@SpringBootApplication
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class KafkaTransactionMysteryApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(KafkaTransactionMysteryApplication.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    @Primary
    public JpaTransactionManager transactionManager() {
        return new JpaTransactionManager();
    }

    @Bean
    public ChainedKafkaTransactionManager chainedTxM(JpaTransactionManager jpa, KafkaTransactionManager<?, ?> kafka) {
        return new ChainedKafkaTransactionManager(kafka, jpa);
    }

    @KafkaListener(topics = "trans-topic")
    @Transactional(propagation = Propagation.REQUIRED, transactionManager = "chainedTxM", rollbackFor = Exception.class)
    public void listen(ConsumerRecord record) throws Exception {
        System.out.println(record.value());
        if (true) {
            throw new Exception("Force rollback");
        }
    }
}

spring.kafka.producer.bootstrap-servers=127.0.0.1:9092
spring.kafka.consumer.bootstrap-servers=127.0.0.1:9092

spring.kafka.producer.transaction-id-prefix=mytrans
spring.kafka.producer.value-serializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer

spring.kafka.consumer.group-id=trans-topic-grp1
spring.kafka.consumer.properties.isolation.level=read_committed
spring.kafka.consumer.auto-offset-reset=earliest
spring.kafka.listener.ack-mode=RECORD
spring.kafka.consumer.enable-auto-commit=false