#include <iostream>
#include <time.h>
using namespace std;

const unsigned int maxMistakes = 5;
const unsigned int wordsCount = 50;

void startGame();
const char* getWord();
char* createSequence(const char* word, int length);
const unsigned getLength(const char* word);
void printSequence(char* sequence, int length, int mistakes);
void printHistory(char* history);
char toLowerCase(char letter);
const char getLetter();

int main() {
    cout << "You are playing hangman. You are guessing one of the 50 U.S. states." << endl;
    while (true) {
        startGame();
        char answer;
        cout << "Do you want to play again?(y/n): ";
        cin >> answer;
        if (answer == 'n') {
            cout << "You left the game!" << endl;
            break;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

void startGame() {
    const char* word = getWord();
    int length = getLength(word);

    char* sequence = createSequence(word, length);
    char* history = new char[maxMistakes*length];
    history[0] = NULL;

    int mistakes = 0, guesses = 0;

    cout << "Guess the word (max " << maxMistakes << " mistakes): " << endl;
    while (true)
    {
        printSequence(sequence, length, mistakes);
        printHistory(history);

        //in case you make more mistakes than you are allowed to
        if (mistakes == maxMistakes) {
            cout << "Sorry, you lost. The word was " << word << endl;
            break;
        }

        const char letter = getLetter();

        //fill the array with the previous guesses
        history[guesses++] = letter;
        history[guesses] = '\0';

        bool missed = true, //the letter is not from the word
            guessed = true; //guessed the whole word

        for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            if (toLowerCase(word[i]) == letter) {
                sequence[i] = letter;
                missed = false; //made a right guess
            }
            if (sequence[i] == '_') {
                guessed = false; //there are still letters left to guess
            }
        }

        if (!missed) {
            cout << "OK" << endl;
        }
        if (missed) {
            cout << "No such letter!" << endl;
            mistakes++;
        }
        if (guessed) {
            cout << "Good job. You guessed the word " << word << "." << endl;
            break;
        }

        cout << endl;
    }

    delete[] sequence;
    delete[] history;
}

void printSequence(char* sequence, int length, int mistakes) {
    cout << "[" << mistakes << "/" << maxMistakes << "] ";
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        cout << sequence[i] << " ";
    }
}

//prints the previous guesses
void printHistory(char* history) {
    int length = getLength(history);
    cout << "History: ";
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        cout << history[i] << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;
}

char toLowerCase(char letter) {
    if (letter >= 'A' && letter <= 'Z') {
        return letter + ('a' - 'A');
    }
    return letter;
}

//guess a letter from the word
const char getLetter() {
    char letter;
    cout << "Choose a letter: ";
    cin >> letter;

    return letter;
}

//creates a sequence of underscores with the length of the searched word
char* createSequence(const char* word, int length) {
    char* sequence = new char[length + 1];
    for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
        if (word[i] == ' ') {
            sequence[i] = ' '; //in case the string consists of more than one word
        }
        else {
            sequence[i] = '_';
        }
    }
    sequence[length] = '\0';
    return sequence;
}

//function that gets the length of a string
const unsigned getLength(const char * word) {
    int length = 0;
    while (*word) {
        length++;
        word++;
    }
    return length;
}

//function that gets random word from a list
const char* getWord() {
    const char* words[] = {
        "Alabama", "Alaska" , "Arizona", "Arkansas", "California", "Colorado", "Connecticut", "Delaware", "Florida",
        "Georgia", "Hawaii", "Idaho", "Illinois", "Indiana", "Iowa", "Kansas", "Kentucky", "Louisiana", "Maine", "Maryland",
        "Massachusetts", "Michigan", "Minnesota", "Mississippi", "Missouri", "Montana", "Nebraska", "Nevada", "New Hampshire",
        "New Jersey", "New Mexico", "New York","North Carolina", "North Dakota", "Ohio", "Oklahoma", "Oregon", "Pennsylvania", "Rhode Island",
        "South Carolina", "South Dakota", "Tennessee", "Texas", "Utah", "Vermont", "Virginia", "Washington","West Virginia", "Wisconsin", "Wyoming"
    };

    srand(time(NULL));
    int random = rand() % wordsCount;
    return words[random];
}