Survival of COVID-19 patients experiencing cardiac arrest is similar to pre-pandemic rates


It isn't a death sentence if a COVID-19 patient suffers a cardiac arrest while getting treatment for the virus in the hospital, according to new research that contradicts reports from early on in the pandemic. The new insight from a researcher in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania still shows that such events remain deadly, but can be survived at a rate likely near what it was among other hospital inpatients before the pandemic broke out. This analysis was presented during the American Heart Association's annual scientific meeting this month.

Early studies showed extremely low rates of COVID-19 patients who were resuscitated successfully and went on to survive after suffering from cardiac arrest. The first study from Wuhan demonstrated just a 2.9 percent 30-day survival rate and a second small cohort from New York City showed absolutely no survival. These results, of course, raised concerns that offering CPR to these patients wasn't accomplishing anything and may have just been exposing hospital staff to the virus. But our results showed survival with a good neurological status is very possible if CPR is attempted."

Oscar Mitchell, MD, a fellow in Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania and the Center for Resuscitation Science

Examining data from between March and the end of May 2020 at 11 different hospitals across the United States, Mitchell and his fellow researchers identified 260 patients with COVID-19 who suffered cardiac arrest -- a complete loss of heart rhythm -- while in the hospital for treatment. During that time, the data showed that 22 percent of those patients were able to be revived. After their cardiac arrests, 12 percent of patients survived the events for at least a month, a standard marker for mortality when researching adverse health events.



The New York City hospitals included in the study treated the lion's share of the patients (204). However, the rate of successful resuscitation for the New York patients was 11 percent compared to 64 percent in the other hospitals. Moreover, the 30-day survival rate was 6 percent in New York compared to 36 percent elsewhere. As such, the non-New York hospitals' numbers were, in fact, right in-line with what could be expected for other hospital patients experiencing cardiac arrest pre-COVID.
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