2014-09-19 Structure: gerund/infinitive changed meaning

[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk
---
Homework: p. 293 exerciese 3, p. 294-5 exercise 5
---
exercise 3
2 not to have heard (not to hear)
3 not to have understood (not to understand)
4 to have gotten (to get)
5 to have finished (to finish)
6 to have been hit (only past is possible)
7 to have fed
8 not to have done
We expected them to clean the house.
= When we left on vacation, we expected that they were going to clean the house.
We expected them to have cleaned the house.
= When we returned from vacation, we expected to see they had cleaned the house.
exercise 5
2 (Jack doesn't have enough time to finish his report.)
  Jack has too many words to type his whole report in an hour.
  It is too late for Jack to finish his report in an hour.
  Time is too short for Jack to finish his report.
3 In three months Marcy will have enough money to buy her friend's car.
  Marcy has enough time to save enough money to buy her friend's car.
  Marcy doesn't have enough money to buy her friend's car now.
4 Eve is probably too late to prepare dinner in time for her guests.
  Eve has too little time to prepare dinner by 7:00.
  Eve started too late to prepare dinner for her guests.
5 Sally didn't eat enough (food) to stay healthy.
  Eating one meal a day is not enough for Sally to stay healthy.
6 Carlos is intelligent enough to pass the course if he applies himself.
"too little too late"
---
p. 294 exercise 4
2 to be helped by a passing motorist?
3 your phone service to be disconnected?
  to have your phone service disconnected? (passive causative)
4 to be notified by the police?
5 to be stopped by a police officer?
6 to be questioned by your teacher?
---
Verbs that change meaning with gerunds and infinitives:
gerunds - real actions that really happen
infinitives - potential actions that happen later (attempts or obligations)

stop, quit, forget, remember, regret, try, go on

I stopped smoking. = I don't smoke any more. (or)
= I was smoking first and then I stopped.
I stopped to smoke. = I stopped something else in order to have a cigarette.
= I stopped (another thing) first and then I smoked.
(same with "quit")

I remembered visiting my grandparents. = I remember the past action of visiting.
= I visited them and then I remembered.
I remembered to visit my grandparents. = I remember the obligation to visit.
= I remembered and then I visited them.

I forgot locking the door. = I forgot the past action of locking.
= I locked the door and then I forgot.
I forgot to lock the door. = I forgot the obligation to lock the door.
= I forgot and then I didn't lock the door.

I regret telling you they fired you. = I regret the past action of telling you.
= I told you and then I regretted it.
I regret to tell you that they fired you. = I regret the obligation to tell you.
= I regret it and then I tell you. (regret to + verbs of giving information)

I went on teaching despite the interruption. = I continued my previous action.
= I was teaching and then I went on (I continued teaching).
(opposite of "stop" and "quit" - I didn't stop teaching.)
I went on to teach at the university level.
= After another job, I later taught at the university level.
---
I'll try opening the window. (real action)
= I will open the window. It may or may not fix the problem. It might not help.
I'll try to open the window. (potential action)
= I will attempt to open the window. I may or may not open it. It might be broken.
---
Homework: p. 295 exercise 6, all of page 302