gmalivuk

2017-09-19 TOEFL: word roots, reading summary

Sep 19th, 2017
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  1. Greg Malivuk
  2. http://www.pastebin.com/u/gmalivuk - notes from all classes
  3. ---
  4. Word Roots (list 5) - With your partner, try to think of one or two words to explain the meaning of each root.
  5. morph = form
  6. multi = many (from Latin)
  7. nat = birth
  8. neo = new
  9. nom/nym = name
  10. nov (novelty) = new
  11. nov (November) = nine
  12. ob = in front of / block
  13. omni = all (from Latin)
  14. opt (optimal) = best
  15. opt (optician) = eye/sight
  16. paleo = old (opposite of “neo”)
  17. pan = all (from Greek)
  18. path = feeling (emotion) / feeling sick (disease)
  19. ped = foot
  20. ped/paed = child
  21. peri = around
  22. phil = love (many words ending in -phile or -philia have medical or sexual meanings)
  23. phob = fear (usually an irrational fear that might need help from a doctor, but not always)
  24. phon = sound
  25. photo = light
  26. pod = foot
  27. poly = many (from Greek)
  28. port = carry/pass through
  29. post = after
  30. proto = first
  31. pseudo = fake
  32. psych = mind
  33. pute = consider/count
  34. pyro = fire
  35. ---
  36. pyro -> fire
  37. pod -> foot
  38. pater -> father
  39. quod -> what
  40. Grimm’s Law describes sound changes in Germanic languages (which includes English)
  41. Voiced stops lose voicing: b -> p, d -> t, g -> k
  42. Stops become fricatives: p -> f, t -> th, k -> /x/ or h
  43. quod -> hwaet -> what
  44. ---
  45. Reading Section: first section, 60-80 minutes, three or four passages, around 14-15 questions each
  46. Reading Question Types:
  47. - vocabulary
  48. - fact
  49. - negative fact
  50. - purpose
  51. - inference
  52. - paraphrase
  53. - reference
  54. - sentence insertion
  55. - summarize
  56. - organize
  57. ---
  58. DELTA p. 149 - Which ideas below the passage are the most important? Why not the others?
  59. Incorrect answers are often minor details. They may express true information, but it’s not important to the overall article.
  60. ---
  61. p. 151 - Without first reading the text, which of these answer choices seem like minor details that you could eliminate as answer choices? (Use the introductory sentence to help you.)
  62. A - minor detail, not directly related to the history of the piano
  63. B - maybe not minor (it’s about the invention of a new musical instrument)
  64. C - maybe not minor
  65. D - probably major
  66. E - maybe not minor
  67. F - minor, not about the beginning of the history of the piano
  68. ---
  69. If you read the passage, you’ll see that C is not mentioned, so the correct answers are B, D, E.
  70. Incorrect answers are often
  71. - minor or supporting details (these you should often be able to identify without reading the passage)
  72. - inaccurate according to the passage
  73. - not mentioned in the passage
  74. ---
  75. BREAK
  76. ---
  77. https://000024.org/religions_tree/religions_tree_8.html
  78. ---
  79. Handout (Cengage) p. 156-157 - Take 3 minutes to skim the passage for main ideas and answer the summary question.
  80. paragraph 1 - economic resources = property resources and human resources
  81. paragraph 2 - property resources: land (natural resources) and capital (tools to produce things)
  82. paragraph 3 - human resources: labor (skills to produce goods) and entreprenurial skills
  83. paragraph 4 - economic resources are limited
  84. Correct answers to the question: B E F
  85. ---
  86. p. 158-159 passage 2 - Take 4 minutes to skim and answer the summary question
  87. 1 West Side Story is based on Romeo and Juliet
  88. 2 Bernstein, Sondheim, Robbins; importance of dance
  89. 3 success and awards for the play
  90. 4 made into a movie
  91. answers: B C D
  92. ---
  93. p. 160-161 passage 3 - Look at the answer choices. Which seem like minor details? (A, C, F)
  94. Correct answers: B D E
  95. Even if you think you’ve correctly eliminated three choices, if you have time you should still scan the passage for the answers you think are correct, to make sure they are mentioned and accurate.
  96. ---
  97. p. 162-164 passage 4 - Take 7 minutes to skim the passage quickly and answer the summary question.
  98. correct answers: A D F
  99. ---
  100. passage 5 - Do the same thing. B C E
  101. ---
  102. Homework: DELTA p. 152-156 exercise 1.8.A
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