2015-05-05 Evening: nouns and college sports

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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Homework: (handout) p. 76 (reading) and p. 77 (exercises)
exercise 16
1 Life’s troubles (they are specific troubles, so the “of” phrase would require “the” first)
  (also p. 76 example 8 - we’re treating “life” like a person in this sentence, even though it’s abstract)
2 worries of each day (again: “the” is necessary because it’s specific, and we don’t say “the each”)
3 morning’s special news
4 world’s problems
5 woman’s love
6 Mother’s Day
exercise 17
1 consumer groups
2 credit cards
3 college student
4 credit card offers
5 application forms
6 give-aways
7 T-shirts
8 bottom line = the total profit or loss from some financial deal (the total is written on the last line of a document)
9 high-risk borrowers
10 credit rating
11 interest rates
12 sense of responsibility
13 money matters = issues related to money
14 buy-now-pay-later world = a world where people expect to pay later for things they buy now
“one of the” + [superlative] + [plural noun]
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part B
parents’ willingness to help
their children’s credit card debt

I would write “James’s book” or “Dickens’s novel”, but some people prefer “James’ book” or “Dickens’ novel”.
(This is the note under example 3 on p. 76.)
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Compound nouns:
- stress and pitch start out high and get lower with each word: FINGERnail, BOOKstore, ENGLISH class
- Usually the first noun (or nouns) remains singular: one fingernail, ten fingernails, three bookstores

Remember, adjectives are also not plural in English, so the same rule applies to compound nouns (and compound adjectives):
- a 3-year-old child, a 500-page book, a two-year project, etc.
 (even though “the child is three years old” and “the book has 500 pages” and “the project took two years”)

we say “pant leg”, but we also say “pants pocket”, which breaks the “never plural” rule
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In English noun phrases, the head noun is last (before any prepositions)
(The head noun tells us what it is: a 500-page book is a book, a bookstore is a store)
blue sky = the sky (when its color is blue)
sky blue = the blue that looks like the sky
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Remember the “word” OSASCOM:
opinion
size
age (and temperature)
shape (and texture)
color
origin (and level and social class)
material

(Some of these can switch. Size and age are often matters of opinion, texture and color can be flipped with hair.)

(Also, if something is more fundamental to the identity of something, it goes last: North American black bear, because “black bear” is a specific type of bear.)
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p. 85 - college sports discussion
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Homework: p. 86-88 - reading and vocabulary questions