SUMMARY OF SARS-CoV/SARS-CoV-2 AND COVID-19 FINDINGS

There are now two recognized strains of the disease. The L strain is more infectious and severe than the ancestral S strain:

https://academic.oup.com/nsr/advance-article/doi/10.1093/nsr/nwaa036/5775463

The disease has an R0, the reproduction value, of around 6.6, which means 1 person infects that many other people, on average. There are also super-spreader incidents where one person can infect dozens of others. The R0 has been variously calculated as being somewhere between 3 and 7, and one Belgian scientist says between 4.7 to 7. In some locales, the R0 may vary depending on human behavior:

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.07.20021154v1

https://www.rtbf.be/info/opinions/detail_lettre-ouverte-a-la-ministre-de-la-sante-publique-coronavirus-il-faut-savoir-ecouter-la-peur?id=10443799

The median incubation period is around 5 days, but outliers of 24+ days have been seen:

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/landig/article/PIIS2589-7500(20)30026-1/fulltext

SARS-CoV-2 is strongly suspected to be airborne:

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41368-020-0075-9

https://www.msn.com/en-sg/news/world/china-confirms-aerosol-spread-of-covid-19-frontline-medical-workers-need-to-wear-right-masks/ar-BB10ljdt?ocid=ems.msn.dl.RosetteNebula

SARS-CoV is known to have spread by the oral-fecal route and through airborne sewage particulate matter, and SARS-CoV-2 is likely no different in that regard. SARS causes enteric symptoms and contaminates sewers and makes them hazardous:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5302810/

https://www.gastrojournal.org/article/S0016-5085(20)30281-X/pdf

SARS-CoV-2 is capable of asymptomatic transmission and it is practically impossible to stop the spread by contact tracing and minor quarantines. There are a multitude of asymptomatic carriers walking around:

https://www.jwatch.org/na50998/2020/02/24/potential-transmission-sars-cov-2-asymptomatic-carrier

https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/5/20-0198_article

https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc2001737

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(20)30114-6/fulltext

SARS-CoV-2 can enter the eye through the ocular surface. Any protective mask must be full-face. Half-face masks are insufficient:

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(20)30313-5/fulltext

The virus attacks ACE2 receptors in cells. ACE2 stands for Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2, and it's part of the angiotensin-renin system that regulates vasoconstriction and vasodilation. This system is essential for your body to maintain the correct blood pressure. ACE2 receptors are found in many vital organs and reproductive tissues in the human body. Lungs, heart, kidneys, brain. SARS-CoV-2 infection may also have negative effects on male fertility. ACE2 receptors are found in the seminiferous ducts of the testis. When the virus binds to ACE2 receptors, it leaves excess circulating Angiotensin II, which goes on to cause inflammation in the lungs:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angiotensin-converting_enzyme_2

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renin–angiotensin_system

https://www.dicardiology.com/article/cardiac-implications-novel-coronavirus

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.12.20022418v1

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2667944/

https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202002.0299/v1

https://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m406/rr-15

The primary pathology of note in COVID-19 is bilateral pneumonia with ground-glass lesions visible in CT scans:

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(20)30086-4/fulltext

SARS-CoV-2 can potentially cause lung fibrosis and chronic lung disease if not caught and treated with antivirals at an early stage. This has serious implications for treatment of patients who get infected with a different strain; their weakened condition may increase mortality:

https://www.globaltimes.cn/content/1181121.shtml

https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202002.0407/v3/download

One COVID-19 victim had such severe damage to their lungs, they needed to be treated with a double lung transplant:

http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-03/02/c_138836428.htm

SARS-CoV (a relative of SARS-CoV-2) has been shown to cause neural death (surprisingly without encephalitis) in transgenic mouse models:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2493326/

SARS-CoV was also found in the brains of infected patients in previous outbreaks:

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/09/050915002938.htm

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2667944/

Recent information seems to suggest that SARS-CoV-2 can cause neurological symptoms and cerebrovascular disease, leading to loss of autonomic functions of the brain and, in the worst case, lingering brain damage. The virus can apparently attack the medulla or even cause viral encephalitis, and some patients have had the virus found in their cerebrospinal fluid:

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.02.22.20026500v1

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jmv.25728

http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-03/05/c_138846529.htm

SARS-CoV-2 can also possibly cause massive co-infections of prevotella, a normally harmless gut bacteria, potentially even displaying bacteriophage-like synergistic behavior with prevotella. The researchers seemed to have low confidence in this result, but it may be something worth following up on to see if the virus actually is capable of bacteriophage-like behavior in vitro:

https://osf.io/ktngw/

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339008515_The_2019_Wuhan_outbreak_is_caused_by_the_bacteria_Prevotella_which_is_aided_by_the_coronavirus_possibly_to_adhere_to_epithelial_cells_-_Prevotella_is_present_in_huge_amounts_in_patients_from_both_Chin

The action of SARS-Coronaviruses (which attack ACE2 pathways) can dysregulate the angiotensin system and cause cardiopulmonary damage and inflammation directly through this route:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/59272

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1829448/

https://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/10.2217/fvl.10.4

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32061198

SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 can both cause cytokine storms, where inflammatory agents released by the body's own immune system begin to over-accumulate and damage tissues that they were sent to protect:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3294426/

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-2600(20)30076-X/fulltext

https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S0140-6736(20)30183-5

SARS-CoV-2 can cause myocarditis leading to myoglobin accumulation in the blood and renal failure. It can also directly attack several vital organs of the body:

https://www.acc.org/~/media/665AFA1E710B4B3293138D14BE8D1213.pdf

https://www.healthline.com/health-news/heres-what-happens-to-the-body-after-contracting-the-coronavirus#Liver-and-kidneys

SARS-CoV has been shown to be capable of Dengue-like antibody-dependent enhancement, tricking the immune system into aiding the virus. It is unknown whether or not SARS-CoV-2 can do the same. Also, some of these studies use in vitro models that have not been verified in vivo, and should perhaps be viewed with skepticism:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3019510/

https://www.msi.umn.edu/~lifang/flpapers/fang_li_mers_ade_jvi_2019.pdf

SARS-CoV has been known to cause vasculitis of the organs by attacking blood vessels directly. It is unknown whether or not this also applies to SARS-CoV-2:

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1829448/

https://cmr.asm.org/content/20/4/660

SARS-CoV-2 has a furin cleavage site on the spike glycoprotein that may greatly enhance cell-to-cell fusion and infectiousness:

http://virological.org/t/the-proximal-origin-of-sars-cov-2/398

http://www.virology.ws/2020/02/13/furin-cleavage-site-in-the-sars-cov-2-coronavirus-glycoprotein/

https://www.scmp.com/news/china/society/article/3052495/coronavirus-far-more-likely-sars-bond-human-cells-scientists-say

There is some hope! Various drugs and therapies are being investigated.

Remdesivir and Chloroquine show promise in inhibiting viral replication:

https://www.gilead.com/purpose/advancing-global-health/covid-19

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32074550

CytoSorb, an extracorporeal filtration therapy, may help with cytokine release syndrome (a.k.a the dreaded cytokine storm):

https://cytosorbents.com/cytosorb-the-wuhan-coronavirus-and-cytokine-storm/

http://cytosorbents.mediaroom.com/2020-02-28-CytoSorb-Shipment-Arrives-in-Designated-Mainland-China-Hospitals-to-Treat-Cytokine-Storm-in-Critically-ill-Patients-with-COVID-19-Coronavirus-Infection

Angiotensin blockers (ARBs), like Losartan and Telmisartan, can potentially keep SARS-CoV-2 and similar coronaviruses away from ACE2 receptors, but they may have unwanted side effects:

https://www.bmj.com/content/368/bmj.m406/rr-2

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11427-015-4814-7.pdf

The virus is reliant on TMPRSS2 and certain protease inhibitors may be able to block the virus from fusing with cells:

https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(20)30229-4?rss=yes

Novel antiviral proteins like DRACO could be used to stop pandemics in their tracks even without a vaccine available. Continued development of this technology could be used in the future to block pandemic spread entirely:

https://riderinstitute.org/discovery/

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0022572

https://www.draper.com/news-releases/draper-nanotechnology-could-fight-influenza-other-viruses

Quick Summary:

· Extremely contagious.

· Long incubation period with asymptomatic transmission.

· Very high likelihood of airborne aerosol transmission as well as oral-fecal transmission.

· Causes severe bilateral viral pneumonia with ground-glass opacities in the lungs visible on CT.

· Can potentially cause myocarditis and subsequent myoglobinemia that shuts down the kidneys due to myoglobin entering the blood from the damaged heart.

· Can potentially damage blood vessels with vasculitis especially inside certain vital organs.

· Can potentially damage blood vessels and/or neurons in the brain (which may be the cause for the mysterious sudden drop fatalities with people suffering apparent brain death and seizures, as seen in leaked social media footage). Could cause persistent brain damage, brain stem injury, diaphragm paralysis, seizures, and possibly even a persistent vegetative state due to its neuroinvasive potential.

· As if that wasn’t bad enough, it could even infect normally harmless gut bacteria and form a symbiotic relationship with it, possibly becoming a persistent environmental contaminant when COVID-19 victims defecate symbiotic colonies of prevotella and SARS-CoV-2 (bacteriophage-like behavior?).

This thing is so much scarier than the flu, it's unbelievable.

COVID-19 is a deceptive and sinister disease that outwardly presents as severe pneumonia while stealthily causing damage to many of its victims’ vital organs. Then, they defecate, and their sewage contaminates sewers, groundwater, and bodies of water, infecting other people. That does not mean that it is limited to infecting by the oral-fecal route. If one so much as breathes the exhaled air of a COVID-19 victim, they can be sickened by that person’s exhaled aerosols.

There is no natural immunity or herd immunity, and anyone can become sickened. TH2 vaccines for SARS-CoV have failed in animal tests in the past because they caused abnormal cytokine responses and lung lesions (T-helper immunopathology). In 17 years, no one has successfully discovered a safe and viable SARS vaccine.

This virus is a serious threat to the lives of people across the globe, and a national security threat beyond compare. We are all in grave danger with something like this on the loose. I implore the authorities to coordinate with virologists, epidemiologists, and critical care experts to come up with a plan of action. If this virus explodes in a major metropolitan area, you could see hundreds of thousands of terribly sick people swarming into hospitals and overflowing their surge capacity. The window of opportunity to prevent possibly millions of excess deaths is rapidly closing.

We should have had negative-pressure tent cities capable of treating tens of thousands of people established and staged outside major metropolitan areas at the beginning of February, in anticipation of pandemic spread. We need more oxygen concentrators and ventilators for the sick.

Please, investigate possible avenues of research and treatments. Dr. Todd Rider’s DRACO antiviral therapy could have saved thousands of lives already if he’d received a grant to continue his research. Remdesivir, Chloroquine, CytoSorb, Losartan, and Telmisartan could help patients right now.

This illness, if left unchecked, could kill hundreds of millions of people globally and severely damage the quality of life of billions more. There is an urgent need for money and resources to combat this disease and to preserve the health and safety of American citizens and people abroad.

This pandemic is harming our allies and trading partners, and it is harming innocent lives the world over. Any vaccines, therapies, and screening or quarantine measures we develop may save lives if shared globally.

We are now in a state of war against a lethal pandemic disease.