2 The Geosphere 04 EARTH SPACE SCIENCE

Answer Key

Question 1 (Worth 2 points)

Which of the following is true of folded mountains, fault-block mountains, and volcanic mountains?

 Form from the buildup of lava and ash

 Form only at boundaries between two oceanic plates

 Form only at boundaries between two continental plates

ANSWER -  Form at both convergent and divergent plate boundaries

Points earned on this question: 2

Question 2 (Worth 2 points)

The diagram below shows a strike-slip fault.

In this image, two parallel sections of rock are moving opposite each other-side to side rather than up and down.

Public Domain

Which answer choice correctly explains why this diagram shows a strike-slip fault?

 The fault plane divides two otherwise identical sections of rock.

ANSWER -  Two blocks of crust are moving parallel to each other in opposite directions.

 One block of crust has raised above the other block of crust along the fault plane.

 The fault plane has formed where two sections of rock are pressing against each other.

Points earned on this question: 2

Question 3 (Worth 2 points)

What type of fault is shown in the image below?

In this fault, the hanging wall and footwall are side by side and moving in opposite directions.

Public Domain

ANSWER -  Lateral fault

 Normal fault

 Reverse fault

 Thrust fault

Points earned on this question: 2

Question 4 (Worth 2 points)

Where would you expect to find a mountain range caused by the collision of two continental plates on the map below?

A map showing the locations of Earth's tectonic plates. The border of the Eurasian and Indian plates is labeled A. The middle of the North American Plate, near the Arctic Ocean, is labeled B. The middle of the Antarctic Plate, along the coast of Antarctica, is labeled C. The middle of the Pacific Plate, slightly north of the equator, is labeled D.

Public Domain

ANSWER -  A

 B

 C

 D

Points earned on this question: 2

Question 5 (Worth 2 points)

While exploring the land over a tectonic plate boundary, an explorer discovers a geologic structure with steep cliffs and jagged edges. Which of the following has the explorer most likely discovered?

ANSWER -  A fault-block mountain

 A folded mountain

 A hot spot volcano

 A volcanic arc

Points earned on this question: 2

Question 6 (Worth 2 points)

The Appalachian Mountains are an example of a folded mountain range. Based on this information, which of the following processes formed the Appalachians?

 Melted rock called magma rose through holes in Earth's crust and gradually solidified as it cooled.

 Tectonic movement forced certain segments of Earth's crust downward and other segments upward in jagged chunks.

 One tectonic plate moved beneath another plate at a subduction zone, causing the rock to melt and rise above Earth's surface.

ANSWER -  Segments of Earth's crust bent and doubled over, and moving wind and water gradually shaped the rock into gently sloping domes.

Points earned on this question: 2

Question 7 (Worth 2 points)

Generally speaking, how does the age of geologic structures in Colorado compare with the age of those in Florida?

ANSWER -  Rock structures in Colorado are older than those in Florida.

 Rock structures in Colorado are younger than those in Florida.

 Rock structures in Florida and Colorado are about the same age.

 Unlike in Colorado, rock structures in Florida were formed by erosion.

Points earned on this question: 2

Question 8 (Worth 2 points)

What type of stress is shown in the following diagram?

A rectangular prism is being pushed together at both ends.

Public Domain

ANSWER -  Compression

 Lateral

 Shear

 Tension

Points earned on this question: 2

Question 9 (Worth 2 points)

In which of the following locations is a shield volcano likely to form?

ANSWER -  At a hot spot

 Near a transform fault

 Along a divergent plate boundary

 Near diverging oceanic plate boundaries

Points earned on this question: 2

Question 10 (Worth 2 points)

Which answer choice best describes the difference between folded mountains and shield volcanoes?

 Folded mountains form only at divergent plate boundaries, whereas shield volcanoes form only at convergent plate boundaries.

 Folded mountains form only at convergent plate boundaries, whereas shield volcanoes form only at divergent plate boundaries.

 Folded mountains form when hot, fluid rock rises through thin spots in Earth's crust, whereas shield volcanoes form when segments of Earth's crust are bent and doubled over.

ANSWER -  Folded mountains form when segments of Earth's crust are bent and doubled over, whereas shield volcanoes form when hot, fluid rock rises through thin spots in Earth's crust.

Points earned on this question: 2