webinar-exam-review-2023-01-21

# Exam Review 2023 Jan 21

# LABS
# Ch 2-14... all Labs!
# Ch 21-34 just ADDITIONAL LABS, but important practice!
# Use Submit Mode!!!

# Watch your string input and output
# 1
# myVar = input().strip()
# 2
# print() # print(end="\n")
# # if you ever override end...
# print("some stuff", end=" ") # set it back to a clean new line
# print() # wrap up with it!

# print("Clean new line!")

# Comp 1: Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc
# Comp 2: Control Flow
# Comp 3: Modules and Files

# Comp 1: Basic syntax and knowledge: operators, data types, etc
# Common Data Types
# int
# float
# str # ""
# list # []
# dict # {k:v}
# tuple # () immutable, Python sees any x,y,z as (x,y,z)... return x,y -> return (x,y)
# set # {} all unique / no duplication, no order (no index, no slice, no sort...)
# range() # --> sequenced container of a series of number

# operators
# = # assignment
# == # equality... asking, comparing... condition
# +
# -
# *
# /
# % # modulo... int remainder... "how many whole things left over?"
# // # floor division... x//y -> math.floor(x/y)
# >
# <
# >=
# <=
# += # increment
# -= # decrement
# != # not equal... asking/comparing
# ** # raise to a power... pow() or math.pow()
# # keywords used like operators
# in # if _someValue_ in _someContainer_
# not # if not _someValue_ in _someContainer_
# and
# or # any one True means whole condition is True... limit OR to 2 conditions

# Comp 2
# the HOW stuff... control flow structures
# IF statements...  if, if/else, if/elif, if/elif/else
# LOOPS...
# WHILE - an IF that repeats
# FOR - looping over a container, or a known number of times # hence range()
# for item in _container_:
# for item in myList:
# for key in myDict:
# for num in range(0, 5): # [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]
# for i in range(0, len(myList)):

# FUNCTIONS
# defining/writing vs calling
# parameters are special "variables"... they don't work like regular variables
# parameters vs arguments
# a function has ONE particular job
# return vs print()... vs write a file... whatever the question says
# method are functions that belong to a particular class/type

# def someFunction(x, y):
#     return x + y
#
# if __name__ == "__main__":  # are we running from this very script I'm writing?
#     myInput = int(input())
#     myOther = int(input())
#     num = someFunction(myInput, myOther)
#     print(num)

# See "tasks" in the last section of Ch 10, 11, 13, 14 for function writing practice
# # CodingBat also has good function-based Python questions:
# # https://codingbat.com/python

# BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS
# print()
# input()
# range()
# list()
# int()
# float()
# set()
# tuple()
# dict()
# str()
# len()
# min()
# max()
# sum()
# pow()
# abs()
# bool()
# round() # buts its cousins math.ceil() and math.floor() are in the math module
# chr()
# ord()
# open() # for IO/files --> .read(), .readlines(), .write()
# sorted() # returns sorted list... compare list.sort() does not return anything
# reversed() # same as above
# enumerate()
# type() # type objects have a .__name__ property
# help() #help(str)
# dir()

# print(dir(str))
# help(str.isspace)

# STRINGS
# be able to slice like it's 2nd nature: myString[start:stop:step]
# myStr = "abcde"
# revStr = myStr[::-1]
# print(revStr)

# KNOW YOUR WHITESPACE
# " "... and many Unicode spaces
# "\n"
# "\r"
# "\t"

# STRING METHODS
# "stuff I want to put together {}".format(var) # or similar f strings
# myStr.strip()
# myStr.split() # returns a list of smaller strings
# ",".join(listOfStrings)
# myStr.replace(oldStr, newStr) # remove... myStr = myStr(oldStr, "")
# myStr.find(subStr) # return the index where substring starts, or -1... myStr.index(subStr) would error instead
# myStr.count(subStr)
# case: myStr.lower(), myStr.upper(), myStr.title(), myStr.capitalize()
# is/Boolean: isupper(), islower(), isspace(), isdigit()... return Boolean on whether the whole str is that

# LISTS
# again be able to slice

myList = [1, 2, 3, 1, 2]
# LIST METHODS
# +
# myList.append(item)
# myStr.insert(i, item)
# myStr.extend(anotherList)
# # -
# myList.pop() # myList.pop(i)
# myList.remove(item) # ... pop() by index, remove by value
# # other
# myList.count(item)
# myList.sort()
# myList.reverse()
# myList.index(item)
# myList.copy()
# myList.clear()

# DICT
# use the key like an index
# myDict[key] # retrieve the value for that key
# myDict[key] = value # assign a (new) value to that key
# myDict.keys()
# myDict.values()
# myDict.items()

# MODULES
# math and csv

# MATH MODULES
# import math # <-- that's a FULL IMPORT
# math.factorial(x)
# math.ceil(x.yz)
# math.floor(x.yz)
# math.pow(x, y) # not to be confused with math.exp()
# math.sqrt(x)
# math.fabs() # compare to abs()
# math.e
# math.pi
#
# # PARTIAL IMPORT
# from math import factorial
# # don't say math.factorial()... we didn't import math
# factorial()

# ALIAS IMPORT
# import math as m
# import math as m
# m.floor() # etc

# FILES!!!
# READ MODE
with open("test.txt", "r") as f:
    contents = f.readlines() # returns a list of strings line by line
print(contents) # it looks like:
# [
#     'Hello.\n', # note new line returns on each line
#     'This\n',
#     'is\n' ...
#     etc ...
# ]

# for line in contents:
#     line = line.strip()
#     print(line)


# CSV MODULE
import csv
with open("mock_data.csv", "r") as f1:
    contents = list(csv.reader(f1)) # creates a list of lists, with each comma-separated value being a string in the inner lists
    # if tsv... csv.reader(f1, delimiter="\t")
# print(contents) # it looks like:
# [
#     ['id', 'first_name', 'last_name', 'email', 'gender', 'ip_address'],
#     ['1', 'Remington', 'Shilling', 'rshilling0@wsj.com', 'Male', '1.71.141.52'],
#     ['2', 'Milty', 'Chittey', 'mchittey1@china.com.cn', 'Male', '85.14.30.8'],
#     ['3', 'Enoch', 'Keady', 'ekeady2@hud.gov', 'Male', '216.15.244.138'],
#     ['4', 'Baldwin', 'McCaskill', 'bmccaskill3@icio.us', 'Male', '151.51.0.216'],
#     ['5', 'Carling', 'Baude', 'cbaude4@liveinternet.ru', 'Male', '91.198.36.54']...
#     etc ...
# ]

# WRITE MODE
# writes over file (if it already exists) destructively
with open("output_data10.csv", "w") as f2:
    for line in contents:
        # look for emails ending in .gov to write out
        # email = line[3]
        # if email[-4:]
        if line[3][-4:] == ".gov": # or line[3].endswith(".gov"):
            # write() method takes one single str argument
            f2.write(",".join(line)+"\n")

# APPEND MODE
# writes onto the end of a file, non-destructively
# with open("append_to_this.txt", "r") as f3:
#     contents = f3.readlines()
# print(contents)
# [
#     "Frodo\n",
#     "Sam\n",
#     "Merry\n" # btw, always worth seeing if this last line has a new line return or not
# ]
with open("append_to_this.txt", "a") as f3:
    f3.write("Pippin\n")