EChest Colour

-- By TheRareCarrot/REghZy >:)
-- This is an implementation of the WPF layout system in lua
-- The measure phase takes a constraint and measures the component (and child components too) to calculate the desired size
-- The arrange phase positions the component (and child components) on screen, relative to the parent component
-- The layout is a recursive operation, so it can affect performance if a layout is requested for a fairly top level component
-- Rendering is pretty bad, as implementing a pixel buffer in computercraft would be expensive and so the entire component tree is re-drawn (but only when required (InvalidateVisual))

local USE_DEBUG_TRACE = true
local TRACE = {}

local AppTimerId = 0
local AppTimerTickRate = 10
local AppTimerInterval = 1 / AppTimerTickRate
local IsAppRunning = true
local AppDispatcherId = 0

---@class AppRootComponent : UIComponent
local AppRootComponent

-- display sleep utils, to help with server performance
local CanDisplayAutoSleep = true
local IsDisplayHidden = false
local LastDisplayWakeTime = 0

-- ONLY USE IN EXCEPTIONAL CASES!!! THIS WILL EAT UP A MEGATON OF DISK
local ALLOW_PRINT_DEBUG = false

local ENABLE_RENDERING = true
local IsRootRenderDirty = false
local DebugFileHandle = nil

local IsProcessingDispatcherQueue = false
local TheLayoutUpdateTask = nil

local ui = {}
local maths = {}
local toolkit = {}

local CompositionTarget = term
local CompositionOffsetX = 0
local CompositionOffsetY = 0
local CompositionWidth = 0
local CompositionHeight = 0
local CompositionComponentSource = nil

local FocusedComponent = nil
local MouseCapturedComponent = nil

local NextDispatcherOperationId = 1
local PriorityHighest = 1
local PriorityLayout = 2
local PriorityRender = 3
local PriorityBackground = 4

local Event_PreviewMouseDown = 1
local Event_MouseDown = 2
local Event_MouseDrag = 3

-- direction: -1 = up/away, +1 = down/towards
local Event_PreviewMouseWheel = 4
local Event_MouseWheel = 5

local Event_Button_OnClick = 20
local Event_TabItem_OnNowActive = 40
local Event_PropertyChanged = 100

-- stores the application root component objects
local ForceArrangeOrMeasure = false
local layout_arrange_queue = {}
local layout_measure_queue = {}
local dispatcher_queue = {
    [PriorityHighest] = {},
    [PriorityLayout] = {},
    [PriorityRender] = {},
    [PriorityBackground] = {},
}

local delayedTaskQueue = {}

local ConfigTable = {}

---Defines a new type, using the given base type class
---@param baseType table? The base class
---@param readableTypeName string? A readable type name (usually the name of the table returned)
---@return table table The actual type
function DefineType(baseType, readableTypeName)
    local theTable = {}
    theTable.__index = theTable
    if (baseType ~= nil) then
        setmetatable(theTable, baseType)
        theTable.__TheBaseType__ = baseType
    end
    theTable.ActualTypeString = readableTypeName or "<no typename>"
    if (baseType ~= nil and baseType.SetupDerivedType ~= nil) then
        baseType.SetupDerivedType(baseType, theTable)
    end
    return theTable
end

---Creates a new instance of the given type
---@param theType table The type
---@param readableTypeName string? The readable type name (key as TypeName). Defaults to the type's ActualTypeString
---@return table table The new instance
function NewTypeInstance(theType, readableTypeName)
    local baseType = theType.__TheBaseType__
    local obj
    if (baseType == nil or baseType.new == nil) then
        obj = {}
    else
        obj = baseType.new()
    end

    setmetatable(obj, theType)
    obj.TypeName = readableTypeName or theType.ActualTypeString
    obj.__TheType__ = theType
    obj.__TheBaseType__ = baseType
    return obj
end

--region Base Object

---@class BaseRZObject
---@field TypeName string?
---@field __TheType__ table
---@field __TheBaseType__ table
local BaseRZObject = DefineType(nil, "BaseRZObject")

---@class DependencyObject : BaseRZObject
---@field PropValueTable table
DependencyObject = DefineType(BaseRZObject, "DependencyObject")
DependencyObject.PropTable = {}
DependencyObject.PropTable.TotalEntries = 0

function DependencyObject:SetupDerivedType(derivedType)
    derivedType.PropTable = {}
    derivedType.PropTable.TotalEntries = 0
    -- error("New derived: " .. self.ActualTypeString .. "->" .. derivedType.ActualTypeString .. ". " .. tostring(self.PropTable) .. " -> " .. tostring(derivedType.PropTable))
end

local PropertyNullWrapper = {}

function DependencyObject.new()
    local obj = NewTypeInstance(DependencyObject, "DependencyObject")
    obj.PropValueTable = {}
    return obj
end

---@alias PropertyChangeFlags
---| "AffectsMeasure"
---| "AffectsArrange"
---| "AffectsRender"

---@alias HorizontalAlignment
---| "left"
---| "center"
---| "right"
---| "stretch"

---@alias VerticalAlignment
---| "top"
---| "center"
---| "bottom"
---| "stretch"

---@alias Visibility
---| "visible"
---| "hidden"
---| "collapsed"

---@alias DockSide
---| "left"
---| "top"
---| "right"
---| "bottom"

---@alias EventHandler fun(self: any, time: number, args: table):boolean?

---Defines a new property for this type. DO NOT REGISTER FOR EACH INSTANCE OF OBJECT!
---@param name string The property name
---@param theType type The type of value stored
---@param defValue any The default value
---@param ... PropertyChangeFlags AffectsRender, AffectsMeasure, AffectsArrange
function DependencyObject:RegProp(name, theType, defValue, ...)
    if (self.PropTable == nil) then
        error("Not a DependencyObject: " .. (self.TypeName or "<unknown type>"))
    end
    if (self.PropTable[name] ~= nil) then
        error("Property already exists: " .. name .. ". Self = " .. self.ActualTypeString)
    end
    if (self.__TheType__ ~= nil) then
        error("Properties must be registered on the object type table, not the instance")
    end

    local property = {
        Name = name,
        ValueType = theType,
        DefaultValue = defValue,
        Flags = {},
        ChangeHandlers = {}
    }

    if (arg ~= nil) then
        for i = 1, arg.n do
            property.Flags[arg[i]] = true
        end
    end

    self.PropTable[name] = property
    self.PropTable.TotalEntries = self.PropTable.TotalEntries + 1
    return property
end

---Finds a property with a string name, or returns the property passed as a parameter
---@param self DependencyObject Ourself
---@param thePropertyOrName table|string
---@return table
function DependencyObject:FindProperty(thePropertyOrName)
    if (type(thePropertyOrName) == "string") then
        local obj = self
        local property
        while (true) do
            property = obj.PropTable[thePropertyOrName]
            if (property ~= nil) then
                return property
            end

            obj = obj.__TheBaseType__
            if (obj == nil) then
                break
            end
        end
        error("No such property: " .. thePropertyOrName)
    elseif (thePropertyOrName == nil) then
        error("Property (or name) cannot be null")
    elseif (thePropertyOrName.Name == nil) then
        error("Invalid property object")
    end

    return thePropertyOrName
end

---Adds a property changed handler. This has the same method signature as a
---regular event. These are fired before Event_PropertyChanged
---@param propName string Property Name
---@param onPropertyChangedHandler EventHandler The event handler function
function DependencyObject:AddPropertyHandler(propName, onPropertyChangedHandler)
    local definition = self.PropTable[propName]
    if (definition == nil) then
        error("No such property: " .. propName)
    end
    table.insert(definition.ChangeHandlers, onPropertyChangedHandler)
end

function DependencyObject:GetPropValue(propertyOrName)
    local property = self:FindProperty(propertyOrName);
    local value = self.PropValueTable[property]
    if (value == nil) then
        return property.DefaultValue
    elseif (value == PropertyNullWrapper) then
        return nil
    else
        return value
    end
end

function DependencyObject:SetPropValue(propertyOrName, newValue)
    local property = self:FindProperty(propertyOrName);
    local oldValue = self.PropValueTable[property]
    if (oldValue == nil) then
        oldValue = property.DefaultValue
    end

    if (oldValue == newValue) then
        return
    end

    self.PropValueTable[property] = newValue or PropertyNullWrapper
    self:InternalOnPropValueChanged(property, oldValue, newValue, false)
    return self
end

function DependencyObject:ClearPropValue(propertyOrName)
    local property = self:FindProperty(propertyOrName);
    local oldValue = self.PropValueTable[property]
    if (oldValue == nil) then
        return
    end

    if (oldValue == PropertyNullWrapper) then
        oldValue = nil
    end

    self.PropValueTable[property] = nil
    self:InternalOnPropValueChanged(property, oldValue, nil, true)
end

function DependencyObject:InternalOnPropValueChanged(property, oldValue, newValue, isClearing)

end

--endregion

--region UI Methods

local function IndexForPixel(x, y)
    return (y - 1) * CompositionWidth + x
end

---Sets the background colour
---@param the_bg integer? The colour
function ui.setBackgroundColour(the_bg)
    if (the_bg ~= nil) then
        CompositionTarget.setBackgroundColour(the_bg)
    end
end

---Sets the text colour
---@param the_tc integer? The colour
function ui.setTextColour(the_tc)
    if (the_tc ~= nil) then
        CompositionTarget.setTextColour(the_tc)
    end
end

---Clears the target
function ui.clear()
    CompositionTarget.setBackgroundColour(colours.black)
    CompositionTarget.setTextColour(colours.white)
    CompositionTarget.clear()
    CompositionTarget.setCursorPos(1, 1)
end

---Raw function for writing text at a position (just calls setCursorPos and write)
---@param x integer The X pos to write text at
---@param y integer The Y pos to write text at
---@param text string The text to write
function ui.writeTextAt(x, y, text)
    CompositionTarget.setCursorPos(x + CompositionOffsetX, y + CompositionOffsetY)
    CompositionTarget.write(text)
end

---Fills a region with a colour
---@param x integer The X pos to begin drawing at
---@param y integer The Y pos to begin drawing at
---@param width integer The width of the square
---@param height integer The height of the square
---@param bg_colour integer? The colour to draw
function ui.fill(x, y, width, height, bg_colour)
    ui.setBackgroundColour(bg_colour)
    local text = string.rep(" ", width)
    for i = 0, height - 1 do
        ui.writeTextAt(x, y + i, text)
    end
end

---Writes text at the given position with a given text and background colour
---@param x integer The X pos to write text at
---@param y integer The Y pos to write text at
---@param text string The text to write
---@param text_colour integer? The text colour
---@param bg_colour integer? The background colour
function ui.drawText(x, y, text, text_colour, bg_colour)
    ui.setTextColour(text_colour)
    ui.setBackgroundColour(bg_colour)
    ui.writeTextAt(x, y, text)
end

---Writes text at the given position with a given text and background colour
---@param x integer The X pos to write text at
---@param y integer The Y pos to write text at
---@param text string The text to write
---@param text_colour integer? The text colour
---@param bg_colour integer? The background colour
function ui.drawTextCentered(x, y, width, height, text, text_colour, bg_colour)
    local absX = math.floor((width / 2) - (#text / 2))
    local absY = math.floor(height / 2)
    ui.drawText(x + absX, y + absY, text, text_colour, bg_colour)
end

---Draws a horizontal line
---@param x integer The X pos to start the line at
---@param y integer The Y pos to start the line at
---@param length integer The length of the line
---@param colour integer? The colour of the line
function ui.drawLineH(x, y, length, colour)
    ui.setBackgroundColour(colour)
    ui.writeTextAt(x, y, string.rep(" ", length))
end

---Draws a vertical line
---@param x integer The X pos to start the line at
---@param y integer The Y pos to start the line at
---@param height integer The height of the line
---@param colour integer? The colour of the line
function ui.drawLineV(x, y, height, colour)
    x = x + CompositionOffsetX
    y = y + CompositionOffsetY
    ui.setBackgroundColour(colour)
    for i = 1, height, 1 do
        CompositionTarget.setCursorPos(x, y + i)
        CompositionTarget.write(" ")
    end
end

local function internal_calc_progress_bar(length, min, max, value)
    return math.floor((maths.clamp(value, min, max) / (max - min)) * length)
end

---Draws a progress bar
---@param x integer The X pos to start drawing
---@param y integer The Y pos to start drawing
---@param length integer The length of the progress bar
---@param min number The minimum value
---@param max number The maximum value
---@param value number The value
---@param bg_colour integer? The background colour (non-value)
---@param val_colour integer? The foreground aka value colour
---@param rightToLeft boolean? True to draw the progress right to left instead of left to right
function ui.drawProgressBarH(x, y, length, min, max, value, bg_colour, val_colour, rightToLeft)
    local draw_len = internal_calc_progress_bar(length, min, max, value)
    ui.drawLineH(draw_len + 1, y, length - draw_len, bg_colour)
    if (rightToLeft == true) then
        ui.drawLineH(x + length - draw_len, y, draw_len, val_colour)
    else
        ui.drawLineH(x, y, draw_len, val_colour)
    end
end

---Draws a progress bar
---@param x integer The X pos to start drawing
---@param y integer The Y pos to start drawing
---@param height integer The height of the progress bar
---@param min number The minimum value
---@param max number The maximum value
---@param value number The value
---@param bg_colour integer? The background colour (non-value)
---@param val_colour integer? The foreground aka value colour
---@param bottomToTop boolean? True to draw the progress bottom to top instead of top to bottom
function ui.drawProgressBarV(x, y, height, min, max, value, bg_colour, val_colour, bottomToTop)
    ui.drawLineV(x, y, height, bg_colour)
    local draw_len = internal_calc_progress_bar(height, min, max, value)
    if (bottomToTop ~= nil and bottomToTop == true) then
        ui.drawLineV(x, y + height - draw_len, draw_len, val_colour)
    else
        ui.drawLineV(x, y, draw_len, val_colour)
    end
end

--endregion

--region Utils

function PushFunction(funcName, ...)
    if (USE_DEBUG_TRACE) then
        table.insert(TRACE, {FunctionName = funcName, Args = {...}})
    end
end

function PushFunctionAndInvoke(funcName, func, ...)
    PushFunction(funcName)
    return PopFunction(func(...))
end

function PopFunction(...)
    if (USE_DEBUG_TRACE and #TRACE > 0) then
        table.remove(TRACE, #TRACE)
    end
    if (... ~= nil) then
        return ...
    end
end

function PrintStackTrace()
    for i = 1, #TRACE, 1 do
        local info = TRACE[i]
        local text = info.FunctionName
        if (#info.Args > 0) then
            local strtab = {}
            for key, value in pairs(info.Args) do
                if (type(key) == "number") then
                    table.insert(strtab, tostring(value))
                else
                    table.insert(strtab, tostring(key) .. "=" .. tostring(value))
                end
            end

            text = text .. ": " .. table.concat(strtab, ", ")
        end
        print(text)
        PrintDebug(text)
    end
end

function PrintDebug(msg, ...)
    if (ALLOW_PRINT_DEBUG and DebugFileHandle ~= nil) then
        local args = {...}
        if (args ~= nil and #args > 0) then
            for i = 1, #args do
                local theArg = args[i]
                if (theArg == nil) then
                    args[i] = "nil"
                else
                    local argType = type(theArg)
                    if (argType == "boolean" or argType == "function" or argType == "table") then
                        args[i] = tostring(theArg)
                    end
                end
            end

            msg = string.format(msg, unpack(args))
        end
        DebugFileHandle.writeLine(msg)
    end
end

function maths.min(...)
    local min = 0
    for i = 1, arg.n, 1 do
        min = math.min(#arg[i], min)
    end
    return min
end

function maths.max(...)
    local max = 0
    for i = 1, arg.n, 1 do
        max = math.max(#arg[i], max)
    end
    return max
end

function maths.clamp(value, min, max)
    if (value < min) then return min end
    if (value > max) then return max end
    return value
end

function maths.isNaN(val)
    return val ~= val
end

function UpdateCachedIndices(children)
    for k, obj in pairs(children) do
        obj.IndexInParent = k
    end
end

function ClearTable(theTable)
    for i = #theTable, 1, -1 do
        table.remove(theTable, i)
    end
end

--endregion

--region Dispatcher utils

local DispatcherOperation = DefineType(BaseRZObject, "DispatcherOperation")

function DispatcherOperation.new(theMethod, ...)
    local id = NextDispatcherOperationId
    NextDispatcherOperationId = id + 1
    local operation = NewTypeInstance(DispatcherOperation)
    operation.Id = id
    operation.IsCompleted = false
    operation.Method = theMethod
    operation.Args = {...}
    return operation
end

function InvokeAsync(theMethod, priority, ...)
    local operation = DispatcherOperation.new(theMethod, ...)
    if (priority == nil) then
        priority = PriorityBackground
    end

    table.insert(dispatcher_queue[priority], operation)
    if (AppDispatcherId == 0) then
        AppDispatcherId = os.startTimer(0)
    end

    return operation
end

function InvokeAsyncWithDelay(theMethod, delay_seconds, ...)
    local operation = DispatcherOperation.new(theMethod, ...)
    operation.TimeUntilExecution = os.clock() + delay_seconds
    table.insert(delayedTaskQueue, operation)
end

--endregion

--region UI Toolkit

---@class UIComponent : DependencyObject
---@field DesiredWidth number
---@field DesiredHeight number
---@field RenderPosX number
---@field RenderPosY number
---@field RenderWidth number
---@field RenderHeight number
---@field _internal_Visibility Visibility
---@field _internal_FinalVisibility Visibility
---@field IsVisualDirty boolean
---@field IsMeasureDirty boolean
---@field IsArrangeDirty boolean
---@field NeverMeasured boolean
---@field NeverArranged boolean
---@field MeasureInProgress boolean
---@field ArrangeInProgress boolean
---@field MeasureDuringArrange boolean
---@field LastMeasureAvailableWidth number
---@field LastMeasureAvailableHeight number
---@field LastArrangeFinalX number
---@field LastArrangeFinalY number
---@field LastArrangeFinalW number
---@field LastArrangeFinalH number
---@field IsVisualPositionValid boolean
---@field Children UIComponent[]
---@field IndexInParent integer
---@field Parent UIComponent
---@field IdToChildTable table<string,UIComponent>
---@field EventHandlers table<EventHandler>
UIComponent = DefineType(DependencyObject, "UIComponent")
UIComponent.MarginLProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UIComponent, "MarginL", "number", 0, "AffectsArrange")
UIComponent.MarginTProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UIComponent, "MarginT", "number", 0, "AffectsArrange")
UIComponent.MarginRProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UIComponent, "MarginR", "number", 0, "AffectsArrange")
UIComponent.MarginBProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UIComponent, "MarginB", "number", 0, "AffectsArrange")
UIComponent.HorizontalAlignmentProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UIComponent, "HorizontalAlignment", "string", "left", "AffectsArrange")
UIComponent.VerticalAlignmentProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UIComponent, "VerticalAlignment", "string", "top", "AffectsArrange")
UIComponent.WidthProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UIComponent, "Width", "number", nil, "AffectsMeasure")
UIComponent.HeightProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UIComponent, "Height", "number", nil, "AffectsMeasure")
UIComponent.MinWidthProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UIComponent, "MinWidth", "number", 0, "AffectsMeasure")
UIComponent.MinHeightProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UIComponent, "MinHeight", "number", 0, "AffectsMeasure")
UIComponent.MaxWidthProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UIComponent, "MaxWidth", "number", math.huge, "AffectsMeasure")
UIComponent.MaxHeightProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UIComponent, "MaxHeight", "number", math.huge, "AffectsMeasure")
UIComponent.IsFocusableProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UIComponent, "IsFocusable", "boolean", false)
UIComponent.IsFocusedProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UIComponent, "IsFocused", "boolean", false)
UIComponent.BackgroundProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UIComponent, "Background", "number", nil, "AffectsRender")

---@class Button : UIComponent
---@field IsPressed boolean
---@field IsToggleButton boolean
---@field Text string
---@field DoNotProcessButtonClickLogic boolean
Button = DefineType(UIComponent, "Button")
Button.TextProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(Button, "Text", "string", "Text", "AffectsMeasure", "AffectsRender")
Button.PressedBackgroundProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(Button, "PressedBackground", "number", colours.lightBlue, "AffectsRender")

---@class TextBlock : UIComponent
TextBlock = DefineType(UIComponent, "TextBlock")
TextBlock.TextProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(TextBlock, "Text", "string", "Text", "AffectsMeasure", "AffectsRender")
TextBlock.TextColourProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(TextBlock, "TextColour", "string", colours.white, "AffectsRender")

---@class UniformPanel : UIComponent
UniformPanel = DefineType(UIComponent, "UniformPanel")
UniformPanel.OrientationProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UniformPanel, "Orientation", "string", "horizontal")
UniformPanel.SpacingProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(UniformPanel, "Spacing", "number", 0)

---@class HorizontalStackPanel : UIComponent
HorizontalStackPanel = DefineType(UIComponent, "HorizontalStackPanel")

---@class VerticalStackPanel : UIComponent
VerticalStackPanel = DefineType(UIComponent, "VerticalStackPanel")

---@class DockPanel : UIComponent
DockPanel = DefineType(UIComponent, "DockPanel")

---@class ContentPresenter : UIComponent
ContentPresenter = DefineType(UIComponent, "ContentPresenter")

---@class ContentPresenter : UIComponent
---@field MyContentPresenter ContentPresenter
local TabControl = DefineType(UIComponent, "TabControl")

---@class ProgressBar : UIComponent
ProgressBar = DefineType(UIComponent, "ProgressBar")
ProgressBar.ValueColourProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(ProgressBar, "ValueColour", "number", colours.lightBlue, "AffectsRender")
ProgressBar.ValueProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(ProgressBar, "Value", "number", 0, "AffectsRender")
ProgressBar.MinimumProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(ProgressBar, "Minimum", "number", 0, "AffectsRender")
ProgressBar.MaximumProperty = DependencyObject.RegProp(ProgressBar, "Maximum", "number", 1, "AffectsRender")

---@class DualColourTextBlock : UIComponent
---@field LeftText string
---@field RightText string
---@field LeftColour number
---@field RightColour number
local DualColourTextBlock = DefineType(UIComponent, "DualColourTextBlock")

---@class BasePageComponent : UIComponent
local BasePageComponent = DefineType(UIComponent, "BasePageComponent")

---@class HomePageComponent : BasePageComponent
---@field PowerLabel DualColourTextBlock
---@field FuelLevelLabel DualColourTextBlock
---@field FuelLevelProgBar ProgressBar
---@field FuelTempLabel DualColourTextBlock
---@field FuelTempProgBar ProgressBar
---@field CasingTempLabel DualColourTextBlock
---@field CasingTempProgBar ProgressBar
---@field EnergyLabel DualColourTextBlock
---@field StoredLabel DualColourTextBlock
---@field StoredProgBar ProgressBar
---@field ControlRodsLabel DualColourTextBlock
---@field ControlBtn_Auto Button
---@field ControlBtn_On Button
---@field ControlBtn_Off Button
local HomePageComponent = DefineType(BasePageComponent, "HomePageComponent")

---@class RodsPageComponent : BasePageComponent
local RodsPageComponent = DefineType(BasePageComponent, "RodsPageComponent")

---@class AutoPageComponent : BasePageComponent
local AutoPageComponent = DefineType(BasePageComponent, "AutoPageComponent")

---@class InfoPageComponent : BasePageComponent
local InfoPageComponent = DefineType(BasePageComponent, "InfoPageComponent")

---Adds an event handler (of the given event type) to this component
---@param type number The event type
---@param handler EventHandler The handler. Parameters are self,time,args
function UIComponent:AddEventHandler(type, handler)
    PushFunction("AddEventHandler", self.TypeName)
    local myHandlerTable = self.EventHandlers[type]
    if (myHandlerTable == nil) then
        myHandlerTable = {}
        self.EventHandlers[type] = myHandlerTable
    end
    table.insert(myHandlerTable, handler)
    PopFunction()
end

---Raises an event of the given type, using the given time and args as parameters (and ourself obviously)
---@param type number The event type
---@param time number The os clock time
---@param args table The event args
---@return boolean boolean The event args handled state
function UIComponent:RaiseEvent(type, time, args)
    PushFunction("RaiseEvent", self.TypeName)
    local tab = self.EventHandlers[type]
    if (tab ~= nil) then
        if (time == nil) then time = os.clock() end
        for i, handler in ipairs(tab) do
            if (handler(self, time, args) == true) then
                args.handled = true
            end
        end
    end
    return PopFunction(args.handled)
end

function UIComponent:InternalOnPropValueChanged(property, oldValue, newValue, isClearing)
    if (property.Flags["AffectsMeasure"] == true) then
        self:InvalidateMeasure()
    end

    if (property.Flags["AffectsArrange"] == true) then
        self:InvalidateArrange()
    end

    if (property.Flags["AffectsRender"] == true) then
        self:InvalidateVisual()
    end

    DependencyObject.InternalOnPropValueChanged(self, property, oldValue, newValue, isClearing)

    local time = os.clock()
    local args = {OldValue = oldValue, NewValue = newValue, Property = property}
    for i, handler in ipairs(property.ChangeHandlers) do
        handler(self, time, args)
    end
    self:RaiseEvent(Event_PropertyChanged, time, args)
end

---new UIComponent
function UIComponent.new()
    local obj = NewTypeInstance(UIComponent, "UIComponent")
    obj.DesiredWidth = 0      -- measured width based on Width and children
    obj.DesiredHeight = 0     -- measured height based on Height and children
    obj.RenderPosX = 0        -- arranged render X (relative to parent duh)
    obj.RenderPosY = 0        -- arranged render Y (relative to parent duh)
    obj.RenderWidth = 0       -- arranged render width
    obj.RenderHeight = 0      -- arranged render height
    obj._internal_Visibility = "visible"      -- our target visibility
    obj._internal_FinalVisibility = "visible" -- out final visibility, based on self and parent tree

    obj.IsVisualDirty = false -- true when this component and its hierarchy requires drawing
    obj.IsMeasureDirty = false
    obj.IsArrangeDirty = false
    obj.NeverMeasured = true
    obj.NeverArranged = true
    obj.MeasureInProgress = false
    obj.ArrangeInProgress = false
    obj.MeasureDuringArrange = false
    obj.LastMeasureAvailableWidth = 0
    obj.LastMeasureAvailableHeight = 0
    obj.LastArrangeFinalX = 0
    obj.LastArrangeFinalY = 0
    obj.LastArrangeFinalW = 0
    obj.LastArrangeFinalH = 0

    obj.IsVisualPositionValid = false
    obj.Children = {}         -- a table of child components
    obj.IndexInParent = -1    -- the index of this component in its parent
    obj.Parent = nil          -- our parent object
    obj.IdToChildTable = {}

    obj.EventHandlers = {}
    return obj
end

function UIComponent:SetVisibility(visible)
    self._internal_Visibility = visible
    self:UpdateVisibility()
    self:InvalidateLayoutAndVisual()
end

function UIComponent:GetVisibility(useNonInherited)
    if (useNonInherited == true) then
        return self._internal_Visibility
    else
        return self._internal_FinalVisibility
    end
end

function UIComponent:UpdateVisibility()
    if (self.Parent == nil) then
        self._internal_FinalVisibility = self._internal_Visibility
    else
        local parent_vis = self.Parent._internal_FinalVisibility
        if (parent_vis == "visible") then
            self._internal_FinalVisibility = self._internal_Visibility
        else
            self._internal_FinalVisibility = parent_vis
        end
    end

    for i, child in ipairs(self.Children) do
        child:UpdateVisibility()
    end
end

---Sets the component's margins
---@generic T: UIComponent
---@param self T
---@param left number? The left margin
---@param top number? The top margin
---@param right number? The right margin
---@param bottom number? The bottom margin
---@return T
function UIComponent:SetMargin(left, top, right, bottom)
    if (left ~= nil)   then DependencyObject.SetPropValue(self, UIComponent.MarginLProperty, left) end
    if (top ~= nil)    then DependencyObject.SetPropValue(self, UIComponent.MarginTProperty, top) end
    if (right ~= nil)  then DependencyObject.SetPropValue(self, UIComponent.MarginRProperty, right) end
    if (bottom ~= nil) then DependencyObject.SetPropValue(self, UIComponent.MarginBProperty, bottom) end
    return self
end

---Sets the alignments for this component
---@generic T: UIComponent
---@param self T
---@param horizontal HorizontalAlignment? The horizontal alignment
---@param vertical VerticalAlignment? The horizontal alignment
---@return T
function UIComponent:SetAlignment(horizontal, vertical)
    if (horizontal ~= nil) then DependencyObject.SetPropValue(self, UIComponent.HorizontalAlignmentProperty, horizontal) end
    if (vertical ~= nil) then DependencyObject.SetPropValue(self, UIComponent.VerticalAlignmentProperty, vertical) end
    return self
end

---Sets the width and height of this component
---@generic T: UIComponent
---@param self T
---@param width number? The new width
---@param height number? The new height
---@return T
function UIComponent:SetSize(width, height)
    if (width ~= nil) then DependencyObject.SetPropValue(self, UIComponent.WidthProperty, width) end
    if (height ~= nil) then DependencyObject.SetPropValue(self, UIComponent.HeightProperty, height) end
    return self
end

---Creates a new uniform panel
---@return UniformPanel
function UniformPanel.new()
    local obj = NewTypeInstance(UniformPanel, "UniformPanel")
    return obj
end

function HorizontalStackPanel.new()
    return NewTypeInstance(HorizontalStackPanel, "HorizontalStackPanel")
end

---Creates a new vertical stack panel
---@return VerticalStackPanel panel The stack panel returned
function VerticalStackPanel.new()
    return NewTypeInstance(VerticalStackPanel, "VerticalStackPanel")
end

function ProgressBar.new(min, max, val, bg_colour, val_colour)
    local progBar = NewTypeInstance(ProgressBar, "ProgressBar")
    progBar:SetPropValue(ProgressBar.MinimumProperty, min or 0)
    progBar:SetPropValue(ProgressBar.MaximumProperty, max or 1)
    progBar:SetPropValue(ProgressBar.ValueProperty, val or 0)
    DependencyObject.SetPropValue(progBar, UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, bg_colour or colours.grey)
    DependencyObject.SetPropValue(progBar, ProgressBar.ValueColourProperty, val_colour or colours.lightBlue)
    progBar:SetSize(nil, 1)
    return progBar
end

function ProgressBar:SetValue(new_value, val_colour)
    if (val_colour ~= nil) then
        self:SetPropValue(ProgressBar.ValueColourProperty, val_colour)
    end

    self:SetPropValue(ProgressBar.ValueProperty, new_value)
end

function ProgressBar:OnRender()
    local min = self:GetPropValue(ProgressBar.MinimumProperty) or 0
    local max = self:GetPropValue(ProgressBar.MaximumProperty) or 1
    local value = self:GetPropValue(ProgressBar.ValueProperty) or 0
    ui.drawProgressBarH(1, 1, self.RenderWidth, min, max, value, self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty), self:GetPropValue(ProgressBar.ValueColourProperty))
end

function DockPanel.new()
    local obj = NewTypeInstance(DockPanel, "DockPanel")
    obj.LastChildFill = true
    return obj
end

function ContentPresenter.new()
    local obj = NewTypeInstance(ContentPresenter, "ContentPresenter")
    return obj
end

function TabControl:SetActiveTabItem(tabItem)
    if (tabItem ~= nil and tabItem.IsActive == true) then
        return
    end

    local presenter = self.MyContentPresenter
    local lastItem = TabControl.ActiveTabItem
    if (lastItem ~= nil) then
        lastItem:SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, lastItem.BackgroundBeforeNotActive)
        lastItem.BackgroundBeforeNotActive = nil
        lastItem.IsActive = false
        if (lastItem.PageContent ~= nil) then
            lastItem.PageContent:SetVisibility("collapsed")
        end

        lastItem:InvalidateLayoutAndVisual()
        TabControl.ActiveTabItem = nil
    end

    if (tabItem ~= nil) then
        tabItem.BackgroundBeforeNotActive = tabItem:GetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty)
        tabItem:SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colours.lightBlue)
        tabItem.IsActive = true
        tabItem:InvalidateLayoutAndVisual()
        TabControl.ActiveTabItem = tabItem
        if (tabItem.PageContent ~= nil) then
            presenter:ClearChildren()
            presenter:InsertChild(tabItem.PageContent)
            tabItem.PageContent:SetVisibility("visible")
        end

        tabItem:RaiseEvent(Event_TabItem_OnNowActive, os.clock(), {})
    end
    self:InvalidateLayoutAndVisual()
end

function OnTabItemClicked(self, time, args)
    local tabPanel = self.Parent
    if (tabPanel == nil) then
        return
    end

    local tabControl = tabPanel.Parent
    if (tabControl == nil) then
        return
    end

    tabControl:SetActiveTabItem(self)
end

---Creates a new button
---@param readableTypeName string? Readable type name
---@param buttonText string? Button text
---@return Button
function Button.new(readableTypeName, buttonText, bg_colour)
    local obj = NewTypeInstance(Button, readableTypeName or "Button")
    obj.IsPressed = false
    obj.IsToggleButton = false
    obj:SetPropValue(Button.TextProperty, buttonText)
    obj:SetPropValue(UIComponent.IsFocusableProperty, true)
    if (bg_colour == nil) then
        bg_colour = colours.grey
    end

    obj:SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, bg_colour)
    obj:SetPropValue(Button.PressedBackgroundProperty, colours.green)
    obj.DoNotProcessButtonClickLogic = false
    UIComponent.AddEventHandler(obj, Event_MouseDown,Button.OnMouseDown)
    return obj
end

function NewTabItem(text, pageContent)
    local btn = Button.new("TabItem:" .. text, text)
    btn:SetPropValue(UIComponent.HorizontalAlignmentProperty, "stretch")
    btn:AddEventHandler(Event_Button_OnClick, OnTabItemClicked)
    btn:SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colours.blue)
    btn.PageContent = pageContent
    btn.DoNotProcessButtonClickLogic = true
    return btn
end

function Button:SetPressed(isPressed)
    if (self.IsPressed == isPressed) then
        return
    end

    self.IsPressed = isPressed
    self:InvalidateVisual()
end

function TextBlock.new(text, text_colour, bg_colour)
    local obj = NewTypeInstance(TextBlock, "TextBlock")
    obj:SetPropValue(TextBlock.TextProperty, text)
    if (text_colour ~= nil) then
        obj:SetPropValue(TextBlock.TextColourProperty, text_colour)
    end
    if (bg_colour ~= nil) then
        obj:SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, bg_colour)
    end
    return obj
end

function TextBlock:MeasureOverride(available_width, available_height)
    local text = self:GetPropValue(TextBlock.TextProperty)
    if (text ~= nil) then
        local charCount = #text
        if (charCount <= available_width) then
            return charCount,1
        else
            return available_width,math.ceil(charCount / available_width)
        end
    else
        return 0, 1
    end
end

function TextBlock:ArrangeOverride(width, height)
    local text = self:GetPropValue(TextBlock.TextProperty)
    if (text == nil) then
        self.InternalLines = nil
        return width,height
    end

    local lines = {}
    local j = 1
    local k = width
    local line = 0
    while true do
        line = line + 1
        if (line > height) then
            break
        end

        table.insert(lines, string.sub(text, j, k))
        j = k + 1
        k = k + width
    end

    self.InternalLines = lines
    return width, height
end

function TextBlock:OnRender()
    UIComponent.OnRender(self)
    if (self.InternalLines ~= nil) then
        local txt_col = self:GetPropValue(TextBlock.TextColourProperty) or colours.white
        -- local bg_col = self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty) or colours.black
        for i, str in ipairs(self.InternalLines) do
            ui.drawText(1, i, str, txt_col, nil)
        end
    end
end

---Gets the final minimum and maximum size bounds, taking into account the width and height values
---@return number number min width
---@return number number max width
---@return number number min height
---@return number number max height
function UIComponent:GetMinMax()
    local min_w,max_w = self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.MinWidthProperty),self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.MaxWidthProperty)
    local min_h,max_h = self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.MinHeightProperty),self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.MaxHeightProperty)
    local w,h = self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.WidthProperty), self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.HeightProperty)
    max_w = math.max(math.min(w or math.huge, max_w), min_w)
    min_w = math.max(math.min(max_w, w or 0), min_w)
    max_h = math.max(math.min(h or math.huge, max_h), min_h)
    min_h = math.max(math.min(max_h, h or 0), min_h)
    return min_w, max_w, min_h, max_h
end

function UIComponent:GetRenderPositon()
    PushFunction("GetRenderPositon", self.TypeName)
    if (self.IsVisualPositionValid) then
        return PopFunction(self.AbsVisualPosX or 1,self.AbsVisualPosY or 1)
    end

    if (self.IsArrangeDirty) then
        error("Arrangement is dirty; cannot get absolute position")
    end

    local chain = {}
    local next_component = self
    while (next_component ~= nil) do
        table.insert(chain, 1, next_component)
        next_component = next_component.Parent
    end

    local x,y = 0,0
    for i, component in ipairs(chain) do
        x = x + component.RenderPosX
        y = y + component.RenderPosY
    end

    self.AbsVisualPosX = x
    self.AbsVisualPosY = y
    self.IsVisualPositionValid = true
    return PopFunction(x,y)
end

function UIComponent:OnRender()
    local bg = self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty)
    if (bg ~= nil) then
        ui.fill(1, 1, self.RenderWidth, self.RenderHeight, bg)
    end
end

---Measures this component (and any child components), and updates (and also returns) the desired size of this component
---@param available_width number The constrated width
---@param available_height number The constrated height
---@return number Desired Width
---@return number Desired Height
function UIComponent:Measure(available_width, available_height)
    if (available_width == nil) then error("Cannot measure with nil width") end
    if (available_height == nil) then error("Cannot measure with nil height") end

    if (self:GetVisibility() == "collapsed") then
        self.LastMeasureAvailableWidth = available_width
        self.LastMeasureAvailableHeight = available_height
        if (ALLOW_PRINT_DEBUG) then
            PrintDebug("Skipping measure for %s as it is collapsed", self.TypeName)
        end
    else
        -- no need to measure again if it's already the same
        local isEqualToLastSize = available_width == self.LastMeasureAvailableWidth and available_height == self.LastMeasureAvailableHeight
        if (self.IsMeasureDirty or self.NeverMeasured or not isEqualToLastSize) then
            if (ALLOW_PRINT_DEBUG) then
                PrintDebug("Begin Measure '%s' (forced = %s, dirty = %s, NeverMeasured = %s, similar = %s)", self.TypeName, ForceArrangeOrMeasure, self.IsMeasureDirty, self.NeverMeasured, isEqualToLastSize)
            end
            self.NeverMeasured = false
            self.LastMeasureAvailableWidth = available_width
            self.LastMeasureAvailableHeight = available_height
            self.MeasureInProgress = true
            local w, h = self:MeasureCore(available_width, available_height)
            self.MeasureInProgress = false
            if (w == nil) then error("MeasureCore returned null width") end
            if (h == nil) then error("MeasureCore returned null height") end

            self.DesiredWidth = w
            self.DesiredHeight = h
            self.IsMeasureDirty = false
            if (ALLOW_PRINT_DEBUG) then
                PrintDebug("End Measure '%s' (%f x %f)", self.TypeName, w, h)
            end
        else
            if (ALLOW_PRINT_DEBUG) then
                PrintDebug("Skipping measure for %s", self.TypeName)
            end
        end
    end

    return self.DesiredWidth,self.DesiredHeight
end

function UIComponent:MeasureCore(available_width, available_height)
    local margin_width = self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.MarginLProperty) + self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.MarginRProperty)
    local margin_height = self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.MarginTProperty) + self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.MarginBProperty)
    local min_width, max_width, min_height, max_height = self:GetMinMax()

    local desired_width = maths.clamp(math.max(available_width - margin_width, 0), min_width, max_width)
    local desired_height = maths.clamp(math.max(available_height - margin_height, 0), min_height, max_height)
    desired_width, desired_height = self:MeasureOverride(desired_width, desired_height)
    desired_width, desired_height = math.max(desired_width, min_width), math.max(desired_height, min_height)

    local real_measured_width,real_measured_height = desired_width,desired_height

    local isClipRequired = false
    if (desired_width > max_width) then
        desired_width = max_width
        isClipRequired = true
    end

    if (desired_height > max_height) then
        desired_height = max_height
        isClipRequired = true
    end

    local final_width, final_height = desired_width + margin_width, desired_height + margin_height
    if (final_width > available_width) then
        final_width = available_width
        isClipRequired = true
    end

    if (final_height > available_height) then
        final_height = available_height
        isClipRequired = true
    end

    local unclipped_desired_size = self.UnclippedDesiredSize
    if (isClipRequired or final_width < 0 or final_height < 0) then
        if (unclipped_desired_size == nil) then
            unclipped_desired_size = {}
            self.UnclippedDesiredSize = unclipped_desired_size
        end

        unclipped_desired_size.w = real_measured_width
        unclipped_desired_size.h = real_measured_height
    elseif (unclipped_desired_size ~= nil) then
        self.UnclippedDesiredSize = nil
    end

    final_width = math.max(final_width, 0)
    final_height = math.max(final_height, 0)
    return final_width,final_height
end

---The overridable method for measuring this component. Returns 0,0 for an empty component
---@param available_width number The maximum width
---@param available_height number The maximum height
---@return number number Desired width
---@return number number Desired height
function UIComponent:MeasureOverride(available_width, available_height)
    local w, h = 0,0
    for i, child in ipairs(self.Children) do
        local cW, cH = child:Measure(available_width, available_height)
        if (cW > w) then w = cW end
        if (cH > h) then h = cH end
    end

    return w, h
end

function UIComponent:SetLastArrangeRect(final_x, final_y, final_w, final_h)
    self.LastArrangeFinalX = final_x
    self.LastArrangeFinalY = final_y
    self.LastArrangeFinalW = final_w
    self.LastArrangeFinalH = final_h
end

---Arranges the position and calculates the render size for this component and any child components
---@param posX number The rendering X offset (0 by default)
---@param posY number The rendering Y offset (0 by default)
---@param finalWidth number
---@param finalHeight number
function UIComponent:Arrange(posX, posY, finalWidth, finalHeight)
    if (self:GetVisibility() == "collapsed") then
        if (ALLOW_PRINT_DEBUG) then
            PrintDebug("Skipping arrange for %s as it is collapsed", self.TypeName)
        end
        self:SetLastArrangeRect(posX, posY, finalWidth, finalHeight)
        return
    end

    if (self.IsMeasureDirty or self.NeverMeasured) then
        if (ALLOW_PRINT_DEBUG) then
            PrintDebug("Measuring %s during arrange (Dirty = %s, NeverMeasured = %s)", self.TypeName, self.IsMeasureDirty, self.NeverMeasured)
        end
        self.MeasureDuringArrange = true
        if (self.NeverMeasured) then
            self:Measure(finalWidth, finalHeight)
        else
            self:Measure(self.LastMeasureAvailableWidth, self.LastMeasureAvailableHeight)
        end
        self.MeasureDuringArrange = false
    end

    local isSimilarToOldArrange = self.LastArrangeFinalX == posX and self.LastArrangeFinalY == posY and
                                  self.LastArrangeFinalW == finalWidth and self.LastArrangeFinalH == finalHeight
    if (ForceArrangeOrMeasure or self.IsArrangeDirty or self.NeverArranged or not isSimilarToOldArrange) then
        if (ALLOW_PRINT_DEBUG) then
            PrintDebug("Begin Arrange '%s' (forced = %s, dirty = %s, NeverArranged = %s, similar = %s)", self.TypeName, ForceArrangeOrMeasure, self.IsArrangeDirty, self.NeverArranged, isSimilarToOldArrange)
        end
        self.IsVisualPositionValid = false
        self.NeverArranged = false
        self.ArrangeInProgress = true
        self:ArrangeCore(posX, posY, finalWidth, finalHeight)
        self.ArrangeInProgress = false
        self:SetLastArrangeRect(posX, posY, finalWidth, finalHeight)
        self.IsArrangeDirty = false
        if (ALLOW_PRINT_DEBUG) then
            PrintDebug("End Arrange '%s' at %f,%f (%f x %f)", self.TypeName, self.RenderPosX, self.RenderPosY, self.RenderWidth, self.RenderHeight)
        end
    else
        if (ALLOW_PRINT_DEBUG) then
            PrintDebug("Skipping arrange for %s", self.TypeName)
        end
    end
end

function UIComponent:ArrangeCore(posX, posY, availableWidth, availableHeight)
    local mL,mT,mR,mB = self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.MarginLProperty),self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.MarginTProperty),self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.MarginRProperty),self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.MarginBProperty)
    availableWidth = math.max(availableWidth - (mL + mR), 0)
    availableHeight = math.max(availableHeight - (mT + mB), 0)
    local cpyAvailableW, cpyAvailableH = availableWidth, availableHeight

    local desiredWidth, desiredHeight
    if (self.UnclippedDesiredSize == nil) then
        desiredWidth = math.max(self.DesiredWidth - (mL + mR), 0)
        desiredHeight = math.max(self.DesiredHeight - (mT + mB), 0)
    else
        desiredWidth = self.UnclippedDesiredSize.w
        desiredHeight = self.UnclippedDesiredSize.h
    end

    -- Check if there isn't enough space available, and if so, require clipping
    self.NeedClipBounds = false
    if (desiredWidth > availableWidth) then
        availableWidth = desiredWidth
        self.NeedClipBounds = true
    end
    if (desiredHeight > availableHeight) then
        availableHeight = desiredHeight
        self.NeedClipBounds = true
    end

    -- If alignment is stretch, then arrange using all of the available size
    -- Otherwise, only use our desired size, leaving extra space for other components
    local alignHorz = DependencyObject.GetPropValue(self, UIComponent.HorizontalAlignmentProperty)
    local alignVert = DependencyObject.GetPropValue(self, UIComponent.VerticalAlignmentProperty)

    if (alignHorz ~= "stretch") then availableWidth = desiredWidth end
    if (alignVert ~= "stretch") then availableHeight = desiredHeight end

    local _, max_width, _, max_height = self:GetMinMax()

    local maxOrDesiredWidth = math.max(desiredWidth, max_width)
    if (availableWidth > maxOrDesiredWidth) then
        availableWidth = maxOrDesiredWidth
        self.NeedClipBounds = true
    end

    local maxOrDesiredHeight = math.max(desiredHeight, max_height)
    if (availableHeight > maxOrDesiredHeight) then
        availableHeight = maxOrDesiredHeight
        self.NeedClipBounds = true
    end

    local arrangeWidth, arrangeHeight = self:ArrangeOverride(availableWidth, availableHeight)
    if (arrangeWidth == nil) then error("ArrangeOverride Width cannot be null") end
    if (arrangeHeight == nil) then error("ArrangeOverride Height cannot be null") end
    self.RenderWidth = arrangeWidth
    self.RenderHeight = arrangeHeight

    -- The actual arranged width/height exceeds our max width/height, so clip
    local finalArrangeWidth,finalArrangeHeight = math.min(arrangeWidth, max_width),math.min(arrangeHeight, max_height)
    if (not self.NeedClipBounds and ((finalArrangeWidth < arrangeWidth) or (finalArrangeHeight < arrangeHeight))) then
        self.NeedClipBounds = true
    end
    if (not self.NeedClipBounds and ((cpyAvailableW < finalArrangeWidth) or (cpyAvailableH < finalArrangeHeight))) then
        self.NeedClipBounds = true
    end

    if (finalArrangeWidth > cpyAvailableW) then alignHorz = "left" end
    if (finalArrangeHeight > cpyAvailableH) then alignVert = "top" end

    local vecX, vecY = 0,0
    if (alignHorz == "center" or alignHorz == "stretch") then
        vecX = (cpyAvailableW - finalArrangeWidth) / 2
    elseif (alignHorz == "right") then
        vecX = cpyAvailableW - finalArrangeWidth
    end

    if (alignVert == "center" or alignVert == "stretch") then
        vecY = (cpyAvailableH - finalArrangeHeight) / 2
    elseif (alignVert == "bottom") then
        vecY = cpyAvailableH - finalArrangeHeight
    end

    self.RenderPosX = vecX + posX + mL
    self.RenderPosY = vecY + posY + mT
end

---The overridable method for arranging this component
---@param width number The final width of this component
---@param height number The final height of this component
---@return number The render width, typically the final width parameter
---@return number The render height, typically the final height parameter
function UIComponent:ArrangeOverride(width, height)
    for i, child in ipairs(self.Children) do
        child:Arrange(0, 0, width, height)
        if (child.IsArrangeDirty) then
            error("Child arrange was dirty after Arrange() call")
        end
    end
    return width, height
end

function UIComponent:IsMousePointOver(x, y)
    if (x < 0 or x >= self.RenderWidth) then
        return false
    end
    if (y < 0 or y >= self.RenderHeight) then
        return false
    end
    return true
end

function toolkit.RenderComponent(component)
    local absX,absY = component:GetRenderPositon()
    CompositionOffsetX = absX
    CompositionOffsetY = absY
    CompositionComponentSource = component
    component:OnRender()
    component.IsVisualDirty = false
end

function toolkit.RenderComponentTreeInternal(component)
    if (component:GetVisibility() ~= "visible") then
        return
    end

    if (component.IsArrangeDirty) then
        error("Component's arrangement is dirty; cannot render")
    end

    toolkit.RenderComponent(component)
    for i, child in ipairs(component.Children) do
        toolkit.RenderComponentTreeInternal(child)
    end
end

function toolkit.RenderComponentTree(component)
    PushFunction("DoRenderComponent", component.TypeName)
    if (ENABLE_RENDERING) then
        toolkit.RenderComponentTreeInternal(component)
        CompositionComponentSource = nil
        CompositionOffsetX = 0
        CompositionOffsetY = 0
    end

    PopFunction()
end

function toolkit.GetComponentDepth(component, depth)
    if (depth == nil) then depth = 0 end
    while component ~= nil do
        depth = depth + 1
        component = component.Parent
    end
    return depth
end

function toolkit.FindHighestComponentForRender(renderList)
    if (#renderList < 1) then
        return nil
    end

    local hIndex, hObj = toolkit.GetComponentDepth(renderList[1]), renderList[1]
    for i = 2, #renderList, 1 do
        local obj = renderList[i]
        local depth = toolkit.GetComponentDepth(obj)
        if (depth < hIndex) then
            hIndex = depth
            hObj = obj
        end
    end

    return hObj
end

function ThrowForDirtyArrangeWhenUnexpected(component)
    PushFunction("ThrowForDirtyArrangeWhenUnexpected: " .. component.TypeName)
    if (component:GetVisibility() ~= "collapsed" and component.IsArrangeDirty) then
        error("Child arrange was dirty after Arrange() call")
    end
    for i, child in ipairs(component.Children) do
        ThrowForDirtyArrangeWhenUnexpected(child)
    end
    PopFunction()
end

function toolkit.InternalCanProcessItem(component, isMeasure)
    if (isMeasure) then
        return component.IsMeasureDirty
    else
        return component.IsArrangeDirty
    end
end

function toolkit.DoLayoutUpdate()
    PushFunction("DoLayoutUpdate")
    if (ALLOW_PRINT_DEBUG) then
        PrintDebug("Doing layout update: %d measures and %d arranges", #layout_measure_queue, #layout_arrange_queue)
    end

    -- workaround for measuring/arranging scanning top-level components. If a child deep in the hierarchy
    -- is invalidated but a few parents above but before target_component are not invalid,
    -- then the child is never arranged. This is mostly a LUA performance limitation, since WPF runs on .NET
    -- which can afford to do the tree scan while invalidating each parent stage
    ForceArrangeOrMeasure = true

    if (#layout_measure_queue > 0) then
        for i, component in ipairs(layout_measure_queue) do
            local last_dirty = nil
            local scan_parent = component.Parent
            while (scan_parent ~= nil) do
                if (scan_parent.IsMeasureDirty) then
                    last_dirty = scan_parent
                end
                scan_parent = scan_parent.Parent
            end

            local target_component
            if (last_dirty ~= nil) then
                target_component = last_dirty
            else
                target_component = component
            end

            local w,h
            if (not target_component.NeverMeasured) then
                w = target_component.LastMeasureAvailableWidth
                h = target_component.LastMeasureAvailableHeight
            elseif (target_component.Parent == nil) then
                w,h = toolkit.GetCompositionRenderSize()
            else
                local p = target_component.Parent
                w = p.LastMeasureAvailableWidth
                h = p.LastMeasureAvailableHeight
            end

            local lastDw,lastDh = component.DesiredWidth,component.DesiredHeight
            component:Measure(w, h)
            if (lastDw ~= component.DesiredWidth or lastDh ~= component.DesiredHeight) then
                component:InvalidateArrange()
            end
        end

        ClearTable(layout_measure_queue)
    end

    if (#layout_arrange_queue > 0) then
        for i, component in ipairs(layout_arrange_queue) do
            local last_dirty = nil
            local scan_parent = component.Parent
            while (scan_parent ~= nil) do
                if (scan_parent.IsArrangeDirty) then
                    last_dirty = scan_parent
                end
                scan_parent = scan_parent.Parent
            end

            local c -- target component
            if (last_dirty ~= nil) then
                c = last_dirty
            else
                c = component
            end

            local x,y,w,h
            if (not c.NeverArranged) then
                x,y,w,h = c.LastArrangeFinalX, c.LastArrangeFinalY, c.LastArrangeFinalW, c.LastArrangeFinalH
            elseif (c.Parent == nil) then
                x,y,w,h = 0, 0, toolkit.GetCompositionRenderSize()
            else
                -- as long as arrangement happens in the correct order, the parent will have
                -- always been arranged at least once due to the code in AppMain()
                local p = c.Parent
                x,y,w,h = p.LastArrangeFinalX, p.LastArrangeFinalY, p.LastArrangeFinalW, p.LastArrangeFinalH
            end

            local lastX, lastY = c.LastArrangeFinalX,c.LastArrangeFinalY
            local lastW, lastH = c.LastArrangeFinalW,c.LastArrangeFinalH
            c:Arrange(x, y, w, h)

            -- use when arrangement isn't working correctly
            -- ThrowForDirtyArrangeWhenUnexpected(target_component)

            component.IsVisualPositionValid = false
            local hasPosChanged = c.LastArrangeFinalX ~= lastX or c.LastArrangeFinalY ~= lastY
            local hasSizeChanged = c.LastArrangeFinalW ~= lastW or c.LastArrangeFinalH ~= lastH
            if (hasPosChanged or hasSizeChanged) then
                UIComponent.InvalidateVisual(c)
            end
        end

        ClearTable(layout_arrange_queue)
    end

    ForceArrangeOrMeasure = false
    if (IsRootRenderDirty) then
        IsRootRenderDirty = false
        if (not IsDisplayHidden) then
            toolkit.RenderComponentTree(AppRootComponent)
        end
    end

    PopFunction()
end

function toolkit.TryScheduleLayoutUpdate()
    if (TheLayoutUpdateTask == nil or TheLayoutUpdateTask.IsCompleted) then
        TheLayoutUpdateTask = InvokeAsync(toolkit.DoLayoutUpdate, PriorityLayout)
    end
end

function UIComponent:InvalidateArrange()
    if (self.IsArrangeDirty or self.ArrangeInProgress) then
        return
    end

    if (ALLOW_PRINT_DEBUG) then
        PrintDebug("Arrange invalidated for '%s'", self.TypeName)
    end

    if (not self.NeverArranged) then
        table.insert(layout_arrange_queue, self)
    end

    self.IsArrangeDirty = true
    toolkit.TryScheduleLayoutUpdate()
end

function UIComponent:InvalidateMeasure()
    if (self.IsMeasureDirty or self.MeasureInProgress) then
        return
    end

    if (ALLOW_PRINT_DEBUG) then
        PrintDebug("Measure invalidated for '%s'", self.TypeName)
    end

    if (not self.NeverMeasured) then
        table.insert(layout_measure_queue, self)
    end

    self.IsMeasureDirty = true
    toolkit.TryScheduleLayoutUpdate()
end

function UIComponent:InvalidateVisual()
    toolkit.TryScheduleLayoutUpdate()
    if (not self.IsVisualDirty) then
        self.IsVisualDirty = true
        IsRootRenderDirty = true
        if (ALLOW_PRINT_DEBUG) then
            PrintDebug("Visual invalidated for '%s'", self.TypeName)
        end
    end
end

function UIComponent:InvalidateLayoutAndVisual()
    self:InvalidateMeasure()
    self:InvalidateArrange()
    self:InvalidateVisual()
end

-- ---@class ClassA
-- ---@field Name string
-- ---@field Type string
-- local ClassA = { Name = "joe", Type = "joemama" }
--
-- ---Adds an item
-- ---@generic T: ClassA
-- ---@param item T the
-- function ClassA:AddChild(item)
--     item.Name = "jo"
-- end

---Inserts a child component
---@generic T : UIComponent
---@param child T The child to add
---@param id string? A unique identifier for this component (relative to the component in which a child is being added to)
---@return T
function UIComponent:InsertChild(child, id)
    PushFunction("InsertChild")
    assert(child ~= nil, "Child cannot be null")
    if (child.IndexInParent ~= -1) then
        error("Child component already added to another component: " .. child.IndexInParent)
    end

    if (self == child) then
        error("Cannot add self as a child")
    end

    child.Parent = self
    table.insert(self.Children, child)
    if (id ~= nil) then
        child.IdInParent = id
        self.IdToChildTable[id] = child
    end

    UpdateCachedIndices(self.Children)
    child:UpdateVisibility()
    self:InvalidateLayoutAndVisual()
    return PopFunction(child)
end

function UIComponent:RemoveChild(child, useDeferredCacheUpdate)
    if (child.IndexInParent == -1 or child.Parent ~= self) then
        return
    end
    self:RemoveChildAt(child.IndexInParent, useDeferredCacheUpdate)
end

function UIComponent:GetChildById(id)
    return self.IdToChildTable[id]
end

function UIComponent:RemoveChildAt(index, useDeferredCacheUpdate)
    PushFunction("RemoveChildAt", index, useDeferredCacheUpdate)
    local child = self.Children[index]
    child.Parent = nil
    child.IndexInParent = -1
    table.remove(self.Children, index)
    if (child.IdInParent ~= nil) then
        self.IdToChildTable[child.IdInParent] = nil
    end
    if (useDeferredCacheUpdate ~= true) then
        UpdateCachedIndices(self.Children)
    end
    child:UpdateVisibility()
    PopFunction()
end

function UIComponent:RemoveFromParent()
    if (self.IndexInParent == -1 or self.Parent == nil) then
        return
    end

    self.Parent:RemoveChildAt(self.IndexInParent)
end

function UIComponent:ClearChildren()
    PushFunction("ClearChildren")
    for i = #self.Children, 1, -1 do
        self:RemoveChildAt(i, true)
    end
    self.IdToChildTable = {}
    UpdateCachedIndices(self.Children)
    PopFunction()
end

function UIComponent:OnGotFocus() end
function UIComponent:OnLostFocus() end

function UniformPanel:CountVisibleChildren()
    local count = 0
    for i,child in ipairs(self.Children) do
        if (child:GetVisibility() ~= "collapsed") then
            count = count + 1
        end
    end
    return count
end

function UniformPanel:GetTotalGap(numElements, spacing)
    if (numElements > 1) then
        return (numElements - 1) * spacing
    end
    return 0
end

function UniformPanel:GetSlotPerElement(width, height, count)
    local totalGap = self:GetTotalGap(count, self:GetPropValue(UniformPanel.SpacingProperty))
    if (self:GetPropValue(UniformPanel.OrientationProperty) == "vertical") then
        return width, math.ceil((height - totalGap) / count)
    else
        return math.ceil((width - totalGap) / count), height
    end
end

function UniformPanel:MeasureOverride(max_w, max_h)
    local count = self:CountVisibleChildren()
    local slotW,slotH = self:GetSlotPerElement(max_w, max_h, count)
    local finalW, finalH = 0,0
    for i, child in ipairs(self.Children) do
        child:Measure(slotW, slotH)
        if (finalW < child.DesiredWidth) then finalW = child.DesiredWidth end
        if (finalH < child.DesiredHeight) then finalH = child.DesiredHeight end
    end

    return finalW,finalH
    -- if (self.Orientation == "horizontal") then
    --     return finalW * count, finalH
    -- else
    --     return finalW, finalH * count
    -- end
end

function UniformPanel:ArrangeOverride(arrangeW, arrangeH)
    local finalX,finalY = 0,0
    local count = self:CountVisibleChildren()
    local orientation = self:GetPropValue(UniformPanel.OrientationProperty)
    local spacing = self:GetPropValue(UniformPanel.SpacingProperty)
    local finalW,finalH = self:GetSlotPerElement(arrangeW, arrangeH, count)
    for i, child in ipairs(self.Children) do
        child:Arrange(finalX, finalY, finalW, finalH)
        if (child:GetVisibility() ~= "collapsed") then
            if (orientation == "vertical") then
                finalY = finalY + finalH + spacing
            else
                finalX = finalX + finalW + spacing
            end
        end
    end

    return arrangeW, arrangeH
end

-- function UniformPanel:MeasureOverride(max_w, max_h)
--     local limitW = math.ceil(max_w / #self.Children)
--     local wid, hei = 0, 0
--     for i, child in ipairs(self.Children) do
--         local cW, cH = child:Measure(limitW, max_h)
--         if (wid < cW) then wid = cW end
--         if (hei < cH) then hei = cH end
--     end
--     return wid * #self.Children, hei
-- end
--
-- function UniformPanel:ArrangeOverride(arrangeW, arrangeH)
--     local frX, frY, frW, frH = 0, 0, math.ceil(arrangeW / #self.Children), arrangeH
--     local width = frW
--     local numEx = arrangeW - 1
--     for i, child in ipairs(self.Children) do
--         child:Arrange(frX, frY, frW, frH)
--         frX = frX + width
--         if (frX >= numEx) then
--             frY = frY + frH
--             frX = 0
--         end
--     end
--     return arrangeW,arrangeH
-- end

function HorizontalStackPanel:MeasureOverride(max_w, max_h)
    local new_max_w, new_max_h = 0, 0
    for i, child in ipairs(self.Children) do
        local desired_w, desired_h = child:Measure(max_w, max_h)
        new_max_w = new_max_w + desired_w
        if (new_max_h < desired_h) then new_max_h = desired_h end
    end

    return new_max_w, new_max_h
end

function HorizontalStackPanel:ArrangeOverride(arrangeW, arrangeH)
    local finalX = 0
    for i, child in ipairs(self.Children) do
        child:Arrange(finalX, 0, child.DesiredWidth, arrangeH)
        finalX = finalX + child.DesiredWidth
    end
    return arrangeW,arrangeH
end

function VerticalStackPanel:MeasureOverride(max_w, max_h)
    local new_max_w, new_max_h = 0, 0
    for i, child in ipairs(self.Children) do
        local desired_w, desired_h = child:Measure(max_w, max_h)
        new_max_h = new_max_h + desired_h
        if (new_max_w < desired_w) then new_max_w = desired_w end
    end

    return new_max_w, new_max_h
end

function VerticalStackPanel:ArrangeOverride(arrangeW, arrangeH)
    local finalY = 0
    for i, child in ipairs(self.Children) do
        child:Arrange(0, finalY, arrangeW, child.DesiredHeight)
        finalY = finalY + child.DesiredHeight
    end
    return arrangeW,arrangeH
end

function DockPanel:MeasureOverride(max_w, max_h)
    local actual_max_w,actual_max_h,total_w,total_h = 0,0,0,0
    for i, child in ipairs(self.Children) do
        child:Measure(math.max(0, max_w - total_w), math.max(0, max_h - total_h))
        local dock = child.DockValue or "left"
        if (dock == "left" or dock == "right") then
            actual_max_h = math.max(actual_max_h, total_h + child.DesiredHeight)
            total_w = total_w + child.DesiredWidth
        elseif (dock == "top" or dock == "bottom") then
            actual_max_w = math.max(actual_max_w, total_w + child.DesiredWidth)
            total_h = total_h + child.DesiredHeight
        end
    end
    return math.max(actual_max_w, total_w),math.max(actual_max_h, total_h)
end

function DockPanel:ArrangeOverride(arr_w, arr_h)
    local lastIndex = #self.Children
    if (self.LastChildFill) then
        lastIndex = lastIndex - 1
    end

    local x,y,total_w,total_h = 0,0,0,0

    for i, child in ipairs(self.Children) do
        local fx,fy = x,y
        local fw,fh = math.max(0, arr_w - (x + total_w)), math.max(0, arr_h - (y + total_h))
        local dock = child.DockValue or "left"
        if ((i - 1) < lastIndex) then
            if (dock == "left") then
                x = x + child.DesiredWidth
                fw = child.DesiredWidth
            elseif (dock == "top") then
                y = y + child.DesiredHeight
                fh = child.DesiredHeight
            elseif (dock == "right") then
                total_w = total_w + child.DesiredWidth
                fx = math.max(0, arr_w - total_w)
                fw = child.DesiredWidth
            elseif (dock == "bottom") then
                total_h = total_h + child.DesiredHeight
                fy = math.max(0, arr_h - total_h)
                fh = child.DesiredHeight
            end
        end

        child:Arrange(fx, fy, fw, fh)
    end
    return arr_w,arr_h
end

function Button.OnMouseDown(self, time, args)
    args.handled = true
    if (not self.DoNotProcessButtonClickLogic) then
        if (self.IsToggleButton) then
            self.IsPressed = not self.IsPressed
            self:InvalidateVisual()
        elseif (not self.IsPressed) then
            self.IsPressed = true
            self:InvalidateVisual()
            InvokeAsyncWithDelay(function ()
                self.IsPressed = false
                self:InvalidateVisual()
            end, 0.5)
        end
    end

    self:RaiseEvent(Event_Button_OnClick, time, args)
end

function Button:MeasureOverride(max_w, max_h)
    local w, h = UIComponent.MeasureOverride(self, max_w, max_h)
    local text = self:GetPropValue(Button.TextProperty)
    if (text ~= nil and #text > w) then
        w = #text
    end
    if (h < 1) then h = 1 end

    return w, h
end

function Button:OnRender()
    local bg_colour
    if (self.IsPressed) then
        bg_colour = self:GetPropValue(Button.PressedBackgroundProperty)
    else
        bg_colour = self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty)
    end
    ui.fill(1, 1, self.RenderWidth, self.RenderHeight, bg_colour)
    ui.drawTextCentered(1, 1, self.RenderWidth, self.RenderHeight, self:GetPropValue(Button.TextProperty) or "", colours.white, nil)
end

function toolkit.FocusComponent(component)
    PushFunction("FocusComponent", component)
    if (component ~= nil and not component:GetPropValue(UIComponent.IsFocusableProperty)) then
        PopFunction()
        return
    end

    if (FocusedComponent ~= nil and FocusedComponent:GetPropValue(UIComponent.IsFocusedProperty)) then
        FocusedComponent:SetPropValue(UIComponent.IsFocusedProperty, false)
        FocusedComponent:OnLostFocus()
    end

    FocusedComponent = component
    if (component ~= nil) then
        component:SetPropValue(UIComponent.IsFocusedProperty, true)
        component:OnGotFocus()
    end
    PopFunction()
end

---Sets the target peripheral object that will be used for arrangement and rendering
---@param target table The new target. May only be null while app functions are not being used
function toolkit.SetComponsitionTarget(target)
    CompositionTarget = target
    if (target == nil) then
        CompositionWidth = 0
        CompositionHeight = 0
    else
        CompositionWidth, CompositionHeight = target.getSize()
    end
end

function toolkit.GetCompositionRenderSize()
    return CompositionWidth,CompositionHeight
end

--endregion

--region Application

function UIComponent:DoMouseClick_Tunnel(time, button, x, y)
    PushFunction("DoMouseClick_Tunnel", self.TypeName, button, x, y)
    if (self:IsMousePointOver(x, y)) then
        local args = {btn = button, x = x, y = y, handled = false}
        self:RaiseEvent(Event_PreviewMouseDown, time, args)
        if (not args.handled) then
            for i = #self.Children, 1, -1 do
                local child = self.Children[i]
                local posX, posY = x - child.RenderPosX, y - child.RenderPosY
                local hit = child:DoMouseClick_Tunnel(time, button, posX, posY)
                if (hit ~= nil) then
                    return PopFunction(hit,posX,posY)
                end
            end
        end

        if (args.handled or self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.IsFocusableProperty) or self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty) ~= nil) then
            return PopFunction(self,x,y)
        end
    end

    return PopFunction(nil,nil,nil)
end

function UIComponent:DoMouseClick_Bubble(time, button, x, y)
    PushFunction("DoMouseClick_Bubble", self.TypeName, button, x, y)
    local eventArgs = {btn = button, x = x, y = y, handled = false}
    if (self:RaiseEvent(Event_MouseDown, time, eventArgs)) then
        return PopFunction(self)
    end

    if (self.Parent ~= nil) then
        x = x + self.RenderPosX
        y = y + self.RenderPosY
        return PopFunction(self.Parent:DoMouseClick_Bubble(time, button, x, y))
    end

    return PopFunction(nil)
end

function UIComponent:DoMouseScroll_Tunnel(time, direction, x, y)
    PushFunction("DoMouseScroll_Tunnel", self.TypeName, direction, x, y)
    if (self:IsMousePointOver(x, y)) then
        local args = {dir = direction, x = x, y = y, handled = false}
        self:RaiseEvent(Event_PreviewMouseWheel, time, args)
        if (not args.handled) then
            for i = #self.Children, 1, -1 do
                local child = self.Children[i]
                local posX, posY = x - child.RenderPosX, y - child.RenderPosY
                local hit = child:DoMouseScroll_Tunnel(time, direction, posX, posY)
                if (hit ~= nil) then
                    return PopFunction(hit,posX,posY)
                end
            end
        end

        if (args.handled or self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.IsFocusableProperty) or self:GetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty) ~= nil) then
            return PopFunction(self,x,y)
        end
    end

    return PopFunction(nil,nil,nil)
end

function UIComponent:DoMouseScroll_Bubble(time, direction, x, y)
    PushFunction("DoMouseScroll_Bubble", self.TypeName, direction, x, y)
    local eventArgs = {dir = direction, x = x, y = y, handled = false}
    if (self:RaiseEvent(Event_MouseWheel, time, eventArgs)) then
        return PopFunction(self)
    end

    if (self.Parent ~= nil) then
        x = x + self.RenderPosX
        y = y + self.RenderPosY
        return PopFunction(self.Parent:DoMouseScroll_Bubble(time, direction, x, y))
    end

    return PopFunction(nil)
end

function toolkit.OnWakeDisplay(time)
    LastDisplayWakeTime = time
    if (IsDisplayHidden) then
        IsDisplayHidden = false
        if (AppRootComponent ~= nil) then
            AppRootComponent:InvalidateVisual()
        end

        return true
    else
        return false
    end
end

function toolkit.OnTickDisplaySleep(time)
    if (CanDisplayAutoSleep and (not IsDisplayHidden) and (time - LastDisplayWakeTime) > 300) then -- 5 minutes
        IsDisplayHidden = true
        ui.clear()

        local w,h = toolkit.GetCompositionRenderSize()
        ui.drawTextCentered(1, 1, w, h, "Display is asleep. Click to wake", colours.grey, colours.black)
    end
end

---Invoked when the user clicks a specific point on the screen
---@param time number The OS clock time
---@param btn integer The mouse button (1=LMB,2=RMB,3=MWB)
---@param absX integer The mouse pos X
---@param absY integer The mouse pos Y
function toolkit.OnMouseClick(time, btn, absX, absY)
    if (AppRootComponent == nil) then
        return
    end

    PushFunction("OnMouseClick", btn, absX, absY)
    local hit,x,y = AppRootComponent:DoMouseClick_Tunnel(time, btn, absX, absY)
    if (hit == nil) then
        toolkit.FocusComponent(nil)
    else
        local bubbleHit = hit:DoMouseClick_Bubble(time, btn, x, y)
        if (bubbleHit ~= nil) then
            toolkit.FocusComponent(bubbleHit)
        else
            toolkit.FocusComponent(hit)
        end
    end
    PopFunction()
end

function toolkit.OnMouseDrag(time, btn, absX, absY)
    PushFunction("OnMouseDrag", btn, absX, absY)
    if (FocusedComponent ~= nil and FocusedComponent.CanHandleDrag and not FocusedComponent.IsArrangeDirty) then
        local rpX,rpY = FocusedComponent:GetRenderPositon()
        local eventArgs = {btn = btn, x = absX - rpX, y = absY - rpY, absX = absX, absY = absY, handled = false}
        FocusedComponent:RaiseEvent(Event_MouseDrag, time, eventArgs)
    end
    return PopFunction()
end

function toolkit.OnMouseScroll(time, direction, absX, absY)
    if (direction ~= 1 and direction ~= -1) then
        return
    end

    local dirStr = "up"
    if (direction == 1) then
        dirStr = "down"
    end

    PushFunction("OnMouseScroll", dirStr, absX, absY)
    local hit,x,y = AppRootComponent:DoMouseScroll_Tunnel(time, direction, absX, absY)
    if (hit == nil) then
        toolkit.FocusComponent(nil)
    else
        local bubbleHit = hit:DoMouseScroll_Bubble(time, direction, x, y)
        if (bubbleHit ~= nil) then
            toolkit.FocusComponent(bubbleHit)
        else
            toolkit.FocusComponent(hit)
        end
    end
    return PopFunction()
end

-- Sets up a timer for the next application tick
function SetupTimer(delay)
    AppTimerId = os.startTimer(delay)
end

local function OnApplicationEvent(time, eventType, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5)
    PushFunction("OnApplicationEvent", eventType, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5)
    if (eventType == "timer") then
        if (p1 == AppTimerId) then
            SetupTimer(AppTimerInterval)
            if (#delayedTaskQueue > 0) then
                local operationList = {}
                local removalList = {}
                for i, operation in ipairs(delayedTaskQueue) do
                    if (ALLOW_PRINT_DEBUG) then
                        PrintDebug(tostring(time) .. " >= " .. operation.TimeUntilExecution .. ": " .. tostring(time >= operation.TimeUntilExecution))
                    end

                    if (time >= operation.TimeUntilExecution) then
                        table.insert(operationList, operation)
                        table.insert(removalList, i)
                    end
                end

                -- Remove back to front. Always faster than front to back
                for i = #removalList, 1, -1 do
                    table.remove(delayedTaskQueue, removalList[i])
                end

                -- Invoke operations
                for i, operation in ipairs(operationList) do
                    operation.Method(unpack(operation.Args))
                end
            end

            toolkit.OnTickDisplaySleep(time)
        elseif (p1 == AppDispatcherId) then
            AppDispatcherId = 0

            -- accumulate operations to invoke
            local invocationList = {}
            for i, list in ipairs(dispatcher_queue) do
                for j = 1, #list do
                    table.insert(invocationList, list[j])
                end
                ClearTable(list)
            end

            -- execute dispatcher queue
            if (#invocationList > 0) then
                IsProcessingDispatcherQueue = true
                for i = 1, #invocationList do
                    local operation = invocationList[i]
                    operation.Method(unpack(operation.Args))
                    operation.IsCompleted = true
                end
                IsProcessingDispatcherQueue = false
            end
        end
    else
        if (eventType == "mouse_click") then
            if (toolkit.OnWakeDisplay(time)) then return end
            toolkit.OnMouseClick(time, p1, p2 - 1, p3 - 1)
        elseif (eventType == "monitor_touch") then
            if (toolkit.OnWakeDisplay(time)) then return end
            toolkit.OnMouseClick(time, 1, p2 - 1, p3 - 1)
        elseif (eventType == "mouse_drag") then
            if (toolkit.OnWakeDisplay(time)) then return end
            toolkit.OnMouseDrag(time, p1, p2 - 1, p3 - 1)
        elseif (eventType == "mouse_scroll") then
            if (toolkit.OnWakeDisplay(time)) then return end
            toolkit.OnMouseScroll(time, p1, p2 - 1, p3 - 1)
        elseif (eventType == "key") then
            -- app.OnKeyPress(time, p1)
        elseif (eventType == "char") then
            -- app.OnCharPress(time, p1)
        else
            return
        end
    end
    PopFunction()
end

function DualColourTextBlock.new(leftText, rightText, leftColour, rightColour, bg_colour)
    local obj = NewTypeInstance(DualColourTextBlock, "DualColourTextBlock")
    obj.LeftText = leftText or ""
    obj.RightText = rightText or ""
    obj.LeftColour = leftColour or colours.white
    obj.RightColour = rightColour or colours.white
    DependencyObject.SetPropValue(obj, UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, bg_colour or colours.black)
    return obj
end

function DualColourTextBlock:MeasureOverride(max_w, max_h)
    local w, h = UIComponent.MeasureOverride(self, max_w, max_h)
    local textLen = 0
    if (self.LeftText ~= nil) then textLen = textLen + #self.LeftText end
    if (self.RightText ~= nil) then textLen = textLen + #self.RightText end
    if (w < textLen) then
        w = textLen
    end
    if (h < 1) then h = 1 end
    return w, h
end

function DualColourTextBlock:OnRender()
    UIComponent.OnRender(self)
    ui.drawText(1, 1, self.LeftText, self.LeftColour, nil)
    ui.drawText(1 + #self.LeftText, 1, self.RightText, self.RightColour, nil)
end

function DualColourTextBlock:SetRightText(theText, theColour)
    if (theText == nil) then
        theText = ""
    elseif (type(theText) ~= "string") then
        theText = tostring(theText)
    end

    self.RightText = theText
    self.RightColour = theColour
    self:InvalidateMeasure()
    self:InvalidateVisual()
end

function toolkit.LoadConfig()
    local hFile = fs.open("config", "r")
    if (hFile == nil) then
        return
    end

    while true do
        local nextLine = hFile.readLine()
        if (nextLine == nil) then
            break
        end

        for key, value in string.gmatch(nextLine, "([^=]+)=([^=]+)") do
            ConfigTable[key] = value
        end
    end

    hFile.close()

    -- ReactorInfo.Automation.Minimum = tonumber(ConfigTable["Automation_Minimum"]) or 30
    -- ReactorInfo.Automation.Maximum = tonumber(ConfigTable["Automation_Maximum"]) or 70
    -- local isAutoEnabled = (ConfigTable["Automation_IsEnabled"] == "true") or false
    -- CanDisplayAutoSleep = (ConfigTable["CanDisplayAutoSleep"] == "true") or false
    -- SetAutomationState(isAutoEnabled)
end

function toolkit.SaveConfig()
    local hFile = fs.open("config", "w")
    if (hFile == nil) then
        return
    end

    -- ConfigTable["Automation_Minimum"] = tostring(ReactorInfo.Automation.Minimum)
    -- ConfigTable["Automation_Maximum"] = tostring(ReactorInfo.Automation.Maximum)
    -- ConfigTable["Automation_IsEnabled"] = tostring(ReactorInfo.Automation.IsEnabled)
    -- ConfigTable["CanDisplayAutoSleep"] = tostring(CanDisplayAutoSleep)

    for key, value in pairs(ConfigTable) do
        hFile.writeLine(key .. "=" .. value)
    end

    hFile.close()
end

function IndexToColour(theIndex)
    if (theIndex == 0) then return colors.white
    elseif (theIndex == 1) then return colors.orange
    elseif (theIndex == 2) then return colors.magenta
    elseif (theIndex == 3) then return colors.lightBlue
    elseif (theIndex == 4) then return colors.yellow
    elseif (theIndex == 5) then return colors.lime
    elseif (theIndex == 6) then return colors.pink
    elseif (theIndex == 7) then return colors.gray
    elseif (theIndex == 8) then return colors.lightGray
    elseif (theIndex == 9) then return colors.cyan
    elseif (theIndex == 10) then return colors.purple
    elseif (theIndex == 11) then return colors.blue
    elseif (theIndex == 12) then return colors.brown
    elseif (theIndex == 13) then return colors.green
    elseif (theIndex == 14) then return colors.red
    elseif (theIndex == 15) then return colors.black
    else return nil end
end

function ColourToIndex(theColour)
    if (theColour == colors.white) then return 0
    elseif (theColour == colors.orange) then return 1
    elseif (theColour == colors.magenta) then return 2
    elseif (theColour == colors.lightBlue) then return 3
    elseif (theColour == colors.yellow) then return 4
    elseif (theColour == colors.lime) then return 5
    elseif (theColour == colors.pink) then return 6
    elseif (theColour == colors.gray) then return 7
    elseif (theColour == colors.lightGray) then return 8
    elseif (theColour == colors.cyan) then return 9
    elseif (theColour == colors.purple) then return 10
    elseif (theColour == colors.blue) then return 11
    elseif (theColour == colors.brown) then return 12
    elseif (theColour == colors.green) then return 13
    elseif (theColour == colors.red) then return 14
    elseif (theColour == colors.black) then return 15
    else return nil end
end

function IndexToColourString(theIndex)
    if (theIndex == 0) then return "white"
    elseif (theIndex == 1) then return "orange"
    elseif (theIndex == 2) then return "magenta"
    elseif (theIndex == 3) then return "light blue"
    elseif (theIndex == 4) then return "yellow"
    elseif (theIndex == 5) then return "lime"
    elseif (theIndex == 6) then return "pink"
    elseif (theIndex == 7) then return "gray"
    elseif (theIndex == 8) then return "light gray"
    elseif (theIndex == 9) then return "cyan"
    elseif (theIndex == 10) then return "purple"
    elseif (theIndex == 11) then return "blue"
    elseif (theIndex == 12) then return "brown"
    elseif (theIndex == 13) then return "green"
    elseif (theIndex == 14) then return "red"
    elseif (theIndex == 15) then return "black"
    else return nil end
end

function SetComponentColourIndex(component, colourIndex)
    local theColour = IndexToColour(colourIndex)
    component:SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, theColour)
    component.ColourIndex = colourIndex
    component:InvalidateLayoutAndVisual()

    if (component.RelatedTextBlock1 ~= nil) then
        local tb = component.RelatedTextBlock1
        local colourName = IndexToColourString(colourIndex)
        UIComponent.SetPropValue(tb, TextBlock.TextProperty, colourName)
        UIComponent.InvalidateLayoutAndVisual(tb)
    end

    if (component.RelatedTextBlock2 ~= nil) then
        local tb = component.RelatedTextBlock2
        local str = tostring(colourIndex + 1) .. "/16"
        UIComponent.SetPropValue(tb, TextBlock.TextProperty, str)
        UIComponent.InvalidateLayoutAndVisual(tb)
    end
end

-- The colour channels. Background will be the E chest colours
local Ch1, Ch2, Ch3

local Ch1Txt, Ch2Txt, Ch3Txt
local Ch1Txt2, Ch2Txt2, Ch3Txt2

function OnChannelScrolled(component, time, args)
    local newColourIndex = component.ColourIndex + args.dir
    if (newColourIndex == -1) then
        newColourIndex = 15
    elseif (newColourIndex == 16) then
        newColourIndex = 0
    end

    SetComponentColourIndex(component, newColourIndex)
end

function CreateChannelScroller(theIndex)
    local component = UIComponent.new()
    component:SetAlignment("stretch", "stretch")
    component.MyChannelIndex = theIndex
    UIComponent.AddEventHandler(component, Event_MouseWheel, OnChannelScrolled)
    return component
end

function CreateMainContent(parent)
    PushFunction("CreateMainContent", parent.TypeName)

    local myDock = NewTypeInstance(DockPanel, "DockPanel")
    myDock:SetPropValue(UIComponent.HorizontalAlignmentProperty, "stretch")
    myDock:SetPropValue(UIComponent.VerticalAlignmentProperty, "stretch")



    local vertColourPalette = VerticalStackPanel.new()
    vertColourPalette.DockValue = "right"
    vertColourPalette:SetAlignment("right", "top"):SetMargin(nil, 1, 1, nil)
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, TextBlock.new("Available", colours.white, colours.black))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, UIComponent.new():SetSize(9, 1):SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colors.white))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, UIComponent.new():SetSize(9, 1):SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colors.orange))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, UIComponent.new():SetSize(9, 1):SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colors.magenta))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, UIComponent.new():SetSize(9, 1):SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colors.lightBlue))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, UIComponent.new():SetSize(9, 1):SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colors.yellow))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, UIComponent.new():SetSize(9, 1):SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colors.lime))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, UIComponent.new():SetSize(9, 1):SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colors.pink))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, UIComponent.new():SetSize(9, 1):SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colors.gray))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, UIComponent.new():SetSize(9, 1):SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colors.lightGray))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, UIComponent.new():SetSize(9, 1):SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colors.cyan))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, UIComponent.new():SetSize(9, 1):SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colors.purple))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, UIComponent.new():SetSize(9, 1):SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colors.blue))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, UIComponent.new():SetSize(9, 1):SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colors.brown))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, UIComponent.new():SetSize(9, 1):SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colors.green))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, UIComponent.new():SetSize(9, 1):SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colors.red))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertColourPalette, UIComponent.new():SetSize(9, 1):SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colors.black))
    UIComponent.InsertChild(myDock, vertColourPalette)




    local vertStack = VerticalStackPanel.new():SetAlignment("stretch", "stretch")
    vertStack.DockValue = "top"
    vertStack:SetMargin(1, 1)
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertStack, TextBlock.new("Use Mouse Wheel to adjust colours", colours.white, colours.black))

    -- Horizontal Line of Channels
    local channelList = UniformPanel.new()
    channelList:SetPropValue(UniformPanel.SpacingProperty, "1")
    channelList:SetSize(38, 3)
    Ch1 = CreateChannelScroller(0)
    Ch2 = CreateChannelScroller(1)
    Ch3 = CreateChannelScroller(2)
    UIComponent.InsertChild(channelList, Ch1)
    UIComponent.InsertChild(channelList, Ch2)
    UIComponent.InsertChild(channelList, Ch3)
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertStack, channelList)

    -- Horizontal Line of Channel colour readable names and info
    local channelInfoList = UniformPanel.new()
    channelInfoList:SetPropValue(UniformPanel.SpacingProperty, "1")
    channelInfoList:SetSize(38, 1)
    Ch1Txt = TextBlock.new("", colours.white, colours.black):SetAlignment("center", "center")
    Ch2Txt = TextBlock.new("", colours.white, colours.black):SetAlignment("center", "center")
    Ch3Txt = TextBlock.new("", colours.white, colours.black):SetAlignment("center", "center")
    UIComponent.InsertChild(channelInfoList, Ch1Txt)
    UIComponent.InsertChild(channelInfoList, Ch2Txt)
    UIComponent.InsertChild(channelInfoList, Ch3Txt)
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertStack, channelInfoList)
    Ch1.RelatedTextBlock1 = Ch1Txt
    Ch2.RelatedTextBlock1 = Ch2Txt
    Ch3.RelatedTextBlock1 = Ch3Txt

    -- Horizontal Line of channel/limit things
    local channelInfoList2 = UniformPanel.new()
    channelInfoList2:SetPropValue(UniformPanel.SpacingProperty, "1")
    channelInfoList2:SetSize(38, 1)
    Ch1Txt2 = TextBlock.new("", colours.white, colours.black):SetAlignment("center", "center")
    Ch2Txt2 = TextBlock.new("", colours.white, colours.black):SetAlignment("center", "center")
    Ch3Txt2 = TextBlock.new("", colours.white, colours.black):SetAlignment("center", "center")
    UIComponent.InsertChild(channelInfoList2, Ch1Txt2)
    UIComponent.InsertChild(channelInfoList2, Ch2Txt2)
    UIComponent.InsertChild(channelInfoList2, Ch3Txt2)
    UIComponent.InsertChild(vertStack, channelInfoList2)

    Ch1.RelatedTextBlock2 = Ch1Txt2
    Ch2.RelatedTextBlock2 = Ch2Txt2
    Ch3.RelatedTextBlock2 = Ch3Txt2

    SetComponentColourIndex(Ch1, 0)
    SetComponentColourIndex(Ch2, 0)
    SetComponentColourIndex(Ch3, 0)

    UIComponent.InsertChild(myDock, vertStack)


    local btnList = HorizontalStackPanel.new()
    btnList.DockValue = "bottom"
    btnList:SetMargin(1, 1, 1, 1)

    local applyButton = Button.new("ApplyButton", "Apply Chest(s)")
    applyButton:SetSize(18, 3)
    applyButton:AddEventHandler(Event_Button_OnClick, function (self, time, args)
        for i, sideOrName in ipairs(peripheral.getNames()) do
            local peripType = peripheral.getType(sideOrName)
            if (peripType == "ender_chest" or peripType == "ender_tank") then
                local chest = peripheral.wrap(sideOrName)

                local ch1 = Ch1:GetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty) or colours.white
                local ch2 = Ch2:GetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty) or colours.white
                local ch3 = Ch3:GetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty) or colours.white
                chest.setColours(ch1, ch2, ch3)
            end
        end
    end)

    local readButton = Button.new("ReadButton", "Read Chest(s)", colours.lightGray)
    readButton:SetSize(17, 3):SetMargin(1)
    readButton:AddEventHandler(Event_Button_OnClick, function (self, time, args)
        for i, sideOrName in ipairs(peripheral.getNames()) do
            if (peripheral.getType(sideOrName) == "ender_chest") then
                local chest = peripheral.wrap(sideOrName)
                local ch1,ch2,ch3 = chest.getColours()
                SetComponentColourIndex(Ch1, ColourToIndex(ch1))
                SetComponentColourIndex(Ch2, ColourToIndex(ch2))
                SetComponentColourIndex(Ch3, ColourToIndex(ch3))
                return
            end
        end
    end)

    UIComponent.InsertChild(btnList, applyButton)
    UIComponent.InsertChild(btnList, readButton)
    UIComponent.InsertChild(myDock, btnList)

    UIComponent.InsertChild(parent, myDock)

    PopFunction()
end

function FindPeripheralByType(theType)
    local names = peripheral.getNames()
    for i, name in ipairs(names) do
       if (peripheral.getType(name) == theType) then
          return peripheral.wrap(name)
       end
    end
    return nil
end

local AutoSleepButton

function LoadReactorAndDoShit()
    toolkit.LoadConfig()
    AutoSleepButton.IsPressed = CanDisplayAutoSleep
    AutoSleepButton:InvalidateVisual()
    -- PushFunctionAndInvoke("DoReactorTick::LoadReactorAndDoShit", DoReactorTick, true)
end

function OnAppStartup()
    if (AppRootComponent == nil) then
        error("No root component")
    end

    CreateMainContent(AppRootComponent)

    AutoSleepButton = AppRootComponent:InsertChild(Button.new("AutoSleepButton", "Z"):SetAlignment("right", "bottom"))
    AutoSleepButton.IsToggleButton = true
    AutoSleepButton:AddEventHandler(Event_Button_OnClick, function (self, time, e)
        CanDisplayAutoSleep = self.IsPressed
        toolkit.SaveConfig()
    end)

    AppRootComponent:InvalidateLayoutAndVisual()
    InvokeAsync(LoadReactorAndDoShit, PriorityBackground)
end

local function SetupRootComponent()
    AppRootComponent:SetAlignment("stretch", "stretch")
    AppRootComponent.TypeName = "RootPanel"
    AppRootComponent:SetPropValue(UIComponent.BackgroundProperty, colours.black)

    local w,h = toolkit.GetCompositionRenderSize()
    AppRootComponent:SetSize(w, h)

    AppRootComponent:UpdateVisibility()
    AppRootComponent:Arrange(0, 0, w, h)
    AppRootComponent:InvalidateLayoutAndVisual()
    toolkit.DoLayoutUpdate()
end

local function AppMain()
    PushFunction("AppMain")
    LastDisplayWakeTime = os.clock()

    toolkit.SetComponsitionTarget(FindPeripheralByType("monitor") or term) -- term size = 51 x 19
    ui.clear()

    AppRootComponent = UIComponent.new()
    SetupRootComponent();

    InvokeAsync(OnAppStartup, PriorityBackground)

    SetupTimer(AppTimerInterval)
    while IsAppRunning do
        local event, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5 = os.pullEventRaw()
        if (event == "terminate") then
            break
        end

        OnApplicationEvent(os.clock(), event, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5)
    end
    PopFunction()
end

--endregion

local function Main()
    DebugFileHandle = fs.open("debug.log", "w")
    local is_main_success, errMsg = pcall(AppMain)
    toolkit.SetComponsitionTarget(term)
    ui.setBackgroundColour(colours.black)
    ui.setTextColour(colours.white)
    if (not is_main_success) then
        PrintStackTrace()
        print("The app has crashed! " .. errMsg)
        PrintDebug(tostring(errMsg))
    end

    DebugFileHandle.close()
    if (is_main_success) then
        print("Application has exited without error")
    end
end

Main()