2019-02-14 Grammar: demonstratives for reference

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - Notes from all classes
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Homework: new handout p. 335-6, exercise 1
2 a them
  b these (holding up just the red one and the green one)
  c the/this
  d the/this (“this” means the speaker holds that folder up to emphasize it)
  e the/these
  f this/that
  g that/this
3 a It
  b a/the (instead of a desktop) / this (instead of another kind of laptop)
  c It
4 a He (Peter) / It (the report)
  b the
  c The / Those
  d they
  e the
  f This/The/That
  g the/those
5 a the / this (if I’m holding it) / that (if I’m pointing to it)
  b It / This (if now I’m holding it)
  c It
  d it
  e it / this (if I’m pointing to the silver part in my hand) / that (if I’m pointing to it)
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Demonstratives can refer to other information in text or a conversation.
Usually they refer “backward” (to something that was mentioned before).
Sometimes they refer “forward” (to something that is explained later).
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p. 337 exercise 2 - Circle the demonstratives, and underline what they refer to. Connect them with an arrow.
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Homework (optional): p. 339 exercise 3 - Complete the sentences with “this”, “that”, or “it”