Fiktiv South Korea - KBS

Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) is the national public broadcaster of South Korea. It was founded in 1927, and operates radio, television, and online services, being one of the largest South Korean television networks.

KBS is a public corporation funded by the South Korean government and license fees, but is managed independently. As part of the Constitution, the president of KBS is chosen by the President of South Korea, after being recommended by its board of directors. Political parties in South Korea also have the right to name members of the KBS board of directors.

Because of this system, which gives politicians effective control over choosing the president of KBS, as well as its board of directors, people who are critical of the system cite political intervention in KBS's governance as reason for revising the current system of recruiting.

In order to uphold and defend independence, KBS, since 2018, created an ‘Public Advisory Group’, as part of the selection process of new KBS President and CEO. New President and CEO of KBS is recommended by the KBS Board of Governors, once the selection process by the Group is completed. The Group examines Presidential candidates in the form of a presentation, a panel discussion, and an interview. New President and CEO of KBS will finally be appointed by the President of Republic of Korea, after going through the mandatory parliamentary audit by the National Assembly.

Around 49% of KBS' revenue comes from a mandatory television licence fee of 2,500 won, with another 18.7% coming from commercial advertisement sales.

KBS carried out a large-scale organizational reform on 1 March, 2019. The focus of the reform is to; further strengthen the KBS’ capabilities of content creation; enhance the organization’s digital work flow; and improve audience services. As part of the new strategy, KBS created Content Production 2 Division, a new integral body, responsible for a highly efficient operation of production, marketing, as well as content businesses. The new division ultimately aims to bring outstanding dramas and entertainment programming by boosting creative nature of the production function, and minimizing its decision-making process.

The new reform strategy introduced Public Service Media Strategy team under Strategy and Planning Division. Public Service Media Strategy is mainly responsible for developing KBS’ digital strategies for different audiences to enjoy KBS content via assorted digital media platforms. The reform brought changes in Programming Division as Digital Media department has further expanded its roles under the division. Digital News department attached to News and Sports Division has also strengthened its functions in line with the recent reform initiative. Another significant change in the reform is that new ‘Audience Relations Center’ has become an executive department, to be operated directly by KBS President and CEO. The Audience Relations Center will dedicate its resources to further enhance audience services, and create more opportunities for audiences to take part in various initiatives developed by KBS. And Local Stations Management has been reorganized to be supervised under KBS Executive Vice President, as KBS has a plan to build a regional broadcasting system in response to a growing demand for greater regional autonomy.

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KBS1 is South Korea's public television network. Its programming is generalist with a strong focus on highbrow and Korean-oriented programming, ranging from news and current affairs, cultural programming, sports coverage, entertainment series, drama, talkshows and children's programming.

KBS TV began broadcasting on 31 December 1961, as South Korea's first full-scale television station. Regular broadcasts commenced on 15 January the following year.

KBS1 was once known for being one of the first commercial TV stations in South Korea. But in 1963, the South Korean government through its parliament, introduced the Television License Fee system. Advertisements on KBS1 were abolished in 1994.

The monopoly was broken in 1965 when TBC began broadcasting. In December 1980, following the lanuch of KBS's second channel, it became known as KBS1.

KBS 1TV began 24-hour broadcasting on 8 October 2012, the first channel in South Korea to do so, in line with the digital switchover and following the lifting the ban of broadcasting into the early hours of the morning on terrestrial television. Even though KBS1 is 24 hours, they continue closing down on Sunday and Monday nights, due to technical maintenance. As of 2018, KBS1 is one of two channels to maintain its late night offerings after its rival stations MBC TV and SBS TV discontinued their 24-hour offerings and resumed closing down on a nightly basis in 2017.

In contrast to its sister channel KBS2, which focuses on entertainment, TV series, movies and sports, KBS 1TV is the home of predominantly the news, current affairs, cultural and documentary programming being produced by KBS, as well as primetime drama miniseries and weekend historical and literature series. It also acts as the principal channel for breaking news or live events of national and international significance. It also airs musical shows, children's programming, more regional programming and selected sports coverage if KBS2 is unable to broadcast them live. All KBS 2TV dramas are also shown on this channel as reruns, notably the Monday/Tuesday dramas & Wednesday/Thursday dramas.

KBS 1TV has musical variety shows, but unlike its sister channel, KBS 2TV and most commercial stations which air it on a live basis, most KBS 1TV musical shows are either recorded or broadcast live on special occasions. The only live music program shown on this channel is the National Singing Contest (also known as Korea Sings), a talent show currently shown since 1980.

KBS News 9 is the flagship newscast aired on KBS1 every night at 9:00pm KST. The program is seen across South Korea, as well as on KBS World service which provides headline tickers in English throughout the newscast. The newscast has news, sports, weather, health, society, as well as other topics. It first premiered on August 31, 1964 as a short news bulletin, but it later expanded and became KBS News 9, which premiered on May 22, 1973.

Between 9:30 and 9:35 pm, local KBS stations outside Seoul opt-out from the national newscast to provide a 15-minute regional newscast in their respective areas. At around 9:45, all stations rejoin Seoul for KBS Sports 9, a sub-newscast airing Korean and international sports news, to be followed by the national weather.

KBS News Plaza is the morning newscast aired on KBS1 from Monday - Saturday at 6:00am KST, on Sundays the newscast airs at 7:00am KST. It runs for 110 minutes on weekdays and Saturdays and 50 minutes on Sunday. KBS News Plaza is a highly complete morning general news that allows viewers to enjoy more comfortable, fun, and lively viewing in the morning with dynamic progress such as interactive progress of male and female anchors and diversity of format composition. KBS News Plaza has contributed to reducing the damage to the people by delivering quick and accurate information through special reports in the event of various disasters such as typhoons and heavy snow.

KBS News 930 is the morning newscast aired on KBS1 every weekday and Saturdays at 9:30am KST. It runs for 30 minutes on weekdays and 10 minutes on Saturdays. KBS News 930 is a semi-comprehensive morning news program for housewives who are the main viewers of the morning hours, and is a semi-comprehensive news program in the morning that has traditionally been conducted by a single anchor. We are reinforcing the service to the viewers by reinforcing life-oriented reports and single-personality for housewives, the main audience, and responding to the diverse demands of viewers through rapid reporting of the news.

KBS News 12 is the lunchtime newscast aired on KBS1 every weekday at 12:00pm KST. It runs for 60 minutes. KBS News 12 is KBS's representative daytime comprehensive news program that summarizes the news that occurred from KBS News 9 the previous day to today. KBS News 12 offers various corners such as Korea's politics, economy, society, culture, sports, etc., as well as life news, global news, KBS World News, reporters' eyes, and a stock market report.

KBS News 2 is the afternoon newscast aired on KBS1 every weekday at 2:00pm KST. It runs for 30 minutes. It is a daytime news program of KBS that delivers the latest news from Korea and the World. The last 10 minutes of KBS News 2 feature a round-up of economic news.

KBS News 5 is the early evening newscast aired on KBS1 every weekday at 5:00pm KST. It runs for 30 minutes. Quickly and accurately! KBS News 5 is an evening semi-comprehensive news program that quickly and accurately delivers major news from Korea and the world. Make all fields more vivid! In politics, economy, society, and international fields, the latest news from that day is organized by major issue, focusing on straight news, and trying to deliver vividly.

KBS News 7 is the evening newscast aired on KBS1 every weekday at 7:00pm KST. It runs for 40 minutes. Authentic KBS Evening Comprehensive News Program KBS News 7 delivers various news that happened during the day. We deliver fruitful news quickly.

KBS Newsline is the late night newscast aired on KBS1 every weekday at 11:30pm KST. It runs for 40 minutes. Busy daily life, pouring news "Which news is really important?" "I want to know more about it..." KBS Newsline will solve your concerns. In-depth comprehensive news to end your day and prepare for tomorrow. We will organize the news quickly and take important news one step further. In addition, we will actively discover issues and create a forum for discussion together.

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KBS2 is a South Korean free-to-air channel owned by the Korean Broadcasting System (KBS). It mainly caters to a younger demographic, with programmes consisting of drama, entertainment shows and live sports coverage. KBS2 lanuched in 1980.

KBS2 is the home of predominantly entertainment and drama programmes produced by KBS such as Music Bank and You Hee-Yeol's Sketchbook, the network's main musical programs, Happy Together, Let's Go Dream Team!, 2 Days & 1 Night, The Return of Superman and Immortal Songs, the network's well known variety shows. Apart from drama and entertainment, the channel also shows films, popular talkshows, less news bulletins and more sporting events; this is in contrast to KBS1, which focuses more on news, current affairs, documentaries and cultural programming. As the target audience of KBS2 is younger than that of KBS1, they also broadcast a significant amount of children's programming in the mornings and afternoons.

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KBS3 is a South Korean free-to-air channel owned by the Korean Broadcasting System (KBS). The channel is available as a national network without any regional variation in schedules.

The channel was launched on 2 February 1981 as KBS3 and all the educational television programmes previously broadcast on other KBS channels were moved to a dedicated channel.

KBS3 offers award winning children's programs and globally recognized documentaries for all age groups. Creative programs for KBS3 is provided to support public education; to help reduce private supplementary education costs in Korea and establish a better public education framework.

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KBS4 is a South Korean free-to-air channel owned by the Korean Broadcasting System (KBS). The channel lanuched on 11 February 2015. Like KBS3, the channel is available as a national network without any regional variation in schedules.

KBS4 is dedicated to education programs for primary and middle school students, English education programs of different level and subjects and programs dealing with unity and multiculture.

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KBS Drama is a South Korean pay television channel owned by the Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) that mainly broadcasts drama series. The channel lanuched on 2 February 2002.

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KBS Joy is a South Korean pay television channel owned by the Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) that mainly broadcasts entertainment and variety programs as well as game shows. The channel lanuched on 1 November 2006.

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KBS Life is a South Korean pay television channel owned by the Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) that mainly broadcasts programs focusing on history and culture as well as documentaries. The channel lanuched on 27 February 2002 as KBS Korea.

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KBS W is a South Korean pay television channel owned by the Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) that mainly broadcasts drama series, entertainment and cultural programs. The channel lanuched on 1 January 2013, and is KBS's first ever channel devoted to women.

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KBS Kids is a South Korean pay television channel owned by the Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) that mainly broadcasts animated series, entertainment programs and drama series that target children. The channel lanuched on 5 May 2012.

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KBS Sports is a South Korean pay television channel owned by the Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) devoted to sports. The channel lanuched on 2 February 2002.

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KBS News 24 is a South Korean pay television channel owned by the Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) which lanuched on 3 March 2010. The channel simulcasts all news bulletins from KBS 1TV and KBS2 and also broadcasts its own news and current affairs programs.

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KBS Education is a South Korean pay television channel owned by the Korean Broadcasting System (KBS) which lanuched on 11 February 2015. It provides educational contents for elementary school to high school students for academic knowledge, creative thinking and character development. By providing free and equal opportunities, KBS Education aims to nurture future generation. It is a Korea's most trusted and leading CSAT preparation channel.

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KBS World is a South Korean pay television channel operated by Korean Broadcasting System aimed at international audiences outside South Korea. It was launched on 1 July 2003 and mainly broadcast in Korean, but subtitles in English, Chinese and Malay are also provided.

Apart from the signals from Seoul, there are three separate services operated by KBS's subsidiaries for specific market: the Japanese version of KBS World, operated by KBS Japan, targets Japanese audiences, the Indonesian version of KBS World, operated by OKTN, targets Indonesian audiences, while the American version of KBS World, operated by KBS America, targets Koreans in North and South America.

Programs on KBS World are sourced from KBS's two domestic television services; KBS1 and KBS2. Just about all genres of programming can be seen in KBS World television service including news, dramas, documentaries and children's programming. Broadcasts mostly in Korean, it also shows an English language news bulletin, KBS World News Today, on weekdays, and other original productions like The Three Colors of Korea.

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KBS Radio 1 is a South Korean news, talk, sports and cultural radio channel of the Korean Broadcasting System. The network has a 24-hour broadcast dedicated to today's events reflecting Koreans. Radio 1's programs are heard nationwide; national shows originate from Seoul, with local stations providing an amount of regional programming (including local identification at the top of the hour and at 4:53 am daily) to its audience.

Radio 1 was originally launched as Kyeongseong Broadcasting Corporation (JODK) by the Japanese government in Korea on February 16, 1927, and later adopted the callsign HLKA in 1947 after South Korea got the HL callsign block from the International Telecommunication Union. In 1965 the name was changed to KBS Radio 1.

KBS Radio 1 broadcasts weather information every hour from 6:58 am to 10:58 pm, and provides weather reports at 5:55 am and 11:55 pm and fishing weather reports at 4:42 am. The news is broadcast every hour and last from 5 to 10 minutes. Extended bulletins are broadcast at 6:00 am (except Sunday), 7:00 am (except weekends), 12:00 pm, 2:00 pm (except weekends), 7:00 pm and 9:00 pm.

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KBS Radio 2 (also known by its nickname Happy FM) is a K-Pop, classical music, and entertainment network of the Korean Broadcasting System. Opened in 1933 on AM Radio, the network began utilising FM Radio frequencies 47 years later for a clearer audio reception.

Radio 2 operates daily from 5:00 am to 3:00 am of the following day. National programs originate from Seoul, with regional opt-outs as well as rebroadcasts of selected KBS 2FM programs are aired across local stations operating on FM and, if applicable, AM radio.

Traffic information is broadcast every hour from 6:57 a.m. to 8:57 p.m. and every half-hour from 7:30 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. News bulletins are broadcast every hour from 6:00 am to  9:00pm with extended bulletins at 7:00 am (except weekends), 12:00 pm and 8:00 pm.

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KBS Radio 3 (a.k.a. KBS Voice of Love FM) (AM 1134 kHz) is a national radio station for persons with disabilities, the elderly, and social minorities. Owned by the Korean Broadcasting System, Radio 3 operates daily from 6:00am to 3:00am of the following day.

Radio 3, along with KBS 2FM, is unique among other KBS radio networks and stations (KBS Radio 1, KBS Radio 2, KBS 1FM, KBS Hanminjeok Radio and KBS World Radio), as it is exempted from commercial advertising prohibitions stipulated in the revised Broadcasting Act of 2002.

Radio 3 broadcasts news bulletins at 9am, 10am, 12pm, 2pm, 4pm and 5pm (except Sunday). It also simulcasts an extended 9pm news bulletin from KBS Radio 1.

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KBS Classic FM (also known as KBS 1FM) is a South Korean radio network operated by the Korean Broadcasting System. Most of the schedule is assigned to classical music, making it one of the few radio networks in the world that broadcast mainly in its music format.

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KBS Cool FM (also known as KBS 2FM) is a 24-hour Hot AC music radio station of the Korean Broadcasting System. It plays mostly older K-pop Music from the 90s compared to KBS Happy FM which plays the latest K-pop tracks. Notable shows include Popular Plaza, Volume Up and Kiss the Radio. The station lanuched on 25 December 1980 as KBS Radio 4.

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KBS Education FM (also known as KBS 3FM) is a South Korean radio network operated by the Korean Broadcasting System. Due to the nature of a public channel, this channel does not have local broadcasts and commercial advertisements. It broadcasts from 5am to 2am.

KBS Education FM reads entertaining and educational stories. KBS Education FM provides a chance to find out true joy of life as well as acquire valuable knowledge by reading. The best companion for reading books as a way of life.

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KBS Hanminjok Radio is a South Korean radio station of the Korean Broadcasting System. It is the only channel that does not have FM frequency in South Korea. Until 2007 it was called as KBS Social Education Radio.

Until the mid-2000's it broadcast content criticising the North Korean system, but halted them after Inter-Korean summits. After its name was changed, the audience has been expanded not only to North Koreans but also to Hanminjok(Koreans) living in China, Japan, and Russia.

KBS Hanminjok Radio broadcasts news bulletins at 1pm, 4pm, 6pm, 8pm and 12am. It also simulcasts an extended 9pm news bulletin from KBS Radio 1.

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KBS World Radio (formerly Radio Korea and Radio Korea International) is the official international broadcasting station of South Korea. Owned by the Korean Broadcasting System, the station broadcasts news and information in 11 languages: Korean, English, Chinese, Japanese, Indonesian, Arabic, Vietnamese, Russian, German, French and Spanish.