Chris Pine, Learn to Program Chapter 5 - Methods

# 5 + 5 is really just a shortcut way of writing 5.+ 5
puts 'hello '. + 'world'
puts (10.* 9).+ 9

# if I say  puts 'to be or not to be', what I am really saying is  self.puts 'to be or not to be'. So what is self? It's a special variable which points to whatever object you are in. (ex. "Die!" -> implicit noun is whoever you are saying it to. My computer tells me when don't need the 'self'

# iCantBelieveIMadeAVariableNameThisLongJustToPointToA3 = 3
# puts iCantBelieveIMadeAVariableNameThisLongJustToPointToA3
# self.puts iCantBelieveIMadeAVariableNameThisLongJustToPointToA3

# fancy string methods (reference method documents for ruby, just like a dictionary is for words)
# reverse
var1 = 'stop'
var2 = 'stressed'
var3 = 'Can you pronounce this sentence backwards?'

puts var1.reverse
puts var2.reverse
puts var3.reverse
puts var1
puts var2
puts var3

#length
puts 'What is your full name?'
name = gets.chomp
puts 'Did you know there are ' + name.length.to_s + ' characters in your name, ' + name + '?'

# write a program which asks for your first, middle, and last names individually, and then adds those lengths together
puts 'What is your first name?'
firstName = gets.chomp
puts 'What is your middle name?'
middleName = gets.chomp
puts 'What is your last name?'
lastName = gets.chomp
fullName = firstName.length.to_i + middleName.length.to_i + lastName.length.to_i
puts 'Did you know there are ' + fullName.to_s + ' characters in your name?'

# change the case (upper/lowercase) of a string
letters = 'aAbBcCdDeE'
puts letters.upcase
puts letters.downcase
puts letters.swapcase
puts letters.capitalize
puts ' a'.capitalize # only capitalizes the first character, not the first letter
puts letters

#visual formatting
# .center the lines of a poem
lineWidth = 50
puts('Old Mother Hubbard'.center(lineWidth))
puts('Sat in her cupboard'.center(lineWidth))
puts('Eating her curs an whey,'.center(lineWidth))
puts('When along came a spider'.center(lineWidth))
puts('Which sat down beside her'.center(lineWidth))
puts('And scared her poor shoe dog away.'.center(lineWidth))

# left justify and right justify -> pad on either side
# center, ljust, & rjust
lineWidth = 40
str = '--> text <--'
puts str.ljust lineWidth
puts str.center lineWidth
puts str.rjust lineWidth
puts str.rjust (lineWidth/2)

# Write an Angry Boss program. It should rudely ask what you want. Whatever you answer, the Angry Boss should yell it back to you, and then fire you. For example, if you type in [I want a raise.],
# it should yell back "WHADDAYA MEAN "I WANT A RAISE."?!?  YOU'RE FIRED!!"
puts 'Uh oh! The boss is angry today.'
puts 'Tread carefully. . .'
puts 'Let\'s see if you can land a raise.'
puts 'Ask by typing: I want a raise.'
puts 'Angry Boss says: "What do you want!?"'
raise = gets.chomp
puts 'WHADDYA MEAN "I WANT ' + raise.upcase + '" ?!? YOU\'RE FIRED!"'

# Write a program which will display a Table of Contents so that it looks like this:
#                 Table of Contents
#
# Chapter 1:  Numbers                        page 1
# Chapter 2:  Letters                       page 72
# Chapter 3:  Variables                    page 118
page_width = 60
puts ('Table of Contents'.center(page_width))
puts ''
puts ('Chapter 1: Getting Started'.ljust(page_width/2) + 'page 1'.rjust(page_width/2))
puts ('Chapter 2: Numbers'.ljust(page_width/2) + 'page 9'.rjust(page_width/2))
puts ('Chapter 3: Letters'.ljust(page_width/2) + 'page 13'.rjust(page_width/2))