Commands

Commands
lsb_release -a

    #OS and distribution information.

dmesg|grep WORD

    #Boot messages piped, where “WORD” is the search subject.

cat /var/log/Xorg.0.log|grep EE

    #list errors for the X Window System.

lsusb -- list usb devices
lshw -- list more detailed hardware information of your system including chipsets, motherboard manufacturer, RAM details, etc (I had to install this separately from the Debian repos)

alien -iv: [package name] alien converts .rpm to .deb

du -ch: /path/to/folder check file or directory size in total
amount and in human-readable terms.

dpkg-reconfigure fontconfig-config: font quality check

grub-install:*install grub on your drive*

dmesg | more: shows boot-up messages

module-assistant:*module-assistant is the command-line tool for
handling module-source packages that have been prepared for the Debian distribution. It helps users to build and install module package(s) easily for one or more custom kernels.

lsmod: lists loaded kernel modules

lspci: lists info on hardware lshw lists more detail and apt-get install hwinfo for another good tool. mkxf86config for monitor capabilities

umask: set in env.vars. (.bashrc?). Decide what your default environmental file permissions should be for thinks such as touch and text editors. Ex. U: 7 G: 5 O:0. Subtract this number from 777 and the result (027), is your umask

whatis: microscopic man page. Form: whatis mkdir

cmp: create a file, modify it and save it as a different file. use cmp to compare the differences between the two files

df -Th: report file system disk space usage
more /proc/cpuinfo: shows info on the cpu

ddcprobe: monitor info

modprobe “device” **modprobe intelligently adds or removes a module from the Linux kernel: note that for convenience, there is no difference between _ and - in module names
update-alternatives --config (item) check in /etc/alternatives for list.

alsamixer: sound input/output config gdebi

checkinstall: (run in the root directory of a package source tree). checkinstall -D turns most source into a .deb (use dpkg -i to install). The -R option turns it into a .rpm package

tar jxvf: unpacks .tar .bz package in one fell swoop

dpkg -l package* | grep -i ^ii example, lists actual package name so it can be removed (in this case by dpkg)

uname -a finds kernel version

readlink: display value of a symbolic link. The following example shows which driver module controls the eth0 device:

readlink /sys/class/net/eth1/device/driver/module

cat /proc/cpuinfo: *cpu info

apt-get moo: *just kinda fun

ifconfig [interface]*up/down: brings specified nic on or off line

top: shows real-time cpu usage by process. -U username for specific user

apropos: info on man pages- very cool*

stat [filename]: verbose info on files

dpkg --list: shows all dpkg installed packages

df -h or better yet fdisk -l:*List hard drive info/names

ctrl-alt-backspace: kills xserver

runlevel: shows current runlevel

telinit x: change runlevel

sysv-rc-conf: start/stop specifications for init scripts by runlevel. You can also go to the /etc/runlevel and replace the “S” with a “K”

update-grub: updates grub boot menu

sudo blkid /dev/sda | grep PTTYPE : tells drive partition type like gpt or msdos


gcc --version: gnu compiler version

tzselect:* sets timezone

pmount: ("policy mount") is a wrapper around the standard mount program which permits normal users to mount removable devices without a matching /etc/fstab entry

pstree [process]:*display a tree of processes

dhclient: requests and renews dhcp address from dhcp server
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Get into root

sudo -i
sudo bash
sudo su -
sudo su

sudo apt-get autoclean   to clean out dead files
Find file type in Linux on Mounted Partiton:::  _df -T
Root Access to Nautiless File Manager::::::::::::gksu nautilus &

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cat /etc/issue     to find out what distro u are using
cat /proc/version
dmesg | head -1
lsb_release -a
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If it is a built-in or PCI wireless, use this command to determine the card info:lspci -nn
For Fedora:/sbin/lspci -nn

If it is a USB wireless, use this command. It will not give as much info as for a PCI card, but it is useful anyway:lsusb
For Fedora:/sbin/lsusb

To see a list of all driver modules that your system is loading, use this command. I usually can spot a wireless driver in the list:lsmod

To see any error codes that your system may have generated concerning the wireless, enter this command.:dmesg

Post any relevant wireless messages or wlan errors in your thread. Many cards require firmware to be loaded before they will work, so look for firmware errors in the dmesg output. A command that will only give firmware messages can be used:
dmesg | grep firmware

#also
echo uname: && uname -a -m -p && echo lspci: && lspci && echo lsusb: && lsusb && echo lsmod: && lsmod && echo ifconfig: && ifconfig && echo ifconfig -a: && ifconfig -a && echo iwconfig: && iwconfig && echo resolv.conf: && cat /etc/resolv.conf && echo route: && route -n

su -c "hwinfo --wlan"


lspci -nnk | grep -i net -A2

su -c "hwinfo --netcard"
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The Linux distribution and version can be useful, as well as the kernel version. To obtain the kernel version, use this command.: uname -r
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For wiping the MBR only, use this command:  dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=446 count=1


For wiping the entire drive, go with this command:dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1
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e: sudo apt-get remove (instead of install, just taking a chance here) xserver-xorg and that worked to remove the whole thing then: 'sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg' and it worked like a charm!
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To Open Wajig type     gjig    in terminal
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To empty root file in trash    type    sudo rm -rf ~/.local/share/Trash/files/*
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To compile kernel modules, you need to install a few things first.

kernel-devel (kernel source)
kernel-headers
gcc
make
__________________
Paul
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Manually mount and unmount USB MP3 Player (No other Flashdrives Plugged in)

sudo mount -t vfat -o rw,umask=0 /dev/sdb1 /media/USB

Will mount the device Read/Write and give full access to all users as if they were root. Don't forget that with a manual mount, you must manually unmount before disconnecting or you risk data corruption and a possible device hang (on the computer, not the stick). You will also need to do this before remounting the device (or there is an alternate method, but it's simpler for me to explain it this way).

sudo umount /dev/sdb1
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########blacklist############

 sudo tee /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist <item to be blacklisted goes here>

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#############When I want to certain info on how many cores I am running###########

grep 'model name' /proc/cpuinfo|sed -e 's/model name.*: //'|uniq

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######record desktop####################

ffmpeg -f x11grab -s 1024x768 -r 24 -an -threads 2 -sameq -i :0.0 screencast.avi

ffmpeg -f alsa -ac 2 -i hw:0,0 -f x11grab -s 1366x768 -r 25 -i :0.0 -sameq /home/harry/Video/test2.avi

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    Hold down the Alt and SysRq (Print Screen) keys.
    While holding those down, type the following keys in order, several seconds apart: REISUB
    Computer should reboot.
Also

Alt+PrintScreen+K

To kill X.
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########Test Webcam in Terminal################
mplayer tv://

####################################Find dependencies in a package install####################################

apt-cache show <package name goes here> | grep ^Depends | sed 's/, /\n/g;s/^Depends: //' | sort -u