Get category
<h2><?php
	$idObj = get_category_by_slug('s_about'); //ярлык
	$id = $idObj->term_id;
	echo get_cat_name($id);
	?></h2>

Get category description
<?php echo category_description($id); ?>

Get category title
<?php the_title(); ?>

Get category content
<?php the_content(); ?>

Get blog name
<?php echo get_bloginfo('name'); ?>

Get custom field
<?php echo get_post_meta($post->ID, 'resume_years', true); ?>

Post with photo (small\large)
<div class="row">

<?php if ( have_posts() ) : query_posts('p=14');
		while (have_posts()) : the_post(); 	?>
<div class="col-md-4 col-md-push-4 animation_1">
	<h3>Фото</h3>
	<div class="person">
		<?php if ( has_post_thumbnail() ) : ?> //img
			<a class="popup" href="<?php
						$large_image_url = wp_get_attachment_image_src( get_post_thumbnail_id(), 'large' );
						echo $large_image_url[0];
						?>"><?php the_post_thumbnail(array(220, 220)); ?></a>
		<?php endif; ?>
	</div>

	Get post (ul is content)
<div class="social_wrap">
	<ul>
		<?php
		$idObj = get_category_by_slug('socials');
		$id = $idObj->term_id;?>
		<?php if ( have_posts() ) : query_posts('cat=' . $id);
		while (have_posts()) : the_post(); 	?>

				<li><a href="<?php echo get_post_meta($post->ID, 'soc_url', true); ?>" //soc_url is custom field
				target="_blank" title="<?php the_title(); ?>">
				<i class="fa <?php echo get_post_meta($post->ID, 'fonts_awesome', true); ?> ?>"></i></a></li>	//fonts_awesome is custom field

		<?php  endwhile; endif; wp_reset_query(); ?>
	</ul>
</div>
Portfolio
	<div id="portfolio_grid">
	<?php if ( have_posts() ) : query_posts('cat=' . $id);
		while (have_posts()) : the_post(); 	?>

			<div class="mix col-md-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12 portfolio_item
			<?php
				$tags = wp_get_post_tags($post->ID); // get tags
				if ($tags) {
					foreach($tags as $tag) {
						echo ' ' . $tag->name;
					}
				}
				?>  ">
				<?php the_post_thumbnail(array(400, 300)); ?>
				<div class="port_item_cont">
					<h3><?php the_title(); ?></h3>
					<?php the_excerpt(); ?>
					<a href="#" class="popup_content">Посмотреть</a>
				</div>
				<div class="hidden">
					<div class="podrt_descr">
						<div class="modal-box-content">
							<button class="mfp-close" type="button" title="Закрыть (Esc)">×</button>
							<h3><?php the_title(); ?></h3>
							<?php the_content(); ?>
							<img src="<?php
						$large_image_url = wp_get_attachment_image_src( get_post_thumbnail_id(), 'large' );
						echo $large_image_url[0];
						?>" alt="<?php the_title(); ?>" />
						</div>
					</div>
				</div>
			</div>

		<?php  endwhile; endif; wp_reset_query(); ?>
</div>

Get option
<div class="contact_box">
	<div class="contacts_icon icon-basic-geolocalize-05"></div>
	<h3>Адрес:</h3>
	<p><?php $options = get_option('sample_theme_options'); //from theme-options.php
	echo $options['addresstext']; ?></p>
</div>

Addres from theme-options.php
<tr valign="top"><th scope="row"><?php _e( 'Адрес', 'sampletheme' ); ?></th>
	<td>
		<input id="sample_theme_options[addresstext]" class="regular-text" type="text"
		name="sample_theme_options[addresstext]" value="<?php esc_attr_e( $options['addresstext'] ); ?>" />
	</td>
</tr>