1. Which ideology resulted from antipathy toward foreign-born and new migrants?
Correct Answer: Nativism

2. Which of the following was LEAST associated with the “Gilded Age”?
Correct Answer: Conservation of natural resources

3. The Granger movement was most dedicated to
Correct Answer: challenging railroad monopolies.

4. The most resented form of 19th-century government corruption was in
Correct Answer: big business.

5. Which African American leader championed vocational training for blacks, raised funds from white philanthropists, and sought new career opportunities for blacks to improve their status in the late 19th century?
Correct Answer: Booker T. Washington

6. Which 19th-century government action aimed to break up Indian lands and force assimilation in order to end tribal identities?
Correct Answer: The Dawes Severalty Act

7. From 1870 to 1890, new migration from Asia and Southern and Eastern Europe led to
Correct Answer: segregated ethnic communities and distinct migrant enclaves in cities.

8. During the late 19th century, the American industrial workforce
Correct Answer: expanded through migration across national borders and internal migration.

9. Which of the following was LEAST controversial during the Gilded Age?
Correct Answer: Western expansion

10. Many 19th-century industrialists chose to blunt criticism regarding their wealth by
Correct Answer: pursuing philanthropy.

11. Who pioneered the use of holding companies to control markets?
Correct Answer: John Rockefeller

12. Which of the following BEST exemplified a government subsidy to promote western migration?
Correct Answer: Homestead Act

13. As 19th-century American cities grew in both size and number, the greatest attention to the stark contrast between urban wealth and working-class poverty resulted from
Correct Answer: journalists and the print media.

14. Which of the following represented a direct challenge to the practices typical of the Gilded Age?
Correct Answer: Socialism

15. Who was a fearless African American anti-lynching advocate, suffragist, and women’s rights activist?
Correct Answer: Ida Wells-Barnett

16. The majority of late 19th-century women’s clubs and self-help groups demanding social and political reform tended to be
Correct Answer: middle class.

17. The violent conflict during the second half of the 19th century between the United States and American Indians was most influenced by the
Correct Answer: failure of the United States to adhere to previously signed treaties.

18. Who lived in settlement houses in Chicago and New York and championed child labor reform?
Correct Answer: Florence Kelley

19. Which late 19th-century labor union emphasized “bread and butter” unionism?
Correct Answer: The American Federation of Labor

20. Which of the following represented a strong challenge to the 19th-century corporate ethic?
Correct Answer: The Social Gospel

21. Jane Addams was instrumental in improving the conditions of immigrants and advancing urban reform primarily through the use of
Correct Answer: settlement homes.

22. The completion of the transcontinental railroads through the American West contributed most to the
Correct Answer: migration of settlers to the West.

23. The classic 19th-century essay “The Gospel of Wealth” was authored by
Correct Answer: Andrew Carnegie

24. Who championed the growth of the U.S. Navy to gain greater control of foreign markets and natural resources in the late 19th century?
Correct Answer: Alfred Mahan

25. The internal migrations of African Americans in the United States from 1865 to 1900
Correct Answer: led to mass demographic shifts to urban areas by the end of World War I.

26. The Plessy v. Ferguson ruling upheld
Correct Answer: racial segregation.

27. The Sierra Club
Correct Answer: challenged corporate control of natural resources.

28. During the late 19th century, the primary conflict among white settlers, Indians, and Mexican Americans was primarily due to
Correct Answer: competition for land.

29. Which of the following was NOT part of the Populist platform?
Correct Answer: The preservation of wilderness areas

30. Which of the following illustrated the limitations of the “New South” economic revitalization plan?
Correct Answer: Sharecropping