answer files: text files that provide responses to the prompts that would normally appear during the Windows installation.
boot image: the WDS image file that boots the computer and starts the operating system installation.
Deployment Image Servicing and Management (Dism.exe): a command-line tool that can be used to service a Windows image or to prepare a Windows PE image.
Deployment Server: provides the full functionality of the WDS role, including the image repository, a PXE server, and a TFTP server.
discover image: an image file that you can burn to a CD-ROM or other boot medium.
driver group: A collection of driver packages.
dynamic driver provisioning: allows you to add driver packages to WDS and then deploy them when you deploy an image.
features: a set of Windows programs that can be enabled or disabled by an administrator and are included with Windows.
image file: a snapshot of a computer’s hard drive taken at a particular moment in time.
image group: a folder within the image repository of WDS that shares security options and file resources.
install image: the WDS file that contains the actual operating system to be installed.
multicasting: a network transmission method that allows one set of packets to be sent to multiple computers simultaneously.
preboot execution environment (PXE): a technology that boots computers using the network interface without a data storage device, such as a hard drive or an installed operating system.
System Image Manager (SIM): a tool used to create and manage unattended Windows setup answer files using a graphical interface.
System Preparation Utility (Sysprep.exe): an imaging utility that prepares a Windows computer for cloning by removing specific computer information such as the computer name and Security Identifier (SID).
Transport Server: a server role that contains a subset of WDS functionality, but can also be used for custom solutions.
Windows Assessment and Deployment Kit (ADK): a set of tools provided by Microsoft to customize, assess, and deploy a Windows operating system to new computers.
Windows Deployment Services Capture Utility: a utility that is used to create an image file and write it to the computer’s drive, which will eventually be copied to the WDS server.
Windows Deployment Services (WDS): a software platform and technology that allows you to perform automated network-based installations based on network-based boot and installation media.
Windows Imaging Format (WIM): a file format that allows a file structure (folders and files) to be stored inside a single WIM database.
Windows Preinstallation Environment (Windows PE): a minimal Windows operating system with limited services.

all updates: all available updates in WSUS.
Automatic Update: a Windows service that works in the background when you are connected to the Internet to identify when new updates are available and to download them to your computer.
autonomous mode:  a mode of WSUS that offers distributed management.
client-side targeting: computers are automatically assigned to a WSUS computer group by using group policies or when someone manually modifies the registry.
computer groups: a method of specifying what updates are to be applied to what computers in WSUS.
critical update: high-priority updates that are not security related.
cumulative patch: multiple hotfixes combined into a single package.
hotfix: a single, cumulative package that includes one or more files that are used to address a problem in a software product, such as a software bug.
out-of-band patches: patches that are not released on Patch Tuesday; instead, they are released at other times when the patches are deemed critical or time sensitive.
out-of-band updates: released updates, not usually related to security updates.
Patch Tuesday: the second Tuesday of each month.
replica mode: a mode of WSUS that offers centralized management.
security update: updates that fix known security problems.
server-side targeting: computers are manually assigned to WSUS computer groups.
service pack: a tested, cumulative set of hotfixes, security updates, critical updates, and updates, as well as additional fixes for problems found internally since the release of the product.
System Center Configuration Manager (SCCM): a more versatile system that can provide remote control, patch management, software distribution, operating system deployment, network access protection, hardware inventory, and software inventory.
Windows Server Update Services (WSUS): a program that is included with today’s Windows Servers that allows administrators to manage the distribution of updates and other patches to computers within an organization.
Windows Update: a program that scans your system to determine the updates and fixes your system needs.
WSUS update: updates related to the update process

Administrative Tools: a folder in the Control Panel that contains tools for system administrators and advanced users.
Computer Management: one of the primary tools used to manage a computer running Windows 8 and can be very useful when managing a computer running Windows Server 2012. It includes the most commonly used MMC snap-ins.
Data Collector Sets (DCS): a configuration in Performance Monitor that allows you to organize a set of performance counts, event traces, and system configuration data into a single object that can be reused as needed.
event subscription: a configuration that specifies what events to collect and where to log them.
Event Viewer: an MMC snap-in that enables you to browse and manage event logs.
Hyper-V Resource Metering: a tool that allows you to view the resource usage of a host and individual VMs.
Microsoft Management Console (MMC): one of the primary administrative tools used to manage Windows and many of the network services provided by Windows.
Microsoft Network Monitor: a protocol analyzer that allows you view the actual packets on the network.
netstat: a command used to view the TCP/IP connections, both inbound and outbound, on your computer.
performance: the overall effectiveness of how data moves through the system.
performance alert: a notification or task that is executed when a performance value is reached.
Performance Monitor: an MMC snap-in that provides tools for analyzing system performance.
process: an instance of a program that is being executed.
Reliability Monitor: a utility that provides a stability index on a computer that ranges from 1 (the least stable) to 10 (the most stable).
Resource Monitor: a powerful tool for understanding how your system resources are used by processes and services.
Server Manager: a management console in Windows Server 2012 that helps you manage local and remote Windows-based servers.
service: a program, routine, or process that performs a specific system function to support other programs or to provide a network service.
Services console: used to manage services on a computer; part of the Server Manager and Computer Management consoles.
Task Manager: a utility that gives you a quick glance at performance and provides information about programs and processes running on your computer.