2018-05-16 Grammar: coordinating conjunctions

Greg Malivuk
[email protected]
http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
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Problems with Coordinating Conjunctions
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What are coordinating conjunctions?
- Words that connect parallel forms (including independent clauses).
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Problem 1 - The things being connected aren’t parallel.
Parallel forms mean they have the same grammatical structure.
For example, they’re all nouns, all prepositions phrases, all past tense verbs, etc.
“I relaxed, I took tours, and I went swimming.” is parallel
“I relaxed, I was taking tours, and I would go swimming.” is NOT parallel
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Which word or phrase in each set is NOT parallel? How can we fix it? (Grassroots - pdf)
“My son wants to be either a fireman or fly planes.”
-> My son wants to be either a fireman or a pilot.
-> My son wants to either fight fires or fly planes.
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Problem 2 - Repeating redundant information
NOT “My son wants to be a fireman or a pilot.”
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Negative conjunctions need question word order:
Not only did I get accepted to Harvard, but I also got accepted to MIT.
I didn’t get accepted to Harvard, nor did I get accepted to MIT.
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p. 193 exercise 5 - Combine the sentences with a conjunction, and remove words so they aren’t redundant or repetitive.
1 Jeff likes cleaning, but Matt doesn’t.
2 Jeff may (either) go home for a visit or travel to France on his vacation.
3 Neither Matt nor Jeff plan to return to their hometowns to live.
  Matt doesn’t plan to return to his hometown to live, and neither does Jeff.
4 Jeff likes getting up early, but Matt doesn’t.
5 Jeff always wanted to have a dog, and so did Matt.
  Both Jeff and Matt always wanted to have a dog.
6 Matt or Jeff might take the dog to the park this afternoon.
  Matt might take the dog to the park this afternoon, or Jeff might.
  Both Matt and Jeff might take the dog to the park this afternoon. (This is also correct, but has a different meaning than the other options.)
7 Matt likes dancing and meeting friends at nightclubs.
  At nightclubs, Matt likes dancing and meeting friends.
8 Both Matt and Jeff come from small towns (in the Midwest).
  Matt comes from a small town in Kansas and Jeff comes from one in Wisconsin.
  Matt and Jeff come from small towns in Kansas and Wisconsin, respectively.
	(“respectively” means the first from the first, the second from the second)
  Matt and Jeff come from small towns, Matt from Kansas and Jeff from Wisconsin.
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Homework: read p. 194 on the new handout and do exercise 7 on p. 195