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- #!/usr/bin/python
- # original script by brainflakes, improved by pageauc, peewee2 and Kesthal
- # www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/viewtopic.php?f=43&t=45235
- # You need to install PIL to run this script
- # type "sudo apt-get install python-imaging-tk" in an terminal window to do this
- import StringIO
- import subprocess
- import os
- import time
- from datetime import datetime
- from PIL import Image
- # Motion detection settings:
- # Threshold - how much a pixel has to change by to be marked as "changed"
- # Sensitivity - how many changed pixels before capturing an image, needs to be higher if noisy view
- # ForceCapture - whether to force an image to be captured every forceCaptureTime seconds, values True or False
- # filepath - location of folder to save photos
- # filenamePrefix - string that prefixes the file name for easier identification of files.
- # diskSpaceToReserve - Delete oldest images to avoid filling disk. How much byte to keep free on disk.
- # cameraSettings - "" = no extra settings; "-hf" = Set horizontal flip of image; "-vf" = Set vertical flip; "-hf -vf" = both horizontal and vertical flip
- threshold = 10
- sensitivity = 20
- forceCapture = True
- forceCaptureTime = 60 * 60 # Once an hour
- filepath = "/home/pi/picam"
- filenamePrefix = "capture"
- diskSpaceToReserve = 40 * 1024 * 1024 # Keep 40 mb free on disk
- cameraSettings = ""
- # settings of the photos to save
- saveWidth = 1296
- saveHeight = 972
- saveQuality = 15 # Set jpeg quality (0 to 100)
- # Test-Image settings
- testWidth = 100
- testHeight = 75
- # this is the default setting, if the whole image should be scanned for changed pixel
- testAreaCount = 1
- testBorders = [ [[1,testWidth],[1,testHeight]] ] # [ [[start pixel on left side,end pixel on right side],[start pixel on top side,stop pixel on bottom side]] ]
- # testBorders are NOT zero-based, the first pixel is 1 and the last pixel is testWith or testHeight
- # with "testBorders", you can define areas, where the script should scan for changed pixel
- # for example, if your picture looks like this:
- #
- # ....XXXX
- # ........
- # ........
- #
- # "." is a street or a house, "X" are trees which move arround like crazy when the wind is blowing
- # because of the wind in the trees, there will be taken photos all the time. to prevent this, your setting might look like this:
- # testAreaCount = 2
- # testBorders = [ [[1,50],[1,75]], [[51,100],[26,75]] ] # area y=1 to 25 not scanned in x=51 to 100
- # even more complex example
- # testAreaCount = 4
- # testBorders = [ [[1,39],[1,75]], [[40,67],[43,75]], [[68,85],[48,75]], [[86,100],[41,75]] ]
- # in debug mode, a file debug.bmp is written to disk with marked changed pixel an with marked border of scan-area
- # debug mode should only be turned on while testing the parameters above
- debugMode = False # False or True
- # Capture a small test image (for motion detection)
- def captureTestImage(settings, width, height):
- command = "raspistill %s -w %s -h %s -t 200 -e bmp -n -o -" % (settings, width, height)
- imageData = StringIO.StringIO()
- imageData.write(subprocess.check_output(command, shell=True))
- imageData.seek(0)
- im = Image.open(imageData)
- buffer = im.load()
- imageData.close()
- return im, buffer
- # Save a full size image to disk
- def saveImage(settings, width, height, quality, diskSpaceToReserve):
- keepDiskSpaceFree(diskSpaceToReserve)
- time = datetime.now()
- filename = filepath + "/" + filenamePrefix + "-%04d%02d%02d-%02d%02d%02d.jpg" % (time.year, time.month, time.day, time.hour, time.minute, time.second)
- subprocess.call("raspistill %s -w %s -h %s -t 200 -e jpg -q %s -n -o %s" % (settings, width, height, quality, filename), shell=True)
- print "Captured %s" % filename
- # Keep free space above given level
- def keepDiskSpaceFree(bytesToReserve):
- if (getFreeSpace() < bytesToReserve):
- for filename in sorted(os.listdir(filepath + "/")):
- if filename.startswith(filenamePrefix) and filename.endswith(".jpg"):
- os.remove(filepath + "/" + filename)
- print "Deleted %s/%s to avoid filling disk" % (filepath,filename)
- if (getFreeSpace() > bytesToReserve):
- return
- # Get available disk space
- def getFreeSpace():
- st = os.statvfs(filepath + "/")
- du = st.f_bavail * st.f_frsize
- return du
- # Get first image
- image1, buffer1 = captureTestImage(cameraSettings, testWidth, testHeight)
- # Reset last capture time
- lastCapture = time.time()
- while (True):
- # Get comparison image
- image2, buffer2 = captureTestImage(cameraSettings, testWidth, testHeight)
- # Count changed pixels
- changedPixels = 0
- takePicture = False
- if (debugMode): # in debug mode, save a bitmap-file with marked changed pixels and with visible testarea-borders
- debugimage = Image.new("RGB",(testWidth, testHeight))
- debugim = debugimage.load()
- for z in xrange(0, testAreaCount): # = xrange(0,1) with default-values = z will only have the value of 0 = only one scan-area = whole picture
- for x in xrange(testBorders[z][0][0]-1, testBorders[z][0][1]): # = xrange(0,100) with default-values
- for y in xrange(testBorders[z][1][0]-1, testBorders[z][1][1]): # = xrange(0,75) with default-values; testBorders are NOT zero-based, buffer1[x,y] are zero-based (0,0 is top left of image, testWidth-1,testHeight-1 is botton right)
- if (debugMode):
- debugim[x,y] = buffer2[x,y]
- if ((x == testBorders[z][0][0]-1) or (x == testBorders[z][0][1]-1) or (y == testBorders[z][1][0]-1) or (y == testBorders[z][1][1]-1)):
- # print "Border %s %s" % (x,y)
- debugim[x,y] = (0, 0, 255) # in debug mode, mark all border pixel to blue
- # Just check green channel as it's the highest quality channel
- pixdiff = abs(buffer1[x,y][1] - buffer2[x,y][1])
- if pixdiff > threshold:
- changedPixels += 1
- if (debugMode):
- debugim[x,y] = (0, 255, 0) # in debug mode, mark all changed pixel to green
- # Save an image if pixels changed
- if (changedPixels > sensitivity):
- takePicture = True # will shoot the photo later
- if ((debugMode == False) and (changedPixels > sensitivity)):
- break # break the y loop
- if ((debugMode == False) and (changedPixels > sensitivity)):
- break # break the x loop
- if ((debugMode == False) and (changedPixels > sensitivity)):
- break # break the z loop
- if (debugMode):
- debugimage.save(filepath + "/debug.bmp") # save debug image as bmp
- print "debug.bmp saved, %s changed pixel" % changedPixels
- # else:
- # print "%s changed pixel" % changedPixels
- # Check force capture
- if forceCapture:
- if time.time() - lastCapture > forceCaptureTime:
- takePicture = True
- if takePicture:
- lastCapture = time.time()
- saveImage(cameraSettings, saveWidth, saveHeight, saveQuality, diskSpaceToReserve)
- # Swap comparison buffers
- image1 = image2
- buffer1 = buffer2
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