2017-11-21 TOEFL: reading inference

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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Food labels: write your name and level at the top, and maybe write the name of the food in the space on the side
Vegetarian = no part of a dead animal, but may include eggs and dairy
Vegan = nothing from an animal (also no eggs, no dairy)
Nuts = peanuts, walnuts, pecans, etc.
Pork = anything from a pig
Dairy = anything from milk (milk, cream, butter, yogurt, etc.)
Shellfish = shrimp, clams, oysters, mussels, etc.
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(Remember: we’re bringing dessert)
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Reading Question Types (using yesterday’s test)
1 vocabulary
2 fact
3 vocabulary
4 inference
5 fact
6 inference
7 vocabulary (vocab questions can sometimes be about phrases)
8 paraphrase
9 method (like purpose, similar to organization questions in listening)
10 vocabulary
11 fact (“why” questions about an author (or speaker) can be purpose questions, but “why” questions about the topic are often fact/detail questions)
12 sentence insertion
13 organize/categorize
16 negative fact
23 purpose
24 reference
27 summarize
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Handout (Cambridge) p. 200-201 exercise R15 - Identify which sentences are correct inferences (sometimes more than one answer is correct). Take 5 minutes, then check with your partner and try to convince them of your answers if you disagree.
1 C
2 B
3 B D
4 A B
5 B C
6 B D
7 A C
8 B (“unsurpassed” means all other drugs are not as effective)
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p. 204 exercise R17 - Can these things be inferred? yes or no
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BREAK
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Check your answers with your partner.
1 Yes
2 Yes
3 No
4 Yes
5 No
6 Yes
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Buildings with more doctors have more sick people.
Does this mean doctors make people sick?
- Sick people go to places with doctors (i.e. hospitals).
After seatbelt laws were passed, there were more hospitalizations for car accident injuries.
Does this mean seatbelts cause injuries?
- People who would have died without seatbelts now only get injured in accidents.
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p. 205 exercise R18 - For each sentence after a paragraph, decide if it is an Inference, a Restatement, or neither. Take 10 minutes to write I, R, or nothing next to the statements.
1 A. I - “The recipients of MacArthur Prizes are people who have already achieved considerable success.”
  B. I
  C. R “This money frees...people...and allows them the time to devote themselves to creative thinking.”
2 A. I
  B. R
  C. I
3 A. R
  B. I
  C. R
4 A. R
  B. R
  C. R
5 A. I
  B. I
  C. (not stated)
6 A. R (This could be the answer to a fact or a paraphrase question.)
  B. I
  C. (not stated)
7 A. I
  B. R
  C. R
8 A. R
  B. I
  C. I (If they attacked for hunger, we would expect them to eat the people they attacked.)
9 A. R
  B. I
  C. (All inchworms are geometrids, which means “earth measurer”, but they don’t actually measure anything.)
10 A. I
   B. I
   C. (not stated)
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(Cengage) p. 64 - Choose the (one) correct inference for each passage. (15 minutes)
Then check with your partner and try to convince them of your answer if you disagree.
1 B
2 C
3 C
4 C
5 A
6 B
7 A
8 C (not B - We know almost 20 books were set in Alaska, but we don’t know where he wrote them.)
9 B
10 A
11 B
12 A
13 C
14 C
15 A
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Homework: Handout (cengage) p. 66-73 - Answer the inference questions about passages 1 to 3.