2015-08-01 Saturday: Unit 2 Performance

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
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Homework: do the unit 1 test at home
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p. 21 - the picture shows Mexican folk dancing
(“folk” = traditional for the common or indigenous people of an area)
What are some traditional dance styles you know about? (from your country or somewhere else)
part 2 - which word in each group doesn’t fit? why?
1 dance - the others are people (“dance” is an action)
2 play - the others are people (“play” is an event or a verb)
3 dancer - the others are events (“dancer” is a person)
4 act - the others are people (“act” is a verb or a part of a play or musical)
5 singer - the others are groups of people (“singer” is just one person)
6 clown - the others are kinds of performance (“clown” is a person)
7 drummer - the others are types of music (“drummer” is a person)
8 hiking - the others are ways of performing (“hiking” is a recreational activity)
play = live theater (e.g. Shakespeare)
musical = musical theater (a play with singing)
choir = a group of people who sing together
conductor = the person who leads an orchestra
MC = master of ceremonies = the person who directs or manages a series of performances
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What types of music do you like to listen to? How about types you dislike?
pop, dance, classical, rock, romantic, metal, country, pop-rock, jazz, blues, tango, samba, salsa, merengue, cumbia, reggaeton, vallenato, flamenco, (in the US, many of these are grouped as “Latin music”)
(When we talk about types of music, movies, books, or TV shows, we use the word “genre”.)
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p. 22 part 2 - with the same partner, guess which country these genres come from
1 c
2 d
3 b
4 g
5 f
6 e
7 a
8 h

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ffHgfYvmpHw (bossa nova)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cnxISfWnbwk (charanga)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=on9lKHZc5jA (fado)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JkOkDI3RFvM (hoomii)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C7HL5wYqAbU (taiko drumming)
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part 3 - what kinds of music would you describe with these words?
catchy = music that very quickly stays in your head after you hear it
melodic = it has a tune that you can sing or hum
moving = it makes you feel strong emotions (especially sadness)
tuneless = opposite of melodic; there is no tune you can sing or hum
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p. 22 part 7 - which of the statements is NOT true about the sentences in part 5
3 is false - the actions in the sentences did not finish in the past

Peter Gabriel has been part of WOMAD for about 30 years.
= He was a part of it in the past and it continues in the present.

I have lived in Boston for almost 8 years.
= I started living here in the past and I still live here now.

(I lived in Mexico for one year. - simple past means the action started *and* finished in the past)

Zap Mama has had several hits.
= They had some hits in the past and (probably) they continue to have hits now and in the future.

I have read six books this year. = I finished 6 books but there are still 5 months, so I will probably read more.
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present perfect = have/has + past participle
(perfect = [have] + past participle, and present perfect -> “have” is in the present tense)

since + point in time
for + quantity of time

I moved to Boston in 2008. I have worked at four different schools since then.
“then” = 2008
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p. 23 part 11 - complete the sentences so they are true for you, and compare your answers with a partner
1 I have lived here for almost 8 years.
2 I have been at my current job since 2013.
3 I have known my best friend since I was a child.
4 I haven’t listened to this music in ages.
5 I have always wanted to travel to India. (“always” goes after the first auxiliary verb)
6 I have never had my own house. (“never” also goes after the first auxiliary verb)
7 I have studied English since 1988.
8 I have been in this class for two months.
I am always going to remember this. / I am never going to forget this.
(“am” is the first auxiliary verb, so “always” and “never” go directly after it)
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I have already finished that book. = I have finished that book already.
= I have finished it, and it’s sooner than expected.

I haven’t yet finished that book. = I haven’t finished that book yet.
= I haven’t finished it, but I expect to pretty soon.
Has she had her baby yet?
= I don’t know if she has had her baby, but I know that she will have it soon.

I have just finished that book. = I just finished that book.
= I finished the book very recently.
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Gerunds and Infinitives:

I have just finished reading that book. / I have just finished to read that book.
ONLY the first is correct: finish + gerund
(gerund = verb+ing, used as a noun)

I have just started reading that book. / I have just started to read that book.
BOTH are correct: start + gerund and start + infinitive are both okay (and have the same meaning)

I have always wanted reading that book. / I have always wanted to read that book.
ONLY the second is correct: want + infinitive

http://www.engvid.com/english-resource/verbs-followed-by-gerunds-and-infinitives/ - lists of some of the verbs that are followed by gerunds or infinitives
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I asked about learning English.
I have trouble with remembering gerunds and infinitives.
It’s a way of meeting people.
(preposition + gerund)

Learning English is not too difficult. / Learning English doesn’t sound like a fun idea.
Remembering gerunds and infinitives is difficult. / Remembering them gives me a headache.
Smoking is very unhealthy and you should quit. / Smoking causes cancer.
(gerund as the subject - usually)

It is not too difficult to learn English.
It is difficult to remember gerunds and infinitives.
It is unhealthy to smoke and you should quit.
I was surprised to meet you at the party.
I’m glad to see you.
([be] + adjective + infinitive)

I went to the store to buy milk.
I’m studying English to get a better job.
I stopped driving to eat some food.
(infinitive of purpose, = “in order to…”)
(when it’s about the purpose of something: for + noun, to + verb)
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“for” is a preposition: Thank you very much for coming to my party.
“to” is sometimes a preposition: I look forward to meeting her.
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p. 25 part 8 - with your partner, write the correct form of the verb and share if it’s true for you
1 doing (enjoy + gerund)
2 Painting (subject)
3 to be (“hard” is an adjective)
4 changing (imagine + gerund)
5 to learn (“old” is an adjective)
6 to play (learn + infinitive)
7 trying (“about” is a preposition)
8 to find (seem + infinitive)
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p. 28 - which event(s) in part 1 would you like to go to?
Comedians often do stand-up comedy.

Types of entertainment events: stand-up show, movie, concert, dance festival, circus, sports match, play, opera, musical, book festival, food festival, art exhibition, race

Charity causes or organizations: poverty, the elderly, homelessness, hunger, the environment, animals, the church, sick people, disaster relief, UNICEF, Caritas, Red Cross, Greenpeace
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BREAK
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In your group, plan an entertainment event to raise money for a specific charity. Draw a poster advertising for the event (similar to the posters on p. 28).
Present your event to the class and answer any questions other students have about it.
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p. 28 part 5
interesting - not boring
we can say: very interesting, really interesting, pretty interesting, extremely interesting, so interesting
we can’t say: absolutely interesting, completely interesting, (totally interesting)

fascinating - very interesting
we can say: totally fascinating, absolutely fascinating, (totally fascinating), really fascinating, so fascinating
we can’t say: very fascinating, pretty fascinating, fairly fascinating, somewhat fascinating

“interesting” is a weak adjective, “fascinating” is a strong adjective

totally, absolutely, completely, utterly - these are “total” intensifiers (= 100%), we can use only with strong adj.
really, so - we can use with both strong and weak adjectives
pretty, very, fairly, somewhat, extremely - these are intensifiers of degree, we can use only with weak adjectives
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in part 5, list A has strong adjectives, and B has weak adjectives
fantastic = very good
fascinating = very interesting
spectacular = very exciting and interesting (to watch, as in a performance)
terrible = very bad (= awful)
terrific = very good (= awesome)
thrilling = very exciting but in a scary way
unforgettable = very memorable
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gradable adjectives: adjectives that can be more or less (these can have -er endings)
good, bad, exciting, thrilling, fascinating (comparatives, “so”, “really”)

ungradable adjectives: adjectives that are either true or false, they can’t be more or less
perfect, finished, pregnant, closed, dead (no comparatives, but you can use “total” intensifiers and words like “almost” and “nearly”)
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Homework: p. 26 parts 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
and p. 29 part 6 - write a profile of an artist or entertainer who you enjoy (NOT (directly) FROM THE INTERNET)