2014-08-21 Structure: quantifiers

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Homework: p. 119 (all)
A
1 G
2 N
3 D
4 G
5 G
6 D
7 N
8 N
B
1 the
2 a
3 the
4 an
5 The
6
7 the/nothing
C
1 B - no article
2 C - a big house
3 A - The journey
4 B - an
5 D - the scientific community
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Determiners: articles, possessives, demonstratives (this/that), numbers, question words, quantifiers

All singular count nouns need a determiner, but it doesn't have to be an article.
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QUANTIFIERS
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Quantifiers tell us the quantity of something (how much or how many).

Singular Count Nouns only:
one book, each book, every book

Plural Count Nouns only:
two/three/four/etc., both (= two & all)
	(neither = two & none, either = two & any/some)
a couple (of) books = approximately two
	("a couple" as a quantifier means about 2)
	("a couple" as a noun means two people in a relationship)
a couple < a few < several < a number of < many

I have a few friends. = I have some friends and it's fine.
I have  few  friends. = I don't have enough friends. :-(

I have a few problems. = I'm having some trouble. Help me.
I have  few  problems. = I'm not having trouble.

Noncount Nouns only:
I have a little money. = I'm not rich, but I'm fine.
I have  little  money. = I'm poor.
He has a great deal of money. = He is quite rich.
much (not much, too much, very much, so much, how much
- it is NOT common to use "much" in simple affirmative sentences)

Count and Noncount nouns:
no = 0 (I have no friends. I have no money.)
some > 0 (I have some friends. I have some money.)
enough (enough money for a house, enough friends for a party)
a lot of = lots of = a bunch of (= hella)
plenty of
most > 50%
almost all > 90%
all = 100%
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If the noun is specific ("the" or a possessive), all quantifiers use "of".
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http://archive.org - to see old versions of websites (and avoid the BAE filter)
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p. 126 exercise 2
2 any
3 less
4 some
5 number of
6 a lot of
7 many (people)
8 few (It was good. We never had to stand.)
9 little (He gets angry easily in that situation.)
10 a little
few = count, little = noncount
fewer = count, less = noncount (and sometimes count)
fewest,       least
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Homework: p. 134-136 (next chapter reading and questions)
      and finish p. 126-7 exercise 3 (if you didn't in class)