webinar-python-exam-review-2021-05-21

# Exam Review 2022 May 21

# LABS
# Ch 3-13... all Labs!
# Ch 14-18 not as important, other than some good labs in Ch 15
# Ch 19-30 just LABS, but important practice!
# Use Submit Mode!!!

# fix your string input and output
# 1
# myVar = input().strip() # myVar = input().rstrip()
# # 2
# print("some stuff", end=" ") # if you ever override end
# print() # print(end="\n")

# Comp 1: Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc
# Data Types
# int
# float
# str
# lists
# dict
# tuples # immutable, any series x, y, z -> interpreted as a tuple... return x, y -> return (x, y)
# sets # all unique, no order -> no index, no slicing

# operators
# = # assignment
# == # "equality operator"... asking a question?
# <
# >
# >=
# <=
# !=
# +
# -
# *
# /
# % # modulo - more USEFUL than it seems
# // # floor division
# # keywords used like operators
# not
# in # if __ in __... if myString in myList
# and
# or # any one True means whole condition True... limit OR to 2 conditions

# Comp 2 Control Flow
# IF statements... if, if/else, if/elif, if/elif/else, etc
# LOOPS
# WHILE - an IF that repeats
# FOR - looping over a container, or looping a known number of times
# for __ in __:
# for item in myList:
# for n in range(0, 5):
# for i in range(len(myList):
# for key in myDictionary:

# FUNCTIONS
# defining/writing vs calling
# parameters vs outside "regular" variables
# parameters vs arguments
# return vs print() # do whichever the question says
# a good function has ONE JOB, modular
# methods are functions that "belong" to a class/type
# if you're write a certain function

def someFunction(x, y):
    return x + y

if "__name__" == "__main__": # am I running from this particular file?
    myInput = input()
    # call our function
    num = someFunction(myInput, someOtherNum)
    print(num)

# BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS
# print()
# input() # input().strip()
# # constructing / recasting functions
# int()
# str()
# float()
# dict()
# tuple()
# set()
# # functions that work with lists or other containers
# len()
# sum()
# min()
# max()
# sorted() # compare to list.sort()
# reversed() # compare to list.reverse()
# range()
# enumerate()
# round() # cousins math.ceil(), math.floor()
# open() # IO/file methods: f.write(), f.read(), f.readlines()
# help()
# dir()
# type()
# isinstance()


# help(list)
# print(dir(str))
# help(str.isdigit)
# for item in dir(str):
#     if not item.startswith("_"):
#         print(item)

# STRINGS
# be able to slice like it's 2nd nature
myString = "abc"
# myString[start:stop:step]
myRevString = myString[::-1]
print(myRevString)
#
# # STRING METHODS
# myString.format()
# myString.strip() # .lstrip(), .rstrip()
# myString.split() # returns a list of smaller strings
# " ".join(listOfStrings)
# myString.replace(oldSubStr, newSubStr) # remove... myStr.replace(subStr, "")
# myString.count(subStr) # returns int
# myString.find(subStr) # returns int
# case methods: myString.upper(), myString.lower()
# is/Boolean methods: isupper(), islower(), isdigit()

# know your WHITESPACE
# " " # 20ish variations in Unicode
# "\n"
# "\r" # carriage return
# "\b"
# "\t"
# "\f"

# LIST
# again be able to slice

# LIST METHODS
# +
# myList.append(item)
# myList.extend(anotherList)
# myList.insert(i, item)
# # -
# myList.pop(i) # pop by index
# myList.remove(item) # remove by value
# # other
# myList.count(item)
# myList.sort() # "modify in place", no return... compare to built-in sorted()
# myList.reverse() # "modify in place", no return... compare to built-in reversed()
# # not as important
# myList.index(item)
# myList.copy()
# myList.clear()
#
# # DICT
# # use the key like an index
# # you can use the dict KEY to get its VALUE
# myDictionary[key] # retrieve the value for that key... kinda like dict.get()
# # you can use the dict KEY to update/change its VALUE
# myDictionary[key] = value # set a new value, kinda like dict.update()
#
# myDict.get(key)
# myDict.update({k:v})
# myDict.items() # for k, v in myDict.items()
# myDict.keys() # returns a container of keys
# myDict.values() # returns a container of values
#
# # SETS
# mySet.add()
# mySet.remove(item) # by value
# mySet.pop() # removes a random entry

# COMP 3 files and modules

# MODULES
# MATH
# import math
math.factorial(x)
math.ceil(x.yz)
math.floor(x.yz)
math.pow(x, y) # similar to **
math.sqrt(x)

# full vs partial import
# import math --> math.factorial()
# from math import factorial --> factorial()
# from math import * --> factorial(), sqrt(), etc
# import math as m --> m.factorial()

# OPENING FILES

# # good practice: Ch 12 Task 4, 7, 8

with open("filename.txt", "r") as f:
    # # read() -> whole file as one big string
    # # readlines() -> a list of line by line strings
    myContent = f.readlines()

import csv
with open("filename.csv", "r") as f:
    # myContent = csv.reader(f) # a list-like object of line by line lists of strings
    myContent = list(csv.reader(f)) # delimiter="/t"

# write
with open("myNewFile.txt", "w") as f:
    # if you're figuring something out (and maybe looping to create strings)
    # ... you'll probably need to stay in this with/open block as you write the file
    f.write("I am writing a string into this file." + "\n")