1) examples of megakaryocrytin anemia - erythropeoiesis, megaloblastic anemia, anemias due to disorder of Hb synthesis, iron deficency anemia, hemolytic anemia,

2) lack of which vitamin leads to disorder in blood coagulation - Vitamin K

3) among these organelles, which is present in RBC - none
-nucleus
-mitcondria
-ER

4) explain the process of formation of bilirubin and its excretion from the body (urobilinogen, urobilin)
Bilirubin is created by the breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs) in the body. The bilirubin travels to the liver, is secreted to the bile duct, it is then removed by the body through stool. Urobilinogen is formed from the reduction of bilirubin. too much urobilinogen indicates liver disease such as hepatitis or cirrhosis

5) in which part of the body do we have the IF and which proten binds to it. - produced by the parietal cells of the stomach

6)examples of cytokines and their cells of origin (i.e. IFNgamma, IL-g ect) - TNF. IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12. usually produced by macrophages, but also neutrophils, epithelial cells, and endothelial cells.

7) describe the steps in coagulation (not in detail)
1 - vasoconstriction
2 - platelet plug formation
3 - coagulation. fibrin network traps RBC and seals endothelium.

8) describe the 5 different types of hypersensitivity reactions
I - IgE-mediated; quick onset after exposure. Allergic. (bee stings, latex, certain medications like penicillin). IgE. Soluable molecule. IgE induced mast cell activation.
II - Cytotoxic/andtibody-mediated. (hemolytic reactions, goodpasturesyndrome, hyperacute gaft rejection). IgG. Cell associated molecule. Complement mediated phagocytosis.
III - Immune complex/IgG/IgM mediated. Immune complex deposition. (hypersensitivity pneumonitis, systematic lup erythematosus, polyarteritis nodasa, serum sickness). IgG. Soluable molecule. Tissue damage induced by immune complexes
IV - Delayed or cell-mediated. (chronic graft rejections, PPD test, latex, nickle). T cells. Soluable or associated molecule. T cell mediated inflammation or cytotoxicity.
V - Antibody mediated stimulatory. rare. usually clasified as type 2. Graves' disease, Myastenia gravis. antibodies recognise and bind to cell surface receptors, which either prevents intended ligand binding with the receptor or mimics the effects of the ligand, thus imparing cell signaling. does not destroy target cell.