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Languages around 1985

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Apr 23rd, 2025
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  1. Ada (1980): Real-time systems, embedded systems, safety-critical applications.
  2. Stdout Function: Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line (prints a string with a newline, e.g., Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line("Hello World");).
  3.  
  4. ALGOL (1960): Algorithmic and scientific programming, influenced modern language design.
  5. Stdout Function: outstring (in ALGOL 60, e.g., outstring(2, "Hello World");, where 2 is the output channel for stdout).
  6.  
  7. APL (1962): Mathematical and array-based computations, interactive environments.
  8. Stdout Function: ⎕ (quad, e.g., ⎕←'Hello World', displays the string directly to the console).
  9.  
  10. Awk (1977): Text processing, data extraction, reporting for Unix pipelines.
  11. Stdout Function: print (e.g., print "Hello World", outputs to stdout with a newline).
  12.  
  13. BCPL (1967): Systems programming, precursor to C, used for compiler writing.
  14. Stdout Function: writef (e.g., writef("Hello World\n"), formats and writes to stdout).
  15.  
  16. CLU (1974): Modular programming, data abstraction, influencing object-oriented design.
  17. Stdout Function: stream$putl (e.g., stream$putl(stream$primary_output(), "Hello World"), writes a line to the primary output stream).
  18.  
  19. DIBOL (1970): Business applications, similar to COBOL, for DEC systems.
  20. Stdout Function: WRITES (e.g., WRITES(0, "Hello World"), where 0 is the terminal output channel).
  21.  
  22. Eiffel (1985): Object-oriented programming, emphasizing design by contract.
  23. Stdout Function: io.put_string (e.g., io.put_string("Hello World%N"), where %N adds a newline).
  24.  
  25. Forth (1970): Embedded systems, real-time control, stack-based programming.
  26. Stdout Function: TYPE (e.g., "Hello World" TYPE, prints the string from the stack to stdout).
  27.  
  28. GPSS (1961): Discrete event simulation, modeling systems like queues.
  29. Stdout Function: None (GPSS is a simulation language with no direct stdout function; output is typically to reports or files, e.g., via PRINT blocks for simulation results).
  30.  
  31. Icon (1977): String and list processing, goal-directed execution for text analysis.
  32. Stdout Function: write (e.g., write("Hello World"), writes to stdout with a newline).
  33.  
  34. Jovial (1960): Embedded systems, particularly for military and aerospace.
  35. Stdout Function: WRITE (e.g., WRITE(TERM, "Hello World"), where TERM is the terminal output device).
  36.  
  37. Logo (1967): Educational programming, graphics, teaching computational concepts.
  38. Stdout Function: print (e.g., print [Hello World], prints the list or string to the console).
  39.  
  40. Miranda (1985): Functional programming, lazy evaluation, non-strict language research.
  41. Stdout Function: putStr (e.g., putStr "Hello World\n", prints the string to stdout; early versions used implicit output for expressions).
  42.  
  43. ML (1973): Functional programming, type inference, theorem proving.
  44. Stdout Function: print (e.g., print "Hello World\n", prints to stdout; early ML used print for strings).
  45.  
  46. Modula-2 (1978): Systems programming, modular design, real-time applications.
  47. Stdout Function: WriteString (e.g., WriteString("Hello World"); WriteLn;, from the InOut module, with WriteLn for a newline).
  48.  
  49. MUMPS (1966): Database-driven applications, particularly in healthcare.
  50. Stdout Function: WRITE (e.g., WRITE "Hello World",!, where ! adds a newline).
  51.  
  52. Occam (1983): Concurrent programming, for transputer-based parallel systems.
  53. Stdout Function: out.string (e.g., out.string("Hello World", 0, screen!), where screen! is the output channel).
  54.  
  55. PL/I (1964): General-purpose, combining scientific, business, systems programming.
  56. Stdout Function: PUT (e.g., PUT LIST('Hello World');, prints to the default output stream, typically stdout).
  57.  
  58. PostScript (1982): Page description, used for desktop publishing and printing.
  59. Stdout Function: print (e.g., (Hello World) print, prints the string to the current output device, typically stdout in interactive mode).
  60.  
  61. Prolog (1972): Logic programming, artificial intelligence, expert systems.
  62. Stdout Function: write (e.g., write('Hello World'), nl., where nl adds a newline).
  63.  
  64. Ratfor (1975): Structured programming, preprocessor for Fortran readability.
  65. Stdout Function: write (e.g., write(6, *) "Hello World", where 6 is the stdout unit, inherited from Fortran).
  66.  
  67. REXX (1979): Scripting, automation, general-purpose programming on IBM systems.
  68. Stdout Function: SAY (e.g., SAY 'Hello World', prints to stdout with a newline).
  69.  
  70. Scheme (1975): Functional programming, education, AI research.
  71. Stdout Function: display (e.g., (display "Hello World") (newline), where newline adds a newline).
  72.  
  73. Simula (1967): Simulation modeling, introduced object-oriented concepts.
  74. Stdout Function: outtext (e.g., outtext("Hello World"); outimage;, where outimage flushes the line to stdout).
  75.  
  76. Smalltalk (1972): Object-oriented programming, GUI development, prototyping.
  77. Stdout Function: Transcript show: (e.g., Transcript show: 'Hello World'; cr, where cr adds a newline).
  78.  
  79. SNOBOL (1964): String manipulation, pattern matching for text processing.
  80. Stdout Function: OUTPUT (e.g., OUTPUT = "Hello World", assigns the string to the OUTPUT variable, which writes to stdout).
  81.  
  82. SQL (1974): Database querying and management.
  83. Stdout Function: None (SQL is a query language with no direct stdout function; output is typically via database client tools, e.g., SELECT 'Hello World'; in interactive clients).
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