:63; 29:21); see ptr, pitra
- plg – divide, separate, part, split, distribute, disperse, branch, apportion, allot, scatter
- palgei – segment, division
- itpelig lailya – night is split
- plh – pulhan – service, worship, devotion, rite, ritual, till, cultivate, work, labor, serve, perform, minister
- plt – disgorge, discharge, exude, emit, eject, spew
- pml – pamalyah – family, household, retinue, entourage; the family above (the celestial family, heavenly household, divine agencies, the retinue above)
- pnq – tafnuk - delight, delicacy, pamper, luxury
- prgd – pargod – curtain, screen
- pqa – expire, exhaust
- pqd – attend to, see to, visit, muster, convene, appoint, assign, ordain, designate, single out (Alter), entrust, enjoin, command, commission, take note, take notice, take account, count, reckon, inspect, examine, mark, care, be concerned, give heed, call to account, punish, inflict punishment, afflict, avenge, requite, deal with; missing, lacking; direct involvement or intervention, providential, judgmental, redemptive – Sarna, Genesis, 145; Genesis 21:1; 1 Samuel 2:21; fertilize (the barren), remember the barren (BR 77:1, Soncino, Even-Shoshan); seek (Isaiah 26:16); probe (Alter, Job 5:24)
- pqd avon – inflict the guilt; reckon the crime (Alter), call to account the iniquity (Fox), call to account, avenge the guilt (KB), punish children for the iniquity (RSV), punish… for the sin (NIV), count parents’ crime on the children (Friedman), visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children (KJV), visit the guilt of the parents upon the children (JPS); inflicting punishment for their guilt (Tigay, interpretation)
- afqid – deposit, entrust, deliver
- pr’ - exact retribution, requite, recompense, punish, retaliate
- prs – spread, stretch, distribute, diffuse, disperse, dissipated, scatter, extend
- prsh – explain, interpret, expound, elucidate, explicate, clarify, express (clearly), specify, state (mention) explicitly, openly, declare, describe; elaborate
- shem ha-meforash – the Explicit Name
- prsh itperash – mediate
- prsh itperash (cf. prs) – separate, keep separate, divide, split, diverge, deviate, branch out, distinct, different, differentiate, distinguish, part, set apart, depart, go off, set out, leave, estrange, alienate, detach, dissociate, withdraw, remove, isolate, seclude, disengage, disconnect, forsake; abstain; interrupt; set aside, dedicate (ma’aser), devote
- prtsf – partsuf – visage, face, configuration, countenance, appearance, form
- pshpsh – search, search out, examine, investigate, scrutinize, hunt, hunt for, ferret out, probe
- psht – itpeshat – spread, extend, expand, stretch, disperse, distribute, diffuse, scatter, disseminate, emanate, ramify, branch, permeate; strip, divest; straighten, smooth, smoothen (2:84b, 1)
- psl – disqualify, render unfit, invalidate; defect, blemish
- pasul – unfit, defective, blemished, faulty, invalid
- psq – cease, stop, stop flowing, be abrogated, separate, interrupt, suspend, divide, cut off, detach, break off, interpose, block, discontinue, sever, tear
- pasqa ta’ama – interrupted by an accent (sign); separated by a punctuation (pausal) mark, disjunctive; 1:120a (zp 2:198), 158b (zp 2:382), 167b (zp 3:12); 2:85a, 93b; 3:138a (IR), 191b
- psqr – pusqera (see documents/zohar/odd words.doc)
- ptgm – word, decree; decrees of Torah; words of Torah (Targum Onqelos, Yerushalmi); transgress decrees of Torah
- pth – pth qera – opened with a (the) verse, explained the verse as referring to, in connection with
- ptq – pitqa – slip, decree, letter, note, list, record
- ???? (pitaq), “slip, memorandum, name slip carried by the Angel of Death” (derived from Greek pittakion). See Qohelet Rabbah on 3:2; Zohar 3:15a, 156b, 167a.
- ptr – pitra – opening, pithon peh; see pithon peh
- qbl – qaveil – in face of, in front of, facing, before, towards, to meet, opposite, against, confronting, corresponding, comparable to, balance, parallel, contrast, juxtaposed
- qdm – anticipate, precede, preface, prepare, ahead of time, in advance, advance, intercept (zp 2:372), do early, do before, before its time, prematurely, previously, do already, arise early, come early, arrive early, hasten, do or be first, be the first to, put or place or mention first, begin (with), initiate, introduce, attain first, set out, forestall (prevent by prior measures), take precaution, foresee, be zealous, take precedence, give preference to; (hasten to) intercede; (spoke) up; soon, quickly, immediately; do in time
- qadma’a – previous, preceding, former, original, first, earlier; primary, primal
- qadma’ei – ancients
- mi-le-qadmin, kidbeqadmita – as before, as originally, as previously, at first
- qdsh – qaddishei elyonin – holy ones of the Highest (Most High) (Daniel 7:18); (or occasionally “supernal holy ones”)
- qudsha – holiness, realm of holiness, sanctuary,
- qfsr - 1:37a, 177a; 3:152a: ruler, suzerain; 3:36b, 6: piece; Beiur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, 191; Galante: qafsira - part, piece (1:177a)
- qft – qufteih – avuso, its trough, manger, crib (1:236a); cf. 3:62b quftira
- qftr – (see qtfr, qrtf) qaftirin – linked, parallel to qeshiran, Bei’ur, 188, n. 185; Peraqim, 349-54. 1:218a – quftera de-tifsa; 2:209a: quftera de-qulta; 3:6b:qastura de-quftera; 3:59b; 3:62b: be-quftira; 211a – guftera; 219b – oqida de-qoftira (combustion of conjunction; Sefer Yetsirah); 2:183b: matul de-qufterakh
- On quftera as “rope,” see Vayiqra Rabbah 4:2 (and Margulies’s n. 3, pp. 81-82; Lieberman’s note, p. 871); Qohelet Rabbah on 6:6; Tanhuma, Miqqets 10; Tanhuma (Buber), Miqqets 15 (and Buber’s n. 116); Arukh and Arukh ha-Shalem, s.v. pi turei; Rashi on Berakhot 8a, s.v. ke-fiturei. 3:59b, 37 (Vol. 7, ch. 6, n. 94).
- See Zohar 1:177a, 211a, 218a; 2:209a; 3:6b, 59b, 62b; Beiur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, 188, n. 185; Luria, Va-Ye’esof David, s.v. qftr, qaftera; Liebes, Peraqim, 349-54.
- “Concatenated” renders ??????? (qaftirin), a Zoharic neologism “tying, linking.” See Beiur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, 188, n. 185; Luria, Va-Ye’esof David, s.v. qftr, qaftera; Liebes, Peraqim, 349-54.
- qftr and Sefer Yetsirah 1:7 – 218a, 219b, 242a:
- 218a: ?????? ?????? (quftera de-tifsa). The Zoharic neologism quftera usually implies “linking.” Tifsa means various things in the Zohar, including “glowing ember, burning coal” as in 1:242a: “like a flame bound to a tifsa,” which is obviously based on the description of the interconnectedness of the sefirot in Sefer Yetsirah 1:7: “like a flame bound to a burning coal.” Here, Rabbi El’azar may be implying that the flame of the Angel of Death is quenched by Rabbi Shim’on.
- qftr – tifsa also 3:111a, 2
- qaftir – incline, slope, slant; sloping cavern, cave; 2:48b: “Sloping caverns” renders ?????? (qaftirei), a Zoharic neologism with a range of meaning. Here, the sense apparently derives from the rabbinic term ????? (qataphres), “incline, slope,” (from the Greek katapheres, “going down, sloping, inclined.” See M Oholot 3:3; Zohar 3:36b; Ma’arikh, s.v. qatpirei; DE; NO; Liebes, Peraqim, 351. On “caverns in the earth,” see Isaiah 2:19: mehilot afar – caves (hollows, holes, caverns) in (of) the ground (earth)
- qlf qulafa – thick stick, club, blow (Sokoloff, JBA)
- be-matun de-qulpa (1:61b)
- qulafa (qulpa) - pole, lance, shaft, club, thick stick, strap, cudgel, truncheon, blow (1:29a, 32a, 57b, 61b, 117b; 2:30a); blow: 232a (Tos); 2:30a; 278a.
- qelippah – qasqeset – coat (armor) of mail; 1 Sam 17:5; Radaq; Nahmanides on Leviticus 11:9; Sanhedrin 95b.
- qlt absorb, seep; snatch, clutch tightly
- qilta de-dina absorption (1:33b); qaftorei de-qilta (3:59b); quftera de-qilta – 2:209a; qastiru de-qulta 2:77a; de-qulta 2:235b; 1:30a-b, zp 1:181-2, n. 609; 182 n. 613
- 1:201b, 11: qulta – Mopsik – abri (shelter, cover, refuge, dugout)
- 2:77a – qastiru de-qulta, castle of absorption
- 2:235b (tos) – qulta and spheres; cf. 2:209a – aquftera de-qilta
- qntr – rebuke, chiding; 2:38a, 5; 174b, 38; 178a, 10
- qr’a – exclaim, call, recite, declare, announce, pronounce, proclaim for, over, of (apply to him a verse); I will proclaim over you (a verse; name), says of him; read
- qra – qerei beih – Read in it, in this text; it may be read (RH 6b, Sanherin 89a, Avodah Zarah 51b, Zevahim 106a); Zohar – read it, call it; it is called (3:128b); read as follows (2:106a); attribute to, apply to
- qrt
- Qirta is a Zoharic neologism meaning “sling.” See Zohar 1:128a; Beiur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, 190; Liebes, Peraqim, 383-93
- See BT, Shabbat 152a: “Rabbi Eli’ezer said, ‘… The souls of the wicked are continually muzzled, while one angel stands at one end of the world and another stands at the other end, and they sling their souls to each other, as is said: The soul of your enemies He will sling out as from the hollow of a sling (1 Samuel 25:29).’”
- See Radak on the verse in Samuel; Moses de León, Shushan Edut, 351-53 (and n171, where Scholem cites De León’s likely source in Jacob ha-Kohen’s Sefer ha-Orah); idem, Sefer ha-Rimmon, 373 (and n6), 399; Zohar 1:77b, 217b; 2:142b; 3:25a, 185b-186a, 213b; Liebes, Peraqim, 345-47.
- Qurta apparently derives from Greek kouratoreia, “treasury.” See Targum Yerushalmi, Numbers 22:18; 24:13; Job 3:14; 38:22; Arukh ha-Shalem and Tosefot he-Arukh ha-Shalem, s.v. qrt. Zohar 1:181a
- qrtf - ?????? (qartufa). 3:143a. In rabbinic Aramaic this means “a crack,” but here it likely based on ????? (qetufa), “a cluster.” See Bei’ur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, 187, s.v. qartufa; Luria, Va-Ye’esof David, s.v. qartifa; Liebes, Peraqim, 350. Cf. above, p. @XXCh2, toward the end of n. 279; p. @XXCh3, n. 28.
- qsh – aqshei – beat, flap, flutter
- qshr – bind, link, link up, join; connect, attach, nexus, bond, knot, tie, weave, braid, wreathe, cluster, joint, intermingle, interlink, concatenate (adj); catch, entangle; see qtr
- le-qashra qishra – to bind the bond, to tie the knot, forging links
- qshr - sorcery; see qshr (Liebes, Peraqim, 397); entangle, bound in bonds; 2:25a, 37b-38a, 52b, 69a.
- qsht – tivu uqshot – steadfast kindness (Onq - hesed ve-emet)
- qshya - difficult, hard, problematical; la qashya – poses no difficulty
- dina qashya - severe Judgment (or harsh, strict, stern, rigorous)
- qsm – divination (augury), sorcery
- qsr – qisra – suzerain 1:195b, 2; 1:199a, 27; 1:242b; see luria, va-ye’esof david – qisra; 1:219b – qisra – cage? cf. tesira; 1:72a Liebes, Peraqim, 353.
- 1:135b qusroi – his castle Arabic qasr (dot under s) – castle, palace
- qisra - 2:31a (Caesar?); 2:213a, 26 qelishu de-qisra (“thin membrane”); (list of zp notes)
- cage, castle, bottle
- qesirin – 2:78a
- qisra – keres – 2:178b (SdTs); Caesar?
- See zp 3:196, n. 110; 3:325, n. 130; 3:481, n. 825; 4:418, n. 177
- qst qista – xestes, pint, flask, jug, pitcher; Jastrow 1364b – chest, box; 2:80a, 31: mortar
- 33a: “By the pint” renders the Aramaic ???????? (be-qistaihu), “in their pints.” The singular ???? (qista), derives from the Greek xestes, a measure about the size of a pint. See Bereshit Rabbah 4:5; Zohar 1:33a, 83a, 121b, 162a, 164a, 211a, 243a; 3:74a.
- qusta of grapes – 2:178b (SdTs)
- See Job 28:25, also cited above: He meted the waters by measure. Cf. Bereshit Rabbah 4:5: “Ben Pazzi said, ‘The upper waters exceed the lower waters by about thirty xestes.’” The Arukh (s.v. qst) understands it as a flask or jug.
- Cf. Scholem, 2:51a
- See Vayiqra Rabbah 12:1 – ????? ???? qista de-hamra
- qusta – Ta’anit 24a – district: ?????? ????? (?????), in a remote (or poverty-stricken) district; village (Rashi, ad loc.); 1:85a – village; 3:81a
- qusta – chink in the wall – 3:114b, 17
- qstf, qztf – refuse, dross, slag, scoria, dregs 1:153a; zp 2:351, n259; 167a (zp n. 69); 3:50b: turpei de-quspeta (liebes, peraqim, 348); qastofa - 1:201b, 12 foul excretion; zp 3:235-6, n. 345; zp 3:10, n. 69; 3:143a – qaztifin; cf. qstr – tin, slag
- qstr – castle, fortress 3:90b: qastera, qastira; 1:128a: qustera qetir; 2:51a, 26
- a castle Aramaic, ?????? (qastira), derived from Latin castrum (pl. castra), “fortress, castle.” See Zohar 1:29a, 30a, 85a, 148b.
- Gottlieb, Mehqarim, 213 (2 entries)
- meqaster be-quspoi 1:168a (see below); qaster be-qitrin 3:88a; qaster be-reisheih 3:111a
- The fortress of vapor... Aramaic, ?????? ?????? (qustera de-qutra). Qustera derives from Latin, castrum (pl. castra), “fortress, castle.” See above, 29a: “By the impact of His truncheons, ramparts (??????? [qastorin]) are revealed.” The phrase here alludes to Shekhinah; see below. castrum – castle, fort, fortress, any fortified place. castra – also camp, encampment. Arabic qasr (dot under s)- palace
- ?????? ??????? (qistera de-qiturei) – 2:178b (SdTs)
- Vayiqra Rabbah 1:11: ???????? – castra, fortresses; Tosefta, Oholot 18:12.
- military camp – 3:85a (Scholem)
- qastorei – quaestors (1:64b); cf. 3:107a: qastira (“authority”); 1:177a – qusterei
- ??????? (Qastorin), deriving from the Latin quaestor, a Roman official, prosecutor, judge. Here the word apparently refers to superhuman creatures.
- “Quaestor” renders ?????? (qusterei); the rabbinic term ?????? (qustor)
- See JT Eruvin 6:2, 23b; Zohar 1:19b, 53b, 64b, 177a, 195a; 2:58b, 208b; 3:13a, 107a; Beiur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, 188. In a number of other Zoharic passages, the word derives from the Latin castrum (pl. castra), “fortress, military camp,” and conceivably here it could refer to camps of angels. See Vayiqra Rabbah 1:11; Zohar 1:29a, 30a; Mopsik.
- Bei’ur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, 188 relates the Zoharic term to the rabbinic ??????? (qustinar), which derives from Latin quaestionarius, “torturer, executioner.” Cf. ?????? (qalastor), from Greek kolaster, “torturer, executioner.”
- perhaps both senses (quaestor and castra) – 1:62a (Tos), 128a.
- qasitra, qastira – tin 1:125a; 1:148b (castle?); 2:24b; cf. 1:238b; 3:65b, 90b, 107a
- lustrous - Aramaic, ?????? (qastira), “tin,” from Greek, kassiteros. See Targum Yerushalmi and Targum Yerushalmi (frag.), Numbers 31:22; Zohar 1:125a; 1:151a: ???????? (qastitura); 2:24b; Beiur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, 186, 188. 1:168a ?????; 232a (Tos) – qasterin; 3:125a, 14.
- scintillating – 1:168a (3:17, n. 121)
- qastora – pesolet ve-qastora mi-kaspa 3:83b (Piq) - dross (or slag) and slag (or tin) from silver; 2:31b: two waterskins filled with qustera (Gal: poison); zp 4:132, n. 230; Liebes, Peraqim, 349. Isaiah 1:25 badil – slag; cf. bedil – tin; Ma’arikh, s.v qstr; 2:208b qastora and fingernails
- qasterin – 2:171b kind of disease; cf. above, poison
- qistera de-hamra – 1:238b
- qtf (qtp)
- qitpa – resin, sap, gum 1:92b; Beiur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, 189, 191; cf. Luria, Va-Ye’esof David, qitpin. Sokoloff, 1011, qittufa – juice, must
- qtf – pluck, pick
- qitpa – cluster (ready to be plucked) 1:17b, ZP 1:133, n. 200; Beiur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, 190; Sokoloff, 1004, qetufa – bunch of grapes
- qutpa – cluster - being together in a group (for protection from robbers) - 2:49b, 14; cf. 2:175a: qutpaya.
- qtf – garment; arukh, Luria, Va-Ye’esof David, qitpoi
- 2:45b: wrapped in their blankets ?????? ???????? (Atpora be-qatpaihu). The first word derives from the root ??? (atf), “to wrap.” The second word apparently derives from Arabic qatifa, “cloak, blanket.” The phrase apparently refers to the camels.
- For the meaning “cloak,” see Zohar 3:19a (n. 362); Arukh ha-Shalem, s.v. qtf; Beiur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, s.v. atifa. Cf. DE; Luria, Va-Ye’esof David, s.v. atufira; qitpoi.
- qtf as dibbuq, apparently based on (a misunderstanding?) of arukh on Niddah 66b
- qtfr
- 33a: In a waterskin of lofts... One of the Zohar’s neologistic gnomes, apparently alluding to the waters measured in heaven. See Liebes, Peraqim, 349. ?????? (Qatpira), perhaps an expansion of ???? (qitra), “knot, bond, connection,” carries several meanings in the Zohar, including “waterskin,” which here refers to the waters above. See Psalms 119:83 ??? ??????; and Job 38:37: Who can tilt the waterskins of the sky? The “lofts” are the heavens, as in Psalms 104:3, cited above: Setting the rafters of His lofts in the waters.
- “bag, sack, waterskin” 1:72a saddlebag
- 1:33a, 64a; Liebes, Peraqim, 353.
- qatpira – wineskin zp 3:455, n. 719; 208, n. 181; 1:197b; 2:31a, 157b (qatpora)
- qatpirei qista – 1:243a
- qatpira – 2:28a – bird; Liebes, Peraqim, 352; Luria, Va-Ye’esof David, s.v. qatpora.
- 3:15a qtfr – clasp
- Liebes, Koah ha-Millah, n. 66.
- 3:144b – ??? ?????? – Liebes, ???, ???? Liebes, Peraqim, 352
- qtl – kill, slay
- qtr - cluster, knot, nexus, node, bond, bind, tie (up), link, concatenate, attach, connect, intertwine, interlace, interlink, weave, wreathe, decorate (arukh), wind, tangle, entangle; band, convoy; perfume, render fragrant (SoS 3:6; z 1:133b; pre 30); conspiracy, grapple; cling, wrap, bundle, swathe, swaddle; adjoining; roofless (M, Middot 2:5, on Ezekiel 46:22: hatserot qeturot); string (caravan, train) of camels (Beshallah, n. 44 –Arabic qitar, train); 2:50b, 10 – convoy of ships
- qtr – sorcery; see qshr (Liebes, Peraqim, 397)
- qitra – Sok: knot, node, plot, penalty
- qutra (qitora, qetura) – smoke, cloud, vapor, knot, node, bundle, cluster, diameter, vaporous cluster; qitor ha-kivshan – Gen 19:28 (smoke)
- pista de-qutra – roasted bread (3:67b, 3)
- qutra de-kitva – bundle of writings (2:13a-b)
- qutra di-gelifin (3:270b, Mat) (qesher ha-haquqim – Remak, Sulam, Leshon)
- qutra de-hurmanuta bi-gelifin tehirin (ZH 67c, ShS) (Sulam: qesher she’elat reshut be-haqiqot ha-orot mahu; why do the lights require asking permission?)
- qutra de-hurmena (94b)
- qutra de-umla (2:124a, 25)
- qutra – vaporous wreath 2:177a (SdTs)
- ????? (qitron) Tosefta Sotah 15:7; Lieberman, Tosefta ki-Fshutah, 8:765 (could judge and jail a person); Sifrei, Deuteronomy 309; Midrash Tanna’im, Deuteronomy 32:6.
- qtrg – denounce, accuse, prosecute, incriminate, assail, attack, provoke, incite, antagonize, contest, contend, harass, bring charges, level accusation; persecute, is hostile, object, oppose
- qym – stand, exist, in a state, be alive, inhere, abide, endure, hold up, poise, stand poised, stand out, stand ready, ready, waiting, about to, station, occupy a station, situated, located, placed, positioned, occupy, lie, be in a state of, stand one’s ground, rise, arise, be present, found, appear, sustain, maintain, preserve, keep alive, save, retain, subsist, survive, uphold, assume, attain, perdure, persist, become, prevail, rely, remain, stay, rest, halt, active, base, founded, depend, (applies, pertains), raise, establish, establish existence, actualize, fulfill, confirm, affirm, stabilize, steady, erect, elevate, engender, extend (curtain 1:65a) (liebes, 355-83) see qym al
- erect covenant – see liebes, da’at 1, 107-8
- “Covenantal vitality” renders ????? (qiyyuma), whose range of meaning in the Zohar includes “existence, sustenance, life, vitality, pillar, covenant.” See Liebes, Peraqim, 355-83. “Sustaining pillar”
- itqe(a)yyam, qayyam – sustained, erected, endured, survived, preserved, established, based, fulfilled, kept alive, maintained, exist, firmly implanted, firmly established, deep rooted, stabilized, stable, confirmed, ingrained, stand, preside, became permanent, restored, revived
- itqayyam (or qayyam) be-qiyyuma – firmly erected, established, enduringly erected, endure abidingly, abide enduringly, permanently, firmly, sustained (fulfilled) vitally, endured vitally, fully alive, endured intact, steadfast, stand erect (firm, vitally); stand at one’s post, station, where he is, in his place; ingrained enduringly; remain stationary, remain in existence, maintain existence; is stable
- it lon qiyyuma le-itqayma – ingrained enduringly
- qa’eim be-qiyyuma – be-pho’al – actualized: 2:39a, 13 (after be-heila – be-khoah), Scholem
- qym al – preside over, bestride, poised above, stand poised, stand over, stand on, stand by, rest on, based on, support, contingent on, arch over, situated over, loom over, impend, threaten, comprehend, perceive, understand, fathom
- qym be (le), qaeim be - Liebes, Peraqim, 362-66
- fathom, understand, comprehend (participate in, engage in); withstand, endure, abide, maintain, retain, attain, sustain, bear (keep up, withstand), stand up to, be steadfast in, persist, adhere, stand by; assume (a body), hinge (depend) upon, on; susceptible to (questioning), (does not) abide being (known), open to, capable of, able to, subject to, prone to, vulnerable to, exposed to, fall within the scope of, pertain to, based on, available to, accessible to; abide in, be in, occupy, inhere in, exist in, be in a state; fulfill, uphold; poised to, be about to, be on the verge of, primed to (le-)
- qayma be-ashlamuta – waxed full, assumed fullness, stand, abide in fullness, stood full, became full
- qayma be-raza – abides in, attains, assumes, based on
- qayma bi-fgimuta – was in her wane, (on the wane), was in a deficient (defective, diminished) state, was in her wane, was waning, deficient, waned away
- qayma bi-dyoqna – bear the image (assume, abide in)
- qym sha’ata – the time was ripe, propititious
- leit beih qiyyuma – it remains unstable, unfulfilled
- qiyyum – existence, full existence, vitality, vitalization, endurance, sustenance, fulfillment, establishment; stability, support, rising, elevation, erection; foundation, position, stature, revival; essence (Liebes, Peraqim, 358); ma’amad (Liebes, Peraqim, 359-60); ammud – pillar (Liebes, Peraqim, 371-75); sustaining pillar (of the world) (qiyyuma [de-alma]); qiyyuma shelim – consummate existence; qomah - stature
- oqim – establish, erect, set up, affirm, demonstrate, prove; fufill, sustain, maintain, preserve, keep alive, save, retain, uphold, assume, establish existence, actualize existence, confirm, elevate, extend (curtain 1:65a); appoint
- ve-ha oqimna - we came to the conclusion (Soncino);
- oqim le-hai qera-– apply this verse (to); liebes, mashiah, 153, n. 237.
- qa’eim le- liable to, susceptible, vulnerable, prone, open to, capable of; rt175.5; liebes, peraqim 366; qayma li-she’elta, bi-she’elta – susceptible to questioning, open to questioning.
- qayyama – existence
- al mah inun qaymin – (neither know nor consider) the foundation (or basis) of their existence
- Hagigah 12b: See Zohar 1:99a, 175b, 195b, 203b, 224a, 226b; 2:23b, 142a; 3:77a.
- qeyam – covenant, vow
- at qeyama – sign of the covenant, erect; at qeyama di-vrit
- berit qeyama – sealed covenant, covenant
- or berit qayyama – enduring, everlasting covenant (Edri: berit qiyyum; Sullam: berit olam, ot berit; MmD – keritat berit, ot berit)
- ra’ava – desire, will, pleasure, passion, fervor, rapture (de-khola – total rapture); goodwill, intention, aspiration (kavvanah), delight, favor (conciliate – ra’ei) see re’uta
- rabei, itrebei - be raised, nurtured, grow, swell
- raqi’a – expanse, firmament, sky, heaven
- rav – great, distinguished, grand, huge, immense
- rav ve-yaqira: grand and splendid, great and precious
- ravreva - prince, official, minister, chief, noble (daniel); ravrevin memanan – princes appointed, empowered princes; lord, notable
- ravreva ve-taqqif – great (grand, noble) and mighty (tree)
- ravrevin - great, magnificent, imposing, impressive, grand, stately, large, huge; (daniel)
- ravya – child, youth, boy
- raza da, da raza – this is the mystery of: the secret is:; this secret is implied by the fact
- ve-da (i)hu raza di-khetiv – this is the mystery of what is written (that is written); this is the mystery written
- raza de-millah – mystery of the matter, mystery of the word
- raza di-mheimanuta Mopsik, 3:82-83, n. 10; 149-50, n. 1
- re’ei – itre’ei - delight in, desire; choose, select (Onqelos); in whom the blessed Holy One delights, whom He has chosen
- re’uta (re’u) – desire, will, goodwill, wish, intention, aspiration (kavvanah), pleasure, delight, favor (conciliate – ra’ei), consent; passion, fervor, rapture, devotion; see ra’ava (ra’ava de-khola – total rapture)
- re’u de-libba – fervor, aspiration of the heart, passion, heartfelt devotion (intention), (with) a willing heart
- shavei re’uta – set one’s aspiration, intention
- reshu – authority, authorization, power, control, ownership, possession, domain, dominion, domination, territory, permission, right it leih reshu - is empowered, authorized, permitted
- reshu ahara – another (alien, foreign) domain
- revu – anointing (Onq, Numbers 18:8); 1:29b; 2:35a, 227b; anointing oil
- revu – greatness, abundance
- rfh – lenient, mild (judgment); soft, weak, light; slacken
- rfh yad – their hands grew slack, grew weak, weakened, grew feeble, became enfeebled; grew loose, loosened; they lost their grip; relaxed their hold, grip; their hands hung limp; courage failed, lost courage; cf. shemot, n. 259: slip out of their hands
- rfrf – move, shake, flutter, vacillate, tremble, vibrate, undulate
- rgsh – feel, perceive, sense
- itregish – tremble, become excited, was shaken
- rgz – anger, wrath, fury, agitation
- argiz – incite (to anger), provoke, anger, stir up, shake, excite, blaspheme
- rhm – lover, beloved, intimate friend, close friend
- rhq – be distant, far, distance oneself, go far away, move afar, keep far away, keep aloof, remove, withdraw; remote; loathsome, abhorrent, Targum Onqelos, ga’al
- rhsh – whisper, utter, express, murmur, chirp, feel; move, stir, is astir (Ps 45:2: ??? ???), educe, quiver, rustle, swarm, teem, creep; to be moved, be aroused; arouse thoughts; take place, happen, occur (generate, perform a miracle)
- riq, ariq – pour, pour out, pour forth, shower, empty, unsheathe, infuse
- rkn – arkin udna – incline, lend, bend an ear
- rmy – itremei – thrown, hurled, flung, cast (1:57b, 128a); occur, happen, may happen to be, chance, encounter (1:55b); see also 2:179a; Daniel 3:6; 6:8: be cast, thrown. Cf. remiv, “were thrown” 3:21; cf. 7:9. 2:179a (SdTs)
- mitremei – comes across (RH 28b)
- rmy - turei rama’ei - “towering mountains” 2:171b; kefar ra’min – 3:39b; kefar… mi-benei roma’ei (Romans?) 3:51a; rama’im – deceitful (RM 3:279a); Tishby, Wisdom of the Zohar 3:1436 (corrupt communal leaders); rama’in – impostors; turin rama’in (2:109b); patishin rama’in (1:7a)
- rmz – intimate, hint, suggest, gesticulate, imply, allude to, beckon, signal, indicate, gesture, trace, allusion; reflect
- itremiz – 93b, assumed the guise
- rnh - jubilation
- rq – be-reiqanya – in emptiness, emptily, empty, in a void, in vain, fruitlessly,
- rshm, reshimu - draw, mark, trace, insignia, engrave, inscribe, impress, imprint, stamp, etch, sign, designate, indicate, note, denote, prefiguration, (adumbration, token, design, figure, draft, omen), distinguish, line; stigma, brand; record, register, enroll, delineate, list; Sok – incise, engrave
- reshima (rishuma) qaddisha - holy mark, sign, insignia, inscription, engraving, insignia (of the King); itreshim – engraved in one’s flesh
- rvh – gain, attain, obtain, achieve, benefit, relieve
- rvy – itrevei - saturate, intoxicate, satiate, quench,
- sa’eiv – defile, impure
- sa’ir – goat (not he-goat)
- se’or she-ba-issah - Milgrom, Leviticus, 1:189
- sgy – amplifying the meaning to include… Aramaic, ?????? (le-asga’ah), “to increase,” a Zoharic rendering of the rabbinic Hebrew ????? (le-rabbot), “to increase,” include, amplify, widen the scope of meaning, encompass. In rabbinic hermeneutics the word ?? (gam), “also, too” amplifies the literal meaning of a biblical word or phrase. See Bereshit Rabbah 1:14; JT Berakhot 9:5, 14b.
- increase, abound, amplify, multiply, proliferate, spread, augment
- sha’asha – desire, delight, object of play, amusement, delight; delight in, with the righteous
- sha’ata – le(-fum) sha’ata – momentarily, temporarily, instantly, in a moment, for that (particular) moment, for a moment, from time to time
- Moses de León, Peirush ha-Merkavah, 60 – ke-fi sha’ah – just for a moment
- sha’eiv – absorb, infuse, draw, swallow, suck, soak, steep, saturate
- shaifa – member, smooth member, limb Aramaic, ????? (shaifa), from a root meaning “to smooth, rub, slip.” In the Zohar the word signifies “limb,” perhaps based on the Talmudic expression (BT, Sotah 7b):?? ?????? ???? (al eivreih le-shafa), “each limb entered its socket [the place from which it “slipped”; or “the chest”].” See Arukh, s.v. shaf; Rashi, ad loc., and on Job 33:21, citing Hullin 42b; Zohar 3:170a. Cf. Job 33:21.
- shaklel – found, complete, consummate
- sharei – alight, rest upon, dwell, inhabit, reside, occupy, encamp, settle, prevail, prevalent, halt, stay, abide, remain, befall, located, found, inhere, lives in, present, appear, lie, hover over, spread over, preside over, touch down, come down, land, loom over, impend, impose, haunt (Soncino), begin (sharui – found, staying, living), is situated (Mopsik); induce; loosen, untie, undo, unfasten, detach; dismiss, permit, forgive, annul, melt, thaw, release, begin, make water flow
- sharei be – housing, hold, contain, enclose, include, harbor, pertain, imbued with, befall; immersed in
- ashrei – ground, install, plant, cause to dwell (abide), ensconce, cause to flow, shower, shed, provide lodging, place, put, set, settle; le-ashra’ah – to dwell (2:135b, 13; 3:66a, 25))
- shd – ashid – testify, attest, admonish, warn, adjure, bear witness
- shd – shadei – pour, pour out, pour forth, pour into, cast, throw, stream, gush, expel, spew, discharge, inject, emit, shed (tears); abandon, reject, drive away
- shdl – engaged, exert oneself, exert effort, strive, endeavor, try, persevere, devote oneself, delve into, appease, win favor, induce, be assiduous, sedulous, diligent, busy (occupy) oneself, make an effort; persuade; attend on; pesiqta rabbati 26: strive to; OY on 2:46a
- wrestle – Jacob and angel, Targum; Mopsik: s’adonner, devote oneself
- entice, seduce - qohelet rabbah on 1:16; Pesiqta de-Rav Kahana 13:14
- shelamim – offerings of well-being; communion offering(s), sacrifice(s); Alter, p. 553
- shgh – pay attention, take notice (Sok); consider, gaze, peer, speculate, ponder, watch, watch over, oversee, care, be careful, show care, be attentive, regard, examine, inspect, investigate, scrutinize, look after, look upon, look closely, observe, stare, see, survey, search, supervise distinguish, perceive, notice, be aware, be concerned with, heed, call to mind, witness; providence; KB – look at closely, examine critically; notice, gaze at
- la shgh – disregard, having no regard, be inattentive, overlook, ignore, unaware, oblivious, unmindful; do not consider, heed, care, etc.
- ashgahuta, ashgaha – observing, observation, providential care, supervision, overseeing, providence, watchfulness, watching, scrutinizing
- shi’bud malkhuyot – subjugation to kingdoms, empires
- shkhh - shekhihei - located, found, present, appear, common; find, come upon, happen upon, meet, encounter, notice
- ishtekhah - == prevails, be prevalent, present, is current, exist, is common, find, find oneself, found, found to be, is still, considered, located, situated, occupy (a place), be occupied (engaged immersed) in, assemble, discover, come to be, come into being, become, derive, originate, become available, are enabled, attain, appear (seem), apparent, there, right there, extending, lurking, loom, hover, grow, develop, evolve, stem, turn into, manifest (reveal), bear, is present; making (totaling a certain number), fraught, haunts, prowls (Mopsik), take place, happen, happen upon, come upon, occur, transpire, elapse, be performed, remain, endure, spread, permeate, pervade, suffuse, imbue, fill, bathed in, consisted of, composed of, inhere, be in a state or condition of, involve, pertain, apply, be caused; le-ishtekhaha – so that there should be, find the opportunity
- so we find, so, thus, thereby, consequently, in consequence, so in actuality, it appears, it is apparent, it seems, apparently, it turns out
- shakhiah le-eina – obvious
- forget – 3:165b, 16
- la ishtekhah – nowhere to be found, not (to be) found, does not appear, not present, absent, missing, lacking, without, unavailable, vanishes, disappears, does not exist; there has never been, is no longer, is no, is not; does not find oneself; (such is, which is) not the case, to prevent; to be unable
- shkhkh – subside, calm, soothe, lull, pacify, appease, placate, mollify, assuage, quiet, quiet down, settle down, die down, ebb, wane, abate, gentle, tame, subdue; tranquility, rest, be still; diminish; embed
- shkhll – complete, form, dedicate, adorn (JPA); founded, established, finished, decorated, consummated
- shlm – complete, perfect, restore, become whole, consummate, fulfill, accomplish, harmonize, intact, total, unmitigated, full, finish
- ashlamuta, shelimu - consummation, fullness (milluim), perfection, complete, integrity, full complement; wholeness, completion, completeness
- gevar shelim – perfect, complete, consummate man (Onkelos on Genesis 25:27)
- shelim be-khola – entirely consummate, totally complete
- shlshl – concatenate, link, unfold, unfurl, develop; loosen
- shlt - dominate, have (obtain, gain) dominion, dominant, control, rule, master, authority, regulate, have (gain, hold) sway, prevail, prevalent, preside, reign, exercise sovereignty, govern, government, take control, in charge, in command, power, have power over, overpower, empower, overwhelm, subject, apprehend
- shalta beih eina – control, master, apprehend, penetrate, has (no) power over it, is empowered to see
- shalit – ruler, power, chieftain
- shma – mashma (ishtema), as indicated by, meaning, implying; prove, indicate, inform; it can be concluded, it follows; ke-mashma’o – literally
- qa mashma lan – it (Scripture) informs (tells, teaches) us; indicate, imply
- mashma dikhtiv – as implied (indicated) by what is written
- shema minah – infer, conclude (from this)
- shmr – observe, keep, guard
- shmsh - perform, serve, be of service to, minister, officiate, attend, utilize, use, make use of, exploit, resort to, profit from, benefit from, enjoy, avail oneself of, have access to; wield, make magical use, conjure; perform conjugally, perform conjugal union, join conjugally, conjugal performance, relations, intercourse, unite, join, merge; function, role; implement, accessory
- shmsh arsa – perform in bed; shimmusha (de-arsa) – conjugal union, relations; sexual relations, union
- shmsh (aveid) shimmusha – join (unite) conjugally, perform conjugal union, perform conjugally, perform its conjugal role (function)
- consult a bat qol; Lieberman, HJP, 194-95
- ishtemash - ply, wield, enjoy, perform; see shmsh
- shmt – slip, slip out, slip away, slip aside, escape, omit, release, abandon
- shna – ishtenei – mutated, deteriorated
- shnn – shenana (shinnana) de-harba - Targum Onqelos, Genesis 3:24; Targum, 1 Samuel 17:7; blade, flaming (flashing) blade (sword)
- shpl – shippulei –lower portion, skirt, outskirts, depths, bottom, recesses
- shpr – shapir – fine, seemly, beautiful, well (spoken), good, fair, lovely; shappir ka-amart - you have spoken well; well spoken
- shq – shaqyu – saturation, drenching, drinking, irrigation, watering, drink, soaking, flow, tide, moisten; saturating flow, saturated by the flow…
- shq’ – sink, embed, lower, submerge, immerse, stick in
- shql – weigh, balance, take, receive, carry, equivalent to; meter, rhythm
- shiqqula – weight, equal, balance, rhythm; be-shiqqula – even, evenly (hairs of the same length) – 2:176b (SdTs); 3:129a (IR), 131a (IR)
- shqr – betray, lie, belie, be false, prove false, deal false, misrepresent, falsify, be unfaithful, deny
- shr – ashar – surround, go about, goes around, move, revolve, turn
- shtf – collaborate, participate, join, combine, cooperate, (become a) partner with, (become) associate with, take part in, partake in, share in, include
- shtf – equivocal, join
- shtl – plant, sow, embed, spread (roots, mashtilim, spread pes rab, 3), disseminate, branch out, set; even shetiyah – shtt (midrash), shtl (ramdal, zohar); Liebes, Peraqim, 372-73; 1:56a: ashtil – active, transitive; 1:72a (ZP, 1:424, n. 627); 78a (ZP, 2:9, n. 55)
- shetilu – seedling, sapling
- shtsei – eliminate, eradicate, exterminate, extirpate, purge, annihilate, destroy, cut, cut off, excluded (krt - Targum Onqelos)
- shurah – lifnim mi-shurat ha-din - beyond the line of strict justice
- shut – roam, rove, fly, swim, float, drift, flit, wander, soar, sweep, flow, sail, range
- shuv – teshuvah – returning to God, return, turning back, repentance; repent, turn (back) in repentance
- ba’al teshuvah – one who returns to God, master of returning
- shv – shaveina alai – I resolved, I took upon myself, set my intention; place
- shvh - tushbahta – song, praise, song of praise, hymn, celebration; glorify; onqelos et ha-shirah ha-zot; yonatan: shir, mizmor le-david; praise, praiseworthy, worthy, worth, worthiness, merit, laudable, commendable, admirable, advantage, superiority, preference, esteem
- shevaha de-khola – finest of all, best of all
- ishtabbah – is praised, glorified; boasts, prides himself, take pride
- shvq – leave, abandon, neglect, forsake, desert (remove, withhold, withdraw); allow, permit, let, let go, forgive, forgo, waive, relax its hold, release
- siah – commune, speak, complain
- sitra - side, dimension, realm, direction, aspect (astrological influence), facet, flank, angle, page, corner, respect, perspective; mode (mopsik); (terein – twofold); inclination, intention, tendency, characteristic, type, species, way; tehum (Tishby); realm (Goldstein); piece (Goldstein, Matoq mi-Devash); segment
- mi-sitra – on account of; concerning, regarding
- sitra ahra – Gentiles; 1:204b
- skhkh – shut off for protection, shield, shelter
- skl – istakkal – gaze, contemplate, meditate, reflect, consider, ponder, speculate, envision, envisage, imagine, observe, notice, regard, investigate, examine, see, look, look into, look out for, behold, has an eye for, be watchful, careful, scrutinize, perceive, realize, glimpse, infer, foresee, oversee
- hakha it le-istakkala - Here one should contemplate, examine, investigate, observe, scrutinize, ponder, consider, notice
- me-hakha – from now on, henceforth
- hai qera it… This verse should be examined, calls for contemplation, should be contemplated, pondered, investigated…
- kamah it lon le-istakkalah – see kamah
- kad yistakkalun milei – upon contemplating (these) words
- sukhletanu – intelligence, understanding, reasoning, contemplation, discernment, mind (onqelos for tevunah, maskil; yerushalmi for binah) Deut 32:28 – tevunah, understanding, sukhletanu
- skm – askim – harmonize, agree, accord, concur; approve, confirm
- istakkam (al yedoi)– conform to his action, decision, etc; approve, agree, assent, concur with him; confirm, authorize; Liebes, Peraqim, 344
- slq - ascend, rise, arise, raise, elevate, lift, heave, climb, mount, amount to, mount up to, total, come to, total, add up to, scale, go up, attain, pertain, reach, touch, attack, result in, remove, remove oneself, keep away, take out, take up, offer up, pluck (from the world, or remove from the world), depart, withdraw, disappear, vanish, desert, abandon, escape, avert, leave; bring up, grow, shoot up, sprout, send forth, send up; rank, reckon, esteem, consider, regard, deem, count, evoke, culminate, complete, elapse, reserve, preserve, keep, store away, postpone, defer, remit, suspend, stay, die, pass away, perish, be eliminated, transcend, transcendent, exalt, retract, bring, bring upon, transfer, hand (over) to, consign, emit or waft, give off (fragrance), exude, gush, spout, excel, surpass, succeed, prevail; straddle; emerge, loosen, unloosen; be noticed, noticeable, stand out; engender, produce, yield, breed
- seliq al (bi-) re’uteih – entertain the desire, arose in His will
- slq bi-r’uta – when an impulse arose in the Will, a wish arose within (me)
- seliq al kola – transcends them all, surpass, excel, exceed
- seliq be-dina – arraign in judgment, brought to judgment (2:89b, 9; 139a, 4)
- seliqu – ascension, ascent, ascending, rising, arising, elevation, exaltation, ascendancy
- bi-sliqu – ascendantly
- slq be-mahashavah – arose in thought (Akiva)
- slq be-matqala – put on the scales, mount the scale (placed, weighed, balanced; scale)
- be-had matqala salqa – evenly balanced, equivalent; rises the same on the scale, attain equilibrium, attain one balance
- be-darga had salqa – ascending to (onto) a single rung, attaining a single rung
- see below: slq le-had – mount up to one, ascend to one, amount to one
- slq be-shem – attain a name
- slq be-hushbena – be reckoned (included) in the count, reckoned up, counted up
- slq be-yad – succeed, be successful, attain, work well, gain something, avail one something
- ve-khi salqa da’atakh – Now, do you (would you) (ever) imagine, how could you imagine, would it arise in your mind, would it enter your mind, could you possibly think, conceive, imagine, could it possibly occur to you? Now, do you really think (believe)?
- slq le-had – mount up to one, ascend to one, amount to one
- smkh – samekha – support; onqelos: samekha - eden – pedestal, base, socket; place next to, bring close, adjoin, adjacent; rely on; samekha – pillar (Liebes, Peraqim, 360)
- smn – ve–simanikh - Your mnemonic is:; sign, symbol, token
- smr – le-istamara - to be careful, beware, be wary, alert, guard, be on guard, vigilant, protect, is careful to, take heed, kept from, refrain
- sngr – defend, advocate (on behalf of someone’s cause)
- spq – ispaqlarya – lens, speculum, glass, mirror; clear, dim lens, glass; resplendent speculum, speculum that shines, does not shine.
- Huss, in Kabbalah 4 (1999): 109, n. 21; 111, n. 30.
- va-yeshev, p. 114, n. 191
- srh - putrefy, stink, decay, decompose, sin, spoil, degenerate, corrupt, foul, offend
- serahon – decay, repulsiveness, stench, offensiveness, corruption, sin (revert to, relapse into, decay, repulsiveness)
- sti – satei, satah - le-asta’ah – to lead astray, mislead, seduce, lure, to accuse; stray, deviate, veer, detour, shift, turn, turn off, turn aside, turn away, drift, swerve, delude, divert, pervert (see stn); (sti arha - pervert the way)
- stm – KB: shut, obstruct, hide; conceal, seal, envelop, close, close off, enclose, shut, stop, stop up, block, clog, constrict, mask, put out; rough-hewn (2:84b, 1); Daniel 8:26: setom he-hazon; seal up, keep secret; undisclosed secret, sealed secret; istetim – be stopped up, closed up, completed
- setam – unspecified, without specification, unidentified, unidentifiable, anonymous, nameless, undefined, in an undefined manner, indefinite (undifferentiated), without the definite article, in a general sense (way), unexplained, simply, merely, plain, uncharacterized, unqualified, without (further) qualification; just, alone; without adjectives, without attributes, by itself; pure and simple
- setam – contrasted with mammash 3:188b (Scholem: setam – symbol)
- satim millah – (Scripture) concealed the word (84a), 232b
- setama (setima) de-millah, 30b (unspecifed wording); 50a, 2:37b, 30–31 (gist of the word), 90a (unspecified wording); Sotah 25a: setama de-milta - a matter without qualification (Sokoloff, 834a), the usual practice; as a (general) rule (BM 32b); 3:99a: secrecy of the word; secrecy of the matter; mystery of the matter
- setama de-milta – ordinarily (RH 34a)
- setam – it’s taken for granted (RH 7b)
- setama de-millin – obscurity of words (30b)
- setim- enveloped, sealed, concealed, enclosed, obscure, secret, hidden, closed
- setim ainin – shut-eyed, blind
- raza setima – hidden (concealed) mystery
- setimu – secrecy, recess, secret recess, covert, concealment, blockage
- shkll – complete, form, fashion, build, found, adorn, decorate, perfect, consummate
- stn – accuse, indict, lead astray, seduce (see sti);
- suspita – dregs, scoria, slag, dross
- see note in qedoshim, 84b; the Zoharic neologism ??????? (suspita), “dross, dregs, scoria, slag,” apparently based on Aramaic ????? (kuspa), “pomace, husk, residue.” See Zohar 1:30a, 71b, 118b, 179b, 228a; 2:24b, 203a, 224b, 236b; Bei’ur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, 182; Scholem, Major Trends, 389, n. 54; idem, Alchemy and Kabbalah, 38–40; Liebes, Peraqim, 336-38. Forces of evil left over after the refining process of emanation. See now Liebes, Pulhan ha-Shahar, 200, who prefers the Greek etymology proposed and then rejected by Scholem.
- ta’am – reason, sense, meaning, exegesis, argument, rule, law, taste, basis, intonation
- ta’an – goad (MT 165, 388, n. 42)
- ta’av – false god, god, idol
- ta’ev – desire, have an appetite, long, yearn, crave, lust, eager
- talmid hakham – disciple of the wise, scholar, sage
- talmud lomar –Steinsaltz: the verse (Torah) states, the verse teaches, came to teach; Jastrow: the text reads, there is a teaching in the Scriptural text to intimate, read the text; Alkali – the word means, it teaches us; the verse reads
- mah talmud lomar – what does Scripture (the verse, it) mean by saying?
- tamtsit – residue, drippings, squeezings, juice, remnant, drain, leftovers
- temiru – secrecy
- tfs – catch, seize, hold, punish
- tfs – tufsa, tufsera – Tufsa derives from Greek tupos, “form, shape, figure, pattern, outline, mold, matrix.” configuration, frame, template, formula. Tifsa means “ember, coal” in Zohar 1:242a. See Bei’ur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, 178-80. apparently also in 1:218a. Cf. 1:237a (“flash”); 3:111a. 2:30b – tafsirin – fiery warriors, glowing embers?
- Luria, Va-Ye’esof David, tifsa; zp 3:479, n. 818
- tifsa – form of a person 2:86a
- tifsa – handle of a saddle, pommel, 2:89a, 28
- tufsa – theft (zh 65a)
- tifsa – sdts 2:177a, 41;
- sifta (tifsa) – 1:33b, lip of scale
- matqelin de-tifsin (of lips, forms?)– 2:178b (SdTs); cf. 3:295b, Beiur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, 179-80
- tfsr Luria, Va-Ye’esof David, tafserei
- tifsar – “military or administrative official, marshal, scribe” Jeremiah 51:27 (military official), ty - warrior; Nahum 3:17 (administrative official); tafsera (Sok)
- 221b – tifsera -dignitary
- applied to angels in piyyutim (Ben Yehudah, tifsar); also “riddle”
- 1:242b – tafsirei; 2:30b, tafsirin – fiery warriors, glowing embers?; 3:150a: tufserin daqiqin – slender potent embers
- 20b: matrix of the nexus Aramaic, ??????? ?????? (tufsira de-qutra). In the Zohar tufsira (or tufsera) can mean either “mold, form” (based on ????? [tufsa]) or “royal dignitary” (based on ????? [tafsera]). See Zohar 1:30b, 96b, 157a, 241b, 242b, 243b; 2:235b (Tos); 3:120a, 270b; Bei’ur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, 178-80, 185; KP; Scholem, Sefer ha-Zohar. Here the letters are linked in a creative pattern.
- 96b: Your heart’s configuration is apparent in your face! Similar expressions appear in Zohar 3:6a, 157a; ZH 72a (ShS). “Configuration” renders the Zoharic neologism ?????? (tufsera), based on Aramaic ????? (tufsa), “mold, form.” See Zohar 1:20b, 30b, 157a, 241b, 242b, 243b; 2:235b (Tos); 3:120a, 270b; Bei’ur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, 178-80.
- 157a: Aramaic, ?????? ?????? (tufsera de-qatnun), armed band of cutthroats. The first of a pair of enigmatic phrases. In the Zohar, tufsera can mean “form, mold, configuration,” based on ????? (tufsa), derived from Greek tupos, but here it seems to derive more naturally from the biblical term ???? (tifsar), “marshal, commander.” See Jeremiah 51:27, where tifsar is rendered by Targum Yonatan as “warriors” and understood by Rashi as “army.”
- tafsera – tufsira – ma’asar, shalshelet Beiur ha-Millim ha-Zarot, 178; 2:61a, “his feet in tafsera,” fetters
- thh – astonished, confounded, alarmed, consternated, dismayed, disturbed, regret, bewildered, dumbfounded; wonder
- thm – tehum – zone, region, boundary, border, limit, range, sphere, dominion, realm, domain, area; mark limits, form a border
- thr –
- tehirin – dazzling demons
- Aramaic, ?????? (tehirin), from the Aramaic root meaning “brightness, noon.” One class of demons is named ???? (tiharei), “noonday demons.” See Psalms 91:6, and Rashi, ad loc; Targum, Song of Songs 4:6; Targum Yerushalmi, Numbers 6:24, Deuteronomy 32:24. The Hebrew root??? (thr), “pure,” lends this demonic name a euphemistic tone. Liebes, 320
- for havilei tehirin, add: Zohar 1:94a, 130b, 198b, 200a, 232b (Tos); 2:130a-b, 195b, 205a, 207a ([ravaging] bands of dazzling demons)
- tla – hang, dangle, depend, suspend, hinge, hover, loom, impend, derive (from), trace (to), attribute to, assign to, link, attach, revolve on, prevail; pertain; da be-da – intertwined; available (teshuvah)
- tm – tam
- Jacob was a ?? (tam), simple, man... The verse reads: The boys grew up. Esau became a skilled hunter, a man of the field, while Jacob was a ?? (tam), simple, man, dwelling in tents. The word tam means “simple, innocent, plain, mild, quiet, sound, wholesome, complete, perfect.” Targum Onqelos, ad loc., renders it: ???? (shelim), “complete, perfect, consummate.” vayishlah, n. 86; vayhi 222a
- tamim - perfect [or: complete, blameless, wholehearted, unblemished]
- tn – tana ???? – it has been learned, taught (Kallah Rabbati 2:1: it has been taught; Yevamot 105b: it was taught); a tanna learned, taught
- tanei Rabbi Shim’on - Rabbi Shim’on teaches
- tanya – it has been taught
- tnr – tinnara – flint, rock, cliff
- toelta – benefit, value, avail
- without – uselessly, fruitlessly, pointlessly, to no (without) purpose, futilely, in vain
- toledin – begettings
- aveid toledin – generate offspring
- tqa – fasten, drive in, thrust, insert, strike, pitch (tent), embed, affix, stuck
- tqf, tuqpa, teqifu – potency, power, vigor, strength, force, stronghold, severity, intensity, harshness, roughness, boldness, agitated, turbulent; tuqpa de-dina, rigor of j, rigidity; effort, exertion, stern
- tuqpa de-ar’a – tabbur ha-arets (Targum Yonatan)
- tuqpa – bosom Onqelos –Numbers 11:12; Zohar 2:9a, 96a.
- taqqifa – fierce, ferocious, mighty, towering, harsh, potent, powerful, strong, dominant, formidable, hard, intense, severe, stern, strict, impregnable, solid, dense, terrible, bold, brazen, agitated, turbulent; coarse, rough
- ittaqaf – invigorated, energized, empowered, vitalized, intensified, increased, deepened, strengthen oneself, strengthen (also intransitive), gathering strength, gain strength, strengthened, reinforced, fortified, bolstered, emboldened, took courage, encourage, entrench; agitated, attack, assail, overcome, overpower, overwhelm, triumph, prevail, temper, harden oneself, steel oneself, summoning courage, brace; be stubborn, stubbornly; Hebrew, mahaziq – grasp, grip, seize, clutch, snatch, grab, take hold, hold fast, hold firm, hold tight, fasten, plant firmly, secure, stabilize, firm, tight, cleave, embrace
- ittaqaf be-tuqpa – empowered potently, steel yourself potently
- atqif – object; attack; seize, etc (mahaziq); constrain, compel, coerce, force, pressure, press, oppress; atqif le- strengthen, etc.
- tql weigh, balance, gauge
- matqala – weight, scales
- tiqla – zp 2:8, n. 51; 82, n. 634; 158, n. 320 – potter’s wheel, kick-wheel, scale, balance, hollow of the hand, fist, water-clock
- tqn
- tiqqen – mend, repair, recast, refound (glass), refine, enhance, improve, prepare, ready, available, brace oneself, cultivate, prime, enable, correct, proper, put (oneself) right, precise, rectify, perfect, restore, align, realign, straight, order, set in order, configure, arrange, array, adorn, embellish, decorate, ornament, design, weave, deploy, equip, furnish, establish, set, set up, place, make firm, confirm, harmonize, symmetrize, ripen, mature, remedy, amend, straighten, pave, smooth, make fit, qualified, suited, convenient, make up for, compensate, intone (song), poise, mold itself, attend (Soncino: maintain, uphold, sustain, renew, reinforce, cosmic reconstruction) Mopsik: reparation; ensure
- ittaqan al tiqquneih – restored to perfection, perfectly mended
- taqin – Onq: ve-taqin la-hada (ve-hinneh tov me’od)
- atqin – prepare, ordain, arrange, array, equip, attune, prime, invent, compose, innovate, institute, invest (someone with), establish, enact, inaugurate, install, erect, introduce, prescribe (array, ordain, institute evening prayer)
- atqin orha qaman, orha mittetaqna qaman – has paved the way for us; the way before us is paved, smooth; our path is made straight before us, auspicious (Soncino)
- ad la itqan, not yet revealed (KP 70c); ittaqan kursaya - nakhon la-rokhev (OY 2:30b)
- tiqquna – preparation, equipment, ritual, rite, restorative rite, restoration, reintegration, mending (of one’s being), correction, remedy, reparation, amends, enhancement, refinement, harmony, perfection, adorning, adornment, array, arraying, arrayal, arrangement, adjustment, finishing touch, configuration, maintaining; administration (of justice); institution, regulation, ruling, rule, directive, guideline, reform; well-being, (bodily) constitution; trappings, fixtures; procedure; weapon
- be-tiqquna – refinedly
- atqin tiqqun – restore perfection…
- tiqqunin of the beard – enhancements, curls
- tiqqun olam – social order, welfare; 1:38a: rearranged the world for them; working the earth, preparing the soil, cultivate; restoration, mending, enhancement, harmony, harmonizing, adorning, arrraying, maintaining, perfection of the world
- trd – trouble, harass, torment, beset; drive out, expel, banish
- trkh – grsh – drive out, cast out, expel, banish, divorce, exile, dismiss
- trq – havilei teriqin - ravaging bands of stingers
- trs – ba’alei terisin BT Berakhot 27b; Bekhorot 36a; shield-bearing warriors
- tsqf – tasqupa – pretext (Judges 14:4 (pretext, opportunity, occasion, ground for quarrel), Targum Yonatan; Radaq) 2:65a, 25 (Goldstein: subterfuge); Sullam – false charges
- ploy – 1:169b, 179b; 3:172b; 2:65a, 25
- 2:65b; 3:266b – tasqupei millin, fabricated accusations, fabrications; Targum Onqelos Deuteronomy 22:14 – false accusation, false charges; deeds that are only words; groundless, fictitious accusation of abominable behavior; Alter – and he impute to her misconduct; Ev – puts on her capricious charges; Dick – he’ll assert words of abuse toward her; JPS, NRSV – makes up charges against her; Tigay – accuses her of misconduct; Stone – makes a wanton accusation against her;
- tsr – tesirin, specters zp 1:156, n383); snare (1:195b, 30); 3:126a (walls?, sitrei?)
- 195b: snare ????? (Tesira), a Zoharic neologism whose meaning ranges. 1:178b (zp 3:79, n 531), where it apparently means “specter, spirit” (as in Zohar 1:17b, 20b). Cf. 2:29a (eerie?), 76a (sitrin), 240a (tehiru); 3:126a. Cf. qisra – cage? 219b; Luria, Va-Ye’esof David, s.v. tesirin
- perhaps derived playfully from the root ??? (tus), “to fly.”
- tsa’ara – trouble, distress, afflict, pain, suffering, sorrow, grief,harm, vex, aggravated, harass, bother, torment, annoy, pester
- tsh – tsahtsah – radiant, gleaming, lucent, sparkle
- tsn’ – conceal, modest,
- tseni’uta – modesty, privacy, concealment
- tshtsh – blot out, obliterate, expunge, smear
- tsrf – smelt, refine, purify, purge, try, test, mine; combine, permute
- tsv – tseva’am – their array; force, etc. (see heila)
- tsyr, tsiyyura – fashion, draw, form, mark, depict, tracing, figure, shape, drawing, picture, design
- tsrkh – necessary, requisite, required, essential, has to (be), (where it) must, is in need, be forced to, should be, (where it) should, have (no) need of, demand, appropriate, dependent
- de-la itsterikh – undesirable, unwanted, unwelcome, uncalled-for, needless, unncessary, not supposed to, which must not be…, (no one) may be, what (where) one should not, where there should be none
- man de-la itsterikh – the one who must not be encountered
- cf. Targum Onqelos, Deuteronomy 32:17: ???? ???? ???? ????.
- ve-hakhi itsterikh – necessarily (so), unavoidably; so it has to (had to, should, must) be, (this is) as (how) it should be, this was how it should have been, as required
- be-sha’at de-itsterikh - when necessary, when there is need, when the need arises
- tul – htl – cast, throw, inject, insert, inflict, fling, drop
- tu(v) – moreover, further, furthermore; thus, again, more; Rabbi Abba said further
- tus, “to fly” – tisin
- Zohar 1:16a, 19b, 108b (ST), 218a–b; 2:7b, 147b; 3:229b (RM).
- tv – tivu uqhshot – hesed ve-emet (Onk Gen 24:49; 47:29) steadfast kindness (Uri); faithfully and truly (Everett); true kindness, steadfast loyalty (JPS)
- aveid immeih tivu – treats him kindly
- otiv – treat (deal) well, kindly; benefit; do good
- tivu, tava – goodness, benefit, kindness
- tav leih de-la itberei - better for him if he had never been created!
- tvh - tivhah, tevaha, stunned, dismayed, astonishment, astound, surprise, amaze, wonder
- tva – demand (exact) requital, restitution, payment, punishment; ask, search, inquire
- tva elbon – avenge (demand requital for, exact punishment for) a humiliation (insult, shame)
- tva hova, dina – demand justice (punishment, restitution, payment) for a sin, debt
- tvr – break, fracture, pulverize, smash, shatter, splinter
- uq – ???? – anguish, constriction, distress, afflict
- vaddai – literally, surely, certainly, actually, truly, really, indeed, for sure, absolutely, undoubtedly, precisely, exactly; of course, obviously;
- see mammash: actual(ly), real, really, genuine, authentic, veritable, true, substantial, substance, literally, very, precisely, exact(ly), simply, identical; (him, it, your)self;
- vtq – vatiq – devoted, devotee
- ya’al – me’alya – beneficial, effective
- ya’ash – itya’ash – abandon (surrender) claim, relinquish, renounce, give (something) up, resign possession, discard from the mind, abandon hope of (despair of) recovery; forgo, yield
- yda – yedi’in – known, well-known, recognized, certain, specific, specified, particular, familiar, proficient in, expert in, acquainted
- yda – know, learn, be aware, perceive, discover, comprehend, understand, take note, realize, recognize, gain knowledge, are familiar with
- ishtemoda – perceive, know, recognize, discern, detect, ascertain, identify, well-known, renowned, know well, intimately, familiar, specific, discover, reveal, realize, notice, regard, make known, made manifest, distinguish, declare, cause to be recognized (odi’a), demonstrate, acknowledge, is evident, apparent, clearly
- odi’a – inform, apprise, reveal, tell, communicate, convey information, declare, make known, disseminate, show, demonstrate, mention, impart, relate
- ydh – thank, confess, concede, consent, acknowledge a debt; acclaim, praise, laud, glorify
- yetser ha-ra – evil impulse
- yhd – le-yahada yihuda – effecting, actualizing unification (union, unity) (fittingly); unite, unify; be-yihuda hada – in unison
- yhei – to hurry, hasten, rush (ohu) (2:136b, 29)
- yhv – impart, give, grant, bestow, present, provide, extend, offer, yield, confer, render, endow 818.12; furnish, deliver, transmit, convey, transfer, bring, put, set, place, plant, infuse; inflict, impose, assign, entrust; add
- YHVH I YHVH am your God
- yir’ah – awe, reverence, fear; revere, be in awe (of)
- ykhh – okhah – establish, prove, demonstrate; admonish, reprove, chastise, reprimand
- ykhl – kivyakhol – as it were, so to speak, as if it were possible, if one may say so, it is as if
- yld – olid – engender, procreate, have (a son), bringing forth offspring, reproducing, propagate
- yll – howl; howlers
- ynq – suck, suckle, absorb, imbibe, draw, draw nourishment , derive
- yqr yeqar – splendor; yeqara ila’ah - supernal splendor; honor, glory; splendid
- yrt – inherit, possess; transmit
- yry – mai ka mairei – how can he make such an assertion? what’s he point?
- yshv – hityashshev – settle, inhabit, situated, populate, stabilize, fix, be stable, calm, feel settled, become tranquil, composed, subside, establish, explain, reconcile, resolve, arrange evenly, deploy, be embedded, (smooth, even, level highway)
- yishuva – cultivation, habitation, civilization; yishuva de-alma – the inhabited world; right ordering of society (Soncino)
- ytm – yatom – without a teacher (Avodah Zarah 13b; Hullin 111b?); be orphaned of
- yvv – wail; trumpet; trumpeters; (wail - JT 16:5, 15d)
- ze’eir anpin – also understood as small countenance
- zhr – izdehar – wary, beware, aware, cautious, careful, show care for, heedful, mindful, vigilant, warn, alert, admonish, caution; radiate, glow; warning, admonition, advise, caution; radiance, splendor
- kamah it… le-izdahara – how vigilant (careful) a person should be…
- zkhei – deserve, privileged to, virtuous, worthy, worth, entitle, merit, enable, sake, attain, achieve, reach, gain, obtain, earn, has a right to, becomes the rightful owner, acquire, succeed, pure, purify, refine, qualify, make or render worthy, confer merit, become worthy, prove oneself worthy, be found worthy, deserving, just (Isaiah 33:5, targum: zekhu for tsedaqah), benefit; innocent; best, be victorious; la zkh- fail
- zekhut- (judge) favorably; worth, merit, virtue
- zaka’a – virtuous, righteous, pure, worthy, innocent, happy
- zkhr – invoke a name
- zlzl – belittle, disparage
- zmn - intending to, intent on, destined, determined, bound to, in the future, one day will, will then, will eventually, the time will arrive (come), ready, waiting, awaits (one), lie in wait, (lie) in store, poised, prepared, available, inclined to, about to, about to happen, is to (should do something), be present, appear, pave (the way), reserve
- zamin – welcome, etc. (zmn)
- azmin – appoint, designate, assign, commission, invite, summon, call, prepare, ready, arrange, provide, supply, destine, call forth
- izdamman - designated, appointed, destined, intended, reserved, to be, meant, prepared, prepared himself, await, poised, about to, going to, arranged, prearranged, ready, readied, available, provide, initiated, invited, come (to hand, to one’s help) providentially, meet, happen to meet, happen, happen upon, chance upon, come upon, come about, come to pass, befall, encounter (are confronted by), confront, appear, be present(ed), present itself, show up, assemble, gather, come along, turn up, loom, prevalent, end up with, have the opportunity to, manifest, summoned; “encountered that destined (fish)”
- nizdammen mal’akh – appointed, appear
- nizdammen lo ragli ehad - “happening to meet a pedestrian” (Sanhedrin 96a, Soncino)
- izdammenu le-gabeih – confront him (or can be “he encounters them”)
- zohama – filth, slime, lewdness, scum; scoria, dross, slag (of gold), pollution, dirt; contamination
- zq – ziqa – wind, stream of air, spark, demon, spirit (like ruah) 1:86b; 2:86a, 38; cf. 2:34b, 40–41
- zqf – rise, surge, billow
- zqq – zeqaq – obligate (the widow for yibbum)
- nizqaqin - attend to, obliged to, obligated to
- nzqq – join, be engaged in (with), be attached to
- itpe’el – be obliged to deal with, attend to, have sex
- zrz – izdaraz – arm, gird, ready for fighting, equipped; arouse, strengthen, encourage, brace; Onk - Numbers 32:17, 20; be alert, zealous, conscientious
- zv – ziva – glow, splendor, radiance, luster
- ziv yeqara – radiant glory
- zvg - zivvuga – coupling, partner, mate, joining, union; connubial, conjugal; izdavvag – couple, attack; verb: couple, join, attach,unite, pair, match, mate, wed, marry
- bat zug – mate, partner, spouse
- zyn – zaina – kind, type, weapon, device
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