2018-10-10 TOEFL: reading inference, listening signals

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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Homework: Cengage handout exercise 3.2 - All 42 questions.
Check your homework with a partner. If you didn’t do your homework, do as much as you can now.
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1 D (not B: The last sentence in paragraph 1 says the pigeons didn’t know what the expressions meant.)
2 A
3 D
4 B
5 C
6 B (The law predicted where another planet would be, so it’s about the positions of planets.)
7 C
8 A
9 A
10 B (The ones with a common origin are given a special name, so not all families have a common origin.)
11 B
12 A
13 D
14 A
15 C
16 B (It used to be very regular, now it’s more unpredictable.)
17 A
18 A
19 D
20 C
21 B (They confirmed exactly what geologists had theorized before.)
22 A (It looks like a volcano, so it has the same shape.)
23 D
24 A (They are still called “fields”, which means they’ve been called fields for a long time. The other sentences are true of “many” or “some” early airports, but we have no reason to conclude that they’re true of these two named airports.)
25 C
26 C
27 A
28 B (Not A - Larger airports would be more inconvenient for passengers.)
29 C
30 A
31 D
32 B
33 C
34 D
35 C
36 D (The seeds are unusual because they lack food reserves, implying that most seeds have these.)
37 B
38 B
39 A
40 C
41 D
42 C
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Listening section: 2 or 3 sets
	Each set has: 3 listenings with about 17 questions, you have 10 minutes to answer the questions
	The first listening in each set is a conversation, the other two are a lecture and a discussion.
Listening Question Types:
- purpose
- inference
- detail
- prediction
- main idea (content or purpose)
- function
- attitude
- organization (How is the lecture organized?)
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BREAK
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Handout (Oxford) p. 25 - What are signal words? (What do they do?)
exercise 1L1 - Underline the general signal phrases in each statement (that tell you what to expect).
Then put them in the correct category of the chart.
a) Why? Number one… - Introducing Main Points
b) so today...four major types of parenting styles - Introducing Lecture Organization (and the topic)
c) For instance… - Introducing Support
d) let’s move on...What happens then? - Introducing Main Points
e) our next topic on the agenda - Introducing the Topic
f) The major difference between - Introducing Main Points
g) This afternoon, we’re going to - Introducing the Topic
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Recognizing this can help you organize your notes more appropriately. It also gives you clues about other signal words to listen for. (If you know there will be four types of parenting discussed, pay attention to transitions from one type to another.)
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p. 26 1L2 - What content do you expect after each of these signal words. Can you predict some specific words and ideas?
b) Explanation of the process. Description of how they work.
c) Examples of the kinds of messages.
d) Research about pheromones in humans (and a yes/no answer to the question).
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On another piece of paper, take notes on the lecture. Then compare your notes with your partner. Did you get the same information? Did you organize your notes similarly?
Compare to the notes in your book on p. 26-27.
- If you wrote something other than VNO, the important thing is to recognize that acronym if there’s a question about it on the test.
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exercise 1L4 - Answer the test questions about this lecture. Check with your partner.
1 d
2 d
3 b
4 a d
5 d
6 d (The lecture doesn’t mention why males choose specific mates, so a, b, and c are wrong.)
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p. 28 1L5 - Listen and read the first exchange of the conversation. What do you expect the rest of the conversation to be about?
Listen and take notes.
What might be some alternatives to the exam that they discuss? Were your predictions correct?
p. 29 - Answer the questions about the conversation.
1 c
2 c
3 no no yes no yes yes
4 b
5 a b d
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p. 30 1L7 - What content do you predict after each statement?
2 A student’s answer of one reason the emperor penguin’s parenting is interesting.
3 Examples of how male penguins nurture their offspring.
4 What the male penguins do to deal with the cold while caring for eggs.
5 Information about what the female does when she returns.
6 The lesson the professor thinks we can learn from the penguins.
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Homework: Answer the “Test Question” sections on p. 31, 33, 35-36, 37, 39-40
exercises 1L8, 1L10, 1L13, 1L14, 1L15
(I've emailed a link to the audio files to you.)