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  1. [liveuser@localhost ~]$ echo "Scenario 3 - Text Utilities"
  2. Scenario 3 - Text Utilities
  3. [liveuser@localhost ~]$ cat /etc/passwd
  4. root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
  5. bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
  6. daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
  7. adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
  8. lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
  9. sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
  10. shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
  11. halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
  12. mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
  13. operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
  14. games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
  15. ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
  16. nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin
  17. systemd-network:x:192:192:systemd Network Management:/:/sbin/nologin
  18. dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
  19. polkitd:x:999:997:User for polkitd:/:/sbin/nologin
  20. colord:x:998:996:User for colord:/var/lib/colord:/sbin/nologin
  21. abrt:x:173:173::/etc/abrt:/sbin/nologin
  22. libstoragemgmt:x:997:994:daemon account for libstoragemgmt:/var/run/lsm:/sbin/nologin
  23. rpc:x:32:32:Rpcbind Daemon:/var/lib/rpcbind:/sbin/nologin
  24. setroubleshoot:x:996:993::/var/lib/setroubleshoot:/sbin/nologin
  25. rtkit:x:172:172:RealtimeKit:/proc:/sbin/nologin
  26. pulse:x:171:171:PulseAudio System Daemon:/var/run/pulse:/sbin/nologin
  27. ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologin
  28. chrony:x:995:990::/var/lib/chrony:/sbin/nologin
  29. mysql:x:27:27:MariaDB Server:/var/lib/mysql:/sbin/nologin
  30. tss:x:59:59:Account used by the trousers package to sandbox the tcsd daemon:/dev/null:/sbin/nologin
  31. geoclue:x:994:989:User for geoclue:/var/lib/geoclue:/sbin/nologin
  32. sssd:x:993:988:User for sssd:/:/sbin/nologin
  33. gdm:x:42:42::/var/lib/gdm:/sbin/nologin
  34. rpcuser:x:29:29:RPC Service User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
  35. nfsnobody:x:65534:65534:Anonymous NFS User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
  36. postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
  37. sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
  38. tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
  39. liveuser:x:1000:1000:Live System User:/home/liveuser:/bin/bash
  40. [liveuser@localhost ~]$ cat /etc/shadow
  41. cat: /etc/shadow: Permission denied
  42. [liveuser@localhost ~]$ sudo cat /etc/shadow
  43. root::17613:0:99999:7:::
  44. bin:*:17110:0:99999:7:::
  45. daemon:*:17110:0:99999:7:::
  46. adm:*:17110:0:99999:7:::
  47. lp:*:17110:0:99999:7:::
  48. sync:*:17110:0:99999:7:::
  49. shutdown:*:17110:0:99999:7:::
  50. halt:*:17110:0:99999:7:::
  51. mail:*:17110:0:99999:7:::
  52. operator:*:17110:0:99999:7:::
  53. games:*:17110:0:99999:7:::
  54. ftp:*:17110:0:99999:7:::
  55. nobody:*:17110:0:99999:7:::
  56. systemd-network:!!:17414::::::
  57. dbus:!!:17414::::::
  58. polkitd:!!:17414::::::
  59. colord:!!:17414::::::
  60. abrt:!!:17414::::::
  61. libstoragemgmt:!!:17414::::::
  62. rpc:!!:17414:0:99999:7:::
  63. setroubleshoot:!!:17414::::::
  64. rtkit:!!:17414::::::
  65. pulse:!!:17414::::::
  66. ntp:!!:17414::::::
  67. chrony:!!:17414::::::
  68. mysql:!!:17414::::::
  69. tss:!!:17414::::::
  70. geoclue:!!:17414::::::
  71. sssd:!!:17414::::::
  72. gdm:!!:17414::::::
  73. rpcuser:!!:17414::::::
  74. nfsnobody:!!:17414::::::
  75. postfix:!!:17414::::::
  76. sshd:!!:17414::::::
  77. tcpdump:!!:17414::::::
  78. liveuser::17613:0:99999:7:::
  79. [liveuser@localhost etc]$ sort /etc/passwd
  80. abrt:x:173:173::/etc/abrt:/sbin/nologin
  81. adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
  82. bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
  83. chrony:x:995:990::/var/lib/chrony:/sbin/nologin
  84. colord:x:998:996:User for colord:/var/lib/colord:/sbin/nologin
  85. daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
  86. dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
  87. ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
  88. games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
  89. gdm:x:42:42::/var/lib/gdm:/sbin/nologin
  90. geoclue:x:994:989:User for geoclue:/var/lib/geoclue:/sbin/nologin
  91. halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
  92. libstoragemgmt:x:997:994:daemon account for libstoragemgmt:/var/run/lsm:/sbin/nologin
  93. liveuser:x:1000:1000:Live System User:/home/liveuser:/bin/bash
  94. lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
  95. mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
  96. mysql:x:27:27:MariaDB Server:/var/lib/mysql:/sbin/nologin
  97. nfsnobody:x:65534:65534:Anonymous NFS User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
  98. nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin
  99. ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologin
  100. operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
  101. polkitd:x:999:997:User for polkitd:/:/sbin/nologin
  102. postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
  103. pulse:x:171:171:PulseAudio System Daemon:/var/run/pulse:/sbin/nologin
  104. root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
  105. rpcuser:x:29:29:RPC Service User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
  106. rpc:x:32:32:Rpcbind Daemon:/var/lib/rpcbind:/sbin/nologin
  107. rtkit:x:172:172:RealtimeKit:/proc:/sbin/nologin
  108. setroubleshoot:x:996:993::/var/lib/setroubleshoot:/sbin/nologin
  109. shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
  110. sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
  111. sssd:x:993:988:User for sssd:/:/sbin/nologin
  112. sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
  113. systemd-network:x:192:192:systemd Network Management:/:/sbin/nologin
  114. tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
  115. tss:x:59:59:Account used by the trousers package to sandbox the tcsd daemon:/dev/null:/sbin/nologin
  116. [liveuser@localhost etc]$ grep "root" /etc/passwd
  117. root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
  118. operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
  119. [liveuser@localhost etc]$ wc /etc/passwd
  120. 36 73 1846 /etc/passwd
  121. [liveuser@localhost etc]$ tail /etc/passwd
  122. tss:x:59:59:Account used by the trousers package to sandbox the tcsd daemon:/dev/null:/sbin/nologin
  123. geoclue:x:994:989:User for geoclue:/var/lib/geoclue:/sbin/nologin
  124. sssd:x:993:988:User for sssd:/:/sbin/nologin
  125. gdm:x:42:42::/var/lib/gdm:/sbin/nologin
  126. rpcuser:x:29:29:RPC Service User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
  127. nfsnobody:x:65534:65534:Anonymous NFS User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
  128. postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
  129. sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
  130. tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
  131. liveuser:x:1000:1000:Live System User:/home/liveuser:/bin/bash
  132. [liveuser@localhost etc]$ man 1 tail
  133. [liveuser@localhost etc]$ tail -25 /etc/passwd
  134. ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
  135. nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin
  136. systemd-network:x:192:192:systemd Network Management:/:/sbin/nologin
  137. dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
  138. polkitd:x:999:997:User for polkitd:/:/sbin/nologin
  139. colord:x:998:996:User for colord:/var/lib/colord:/sbin/nologin
  140. abrt:x:173:173::/etc/abrt:/sbin/nologin
  141. libstoragemgmt:x:997:994:daemon account for libstoragemgmt:/var/run/lsm:/sbin/nologin
  142. rpc:x:32:32:Rpcbind Daemon:/var/lib/rpcbind:/sbin/nologin
  143. setroubleshoot:x:996:993::/var/lib/setroubleshoot:/sbin/nologin
  144. rtkit:x:172:172:RealtimeKit:/proc:/sbin/nologin
  145. pulse:x:171:171:PulseAudio System Daemon:/var/run/pulse:/sbin/nologin
  146. ntp:x:38:38::/etc/ntp:/sbin/nologin
  147. chrony:x:995:990::/var/lib/chrony:/sbin/nologin
  148. mysql:x:27:27:MariaDB Server:/var/lib/mysql:/sbin/nologin
  149. tss:x:59:59:Account used by the trousers package to sandbox the tcsd daemon:/dev/null:/sbin/nologin
  150. geoclue:x:994:989:User for geoclue:/var/lib/geoclue:/sbin/nologin
  151. sssd:x:993:988:User for sssd:/:/sbin/nologin
  152. gdm:x:42:42::/var/lib/gdm:/sbin/nologin
  153. rpcuser:x:29:29:RPC Service User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
  154. nfsnobody:x:65534:65534:Anonymous NFS User:/var/lib/nfs:/sbin/nologin
  155. postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
  156. sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
  157. tcpdump:x:72:72::/:/sbin/nologin
  158. liveuser:x:1000:1000:Live System User:/home/liveuser:/bin/bash
  159. [liveuser@localhost etc]$
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