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  1. Biology 111 starting from week 6 – Q’s
  2. What is habitat fragmentation?
  3. What are some results of habitat fragmentation?
  4. What is the edge effect?
  5. What are some solutions to fragmentation?
  6. What is an invasive species?
  7. What is eutrophication? How does the process occur?
  8. What pollutants are biomagnified?
  9. What are HIPPO factors? Which one is the most important?
  10. What are some ways pathogens spread through a population?
  11. What are some necessary conditions for pathogens to be successful?
  12. Where do new diseases come from? What are their sources?
  13. How do pathogens evade the immune system?
  14. Why are small cells better? What are the advantages?
  15. How do cells transfer things across their membranes?
  16. What is diffusion? Facilitated diffusion? Active transport? Endo/exo cytosis
  17. How do pathogens enter a cell?
  18. Why are viruses not considered living organisms?
  19. What gives structural support in a cell?
  20. What is the difference between lytic and lysogenic cycle?
  21. What is the first layer of defense against pathogens?
  22. What is the second line of defense?
  23. What are macrophages and difference (function and target) between natural killer cells?
  24. What are complement proteins?
  25. What does the lymphatic system do?
  26. What function is carried out in the lymph nodes?
  27. What is the difference between an antigen and an antibody?
  28. What can symptoms be caused by (2 things)?
  29. What are the differences in the way B cells and T cells destroy pathogens?
  30. What do natural killer cells and complement proteins have in common?
  31. Describe active, passive, and acquired immunity.
  32. How do viruses inject their DNA/RNA into our cells?
  33. Why do bacterial and protist infections make us sick?
  34. What are two cycles a virus can induce in a cell?
  35. What is the relationship between virulence and contagious-ness?
  36. Why is it so hard to vaccinate against the flu?
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