gpg --using-key pubkey.txt --verify message.txt

gpg --import pubkey.txt
gpg --lsign-key [name within pubkey.txt]
# ... something to do with choosing trust levels
gpg --verify message.txt

[ben@seditious tmp]$ gpg -v --verify thing.txt.gpg
gpg: original file name='thing.txt'
gpg: Signature made Thu 26 Sep 2013 06:51:39 AM EST using RSA key ID 35C7553C
gpg: Can't check signature: public key not found
[ben@seditious tmp]$ gpg -v --status-fd 1 --verify thing.txt.gpg
gpg: original file name='thing.txt'
gpg: Signature made Thu 26 Sep 2013 06:51:39 AM EST using RSA key ID 35C7553C
[GNUPG:] ERRSIG 7FF2D37135C7553C 1 10 00 1380142299 9
[GNUPG:] NO_PUBKEY 7FF2D37135C7553C
gpg: Can't check signature: public key not found
[ben@seditious tmp]$

bash-3.2$ pgpdump thing.txt.gpg
Old: Compressed Data Packet(tag 8)
    Comp alg - ZLIB <RFC1950>(comp 2)
Old: One-Pass Signature Packet(tag 4)(13 bytes)
    New version(3)
    Sig type - Signature of a binary document(0x00).
    Hash alg - SHA512(hash 10)
    Pub alg - RSA Encrypt or Sign(pub 1)
    Key ID - 0x7FF2D37135C7553C
    Next packet - other than one pass signature
Old: Literal Data Packet(tag 11)(24 bytes)
    Format - binary
    Filename - thing.txt
    File modified time - Thu Sep 26 06:51:39 EST 2013
    Literal - ...
Old: Signature Packet(tag 2)(412 bytes)
    Ver 4 - new
    Sig type - Signature of a binary document(0x00).
    Pub alg - RSA Encrypt or Sign(pub 1)
    Hash alg - SHA512(hash 10)
    Hashed Sub: signature creation time(sub 2)(4 bytes)
        Time - Thu Sep 26 06:51:39 EST 2013
    Sub: issuer key ID(sub 16)(8 bytes)
        Key ID - 0x7FF2D37135C7553C
    Hash left 2 bytes - f0 97
    RSA m^d mod n(3066 bits) - ...
        -> PKCS-1
bash-3.2$

[ben@seditious tmp]$ gpg -v --verify thing.txt.gpg
gpg: original file name='thing.txt'
gpg: Signature made Thu 26 Sep 2013 06:51:39 AM EST using RSA key ID 35C7553C
gpg: using subkey 35C7553C instead of primary key 73590E5D
gpg: using PGP trust model
gpg: Good signature from "Ben M <ben@REDACTED>"
gpg:                 aka "Ben M <ben.m@REDACTED>"
gpg:                 aka "Ben M <ben.m@REDACTED>"
gpg:                 aka "Ben M (backup email address) <benm@REDACTED>"
gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
Primary key fingerprint: DB47 24E6 FA42 86C9 2B4E  55C4 321E 4E23 7359 0E5D
     Subkey fingerprint: B7F0 FE75 9387 430D D0C5  8BDB 7FF2 D371 35C7 553C
gpg: binary signature, digest algorithm SHA512
[ben@seditious tmp]$

[ben@seditious tmp]$ gpg -v --verify --trust-model always thing.txt.gpg
gpg: original file name='thing.txt'
gpg: Signature made Thu 26 Sep 2013 06:51:39 AM EST using RSA key ID 35C7553C
gpg: using subkey 35C7553C instead of primary key 73590E5D
gpg: Good signature from "Ben M <ben@REDACTED>"
gpg:                 aka "Ben M <ben.m@REDACTED>"
gpg:                 aka "Ben M <ben.m@REDACTED>"
gpg:                 aka "Ben M (backup email address) <benm@REDACTED>"
gpg: WARNING: Using untrusted key!
gpg: binary signature, digest algorithm SHA512
[ben@seditious tmp]$

[ben@seditious tmp]$ gpg --verify --trust-model always thing.txt.gpg
gpg: Signature made Thu 26 Sep 2013 06:51:39 AM EST using RSA key ID 35C7553C
gpg: Good signature from "Ben M <ben@REDACTED>"
gpg:                 aka "Ben M <ben.m@REDACTED>"
gpg:                 aka "Ben M <ben.m@REDACTED>"
gpg:                 aka "Ben M (backup email address) <benm@REDACTED>"
gpg: WARNING: Using untrusted key!
[ben@seditious tmp]$

[ben@seditious ~]$ gpg -v --no-default-keyring --keyring /tmp/mykey.gpg --verify /tmp/thing.txt.gpg
gpg: original file name='thing.txt'
gpg: Signature made Thu 26 Sep 2013 06:51:39 AM EST using RSA key ID 35C7553C
gpg: using subkey 35C7553C instead of primary key 73590E5D
gpg: using PGP trust model
gpg: Good signature from "Ben M <ben@REDACTED>"
gpg:                 aka "Ben M (backup email address) <benm@REDACTED>"
gpg:                 aka "Ben M <ben.m@REDACTED>"
gpg:                 aka "Ben M <ben.m@REDACTED>"
gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
Primary key fingerprint: DB47 24E6 FA42 86C9 2B4E  55C4 321E 4E23 7359 0E5D
     Subkey fingerprint: B7F0 FE75 9387 430D D0C5  8BDB 7FF2 D371 35C7 553C
gpg: binary signature, digest algorithm SHA512
[ben@seditious ~]$

gpg --status-fd 1 --verify thefile.gpg

[ben@seditious tmp]$ gpg -v --status-fd 1 --verify thing.txt.gpg
gpg: original file name='thing.txt'
gpg: Signature made Thu 26 Sep 2013 06:51:39 AM EST using RSA key ID 35C7553C
[GNUPG:] ERRSIG 7FF2D37135C7553C 1 10 00 1380142299 9
[GNUPG:] NO_PUBKEY 7FF2D37135C7553C
gpg: Can't check signature: public key not found

[ben@seditious ~]$ gpg -v --no-default-keyring --keyring /tmp/mykey.gpg --verify /tmp/thing.txt.gpg
gpg: original file name='thing.txt'
gpg: Signature made Thu 26 Sep 2013 06:51:39 AM EST using RSA key ID 35C7553C
gpg: using subkey 35C7553C instead of primary key 73590E5D
gpg: using PGP trust model
gpg: Good signature from "Ben M <ben@REDACTED>"
gpg:                 aka "Ben M (backup email address) <benm@REDACTED>"
gpg:                 aka "Ben M <ben.m@REDACTED>"
gpg:                 aka "Ben M <ben.m@REDACTED>"
gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature!
gpg:          There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner.
Primary key fingerprint: DB47 24E6 FA42 86C9 2B4E  55C4 321E 4E23 7359 0E5D
     Subkey fingerprint: B7F0 FE75 9387 430D D0C5  8BDB 7FF2 D371 35C7 553C
gpg: binary signature, digest algorithm SHA512

[ben@seditious tmp]$ gpg -v --verify thing.txt.gpg
gpg: original file name='thing.txt'
gpg: Signature made Thu 26 Sep 2013 06:51:39 AM EST using RSA key ID 35C7553C
gpg: Can't check signature: public key not found

gpgv --keyring key.ring somefile.txt