#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

class A {
public:
    explicit A(int num = 0)
    : number{num} {
        cout << "A constructor" << endl;
    }

    A(const A& other) {
        number = other.number;
        cout << "A copy constructor" << endl;
    }

    ~A() {
        cout << "A destructor" << endl;
    }

    virtual string toString() const {
        return "A: " + to_string(getNumber());
    }

    int getNumber() const {
        return number;
    }

private:
    int number;
};

class B : public A {
public:
    B(int num = 0)
    : A(num) {
        cout << "B constructor" << endl;
    }

    ~B() {
        cout << "B destructor" << endl;
    }

    virtual string toString() const override {
        return "B: " + to_string(getNumber()) + " " + A::toString();
    }

private:

};

ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const A* obj) {
    out << obj->toString();
    return out;
}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const A& obj) {
    out << obj.toString();
    return out;
}

int main()
{
    A* obj = new A{'A'};
    B* obj2 = new B{'Z'};
    B  obj3{'B'};

    vector<A*> v{obj, obj2, &obj3};

    for (auto item : v) {
        cout << item << endl;
    }
    /*
    cout << obj << endl;
    cout << obj2 << endl;
    cout << &obj3 << endl;
    cout << obj3 << endl;
    */
    delete obj2;
    delete obj;
    return 0;
}